Span 20 m
Basic Wind Speed 50 m/s
Length 5m
8 nodes at 1.275 m
and truss spacing is 5m
Total height of building 11 m
Step 1: Loading
Calculation for dead load
GI Sheeting 0.085
Fixing 0.025
Services 0.1
Total Load 0.21 k N/m2
For 5m Bays
Roof dead load = 21 k N
Weight of purlin (Assume 70 N/m2)= 7k N
Self Weight of one Truss, = 10.67 k N
Total Dead Load 38.67 k N
For welded sheet roof truss the self weight is given approximately by
w = 53.7+0.53*A
= 0.1067 k N/m2
Calculation for nodal dead loads :
Since the truss has 16 internal nodes at the top chord
Intrmediate nodal dead load, W1 = 2.42 k N
Dead Load at the end nodes(W1/2) = 1.21 k N
All these loads acts vertically downwords at the nodes
Calculation of Live loads :
From IS 875 (Part 2)- 1987
Live Load 0.75 k N/m2
Slope correction 0.75 – 0.02 x 1.31 = 0.724
LL Reduction as per CL 4.5.1: 0.724 x 2/3 = 0.483
Load at intermediate nodes, W2 = 3.02 k N
Load at end nodes, W2/2 = 1.51 k N
Calculation for wind loads
Basic wind speed in Guwahati 50 m/s
Wind load F on a roof truss by static wind method is given by
(clause 6.2.1 0f IS 875)
F = (Cpe-Cpi) x A x Pd
where, Cpe Exterior force coefficient
Cpi Interior force coefficient
Pd Design wind pressure
Value of Cpi
Assume wall opening between 5% - 20% of wall area (clause
[Link] of IS 875 and Table 3.32 of chapter 3), we have
Cpi = 0.5
Value Cpe:
Roof angle, α 11.3 degree
Height of the building to eves, h 8m
Short dimension of the building in plan,w 20 m
Building height to width ratio is given by,
h/w = 0.4 < 0.5
Wind angle - 0 degree(Table 5 of IS 875 Part 3)
For 10 degree
Windward side, Cpe -1.2
Leeward side, Cpe -0.4
For 20 degree
Windward side, and leeward side, Cpe
-0.4
Roof angle α = 11.3
Then by interpolation , we get
Cpe -1.10 for windward
-0.4 for leeward
Wind angle - 90 degree(Table 5 IS 875 Part 3)
For 10 degree in windward and leeward, Cpe -0.8
For 20 degree in windward and leeward, Cpe -0.7
For 11.3 degree in windward and leeward, Cpe -0.787
Risk coefficient, k1 k1 1 from Table 1 of IS 875
Terrain ,height and structure size factor, k2 1.038 from Table 2 of IS 875
Topography factor, k3 k3 1
Wind pressure calculation:
Design wind speed, Vz= Vb x k1 x k2 x k3
Vz 51.9 m/s
Design wind pressure, Pd=0.6 x V2Z
Pd = 1616.166 N/m2
Pd = 1.616 k N/m2
Contributory Area, A 6.375 m2
Wind Load on Roof Truss:
Wind Pressure coefficient Cpe± Cpi
angle Cpe Cpi Windward
Windward Leeward
0 -1.10 -0.4 -0.5 -1.60
0.5 -0.60
90 -0.787 -0.787 -0.5 -1.287
0.5 -0.287
Wind load on each nodes in kN
Wind Windward side(W3) Leeward side, (W4)
Angle Intermediate End&Apex Intermediate
nodes ,W3 nodes,W3/2 nodes ,W4
0 -16.44 -8.22 -9.27
90 -13.26 -6.63 -13.26
le 1 of IS 875
le 2 of IS 875
A x Pd Wind Load ,F k N
Leeward kN Windward Leeward
-0.9 10.30 -16.44 -9.27
0.1 10.30 -6.14 1.03
-1.287 10.30 -13.26 -13.26
-0.287 10.30 -2.96 -2.96
ward side, (W4)
End&Apex
nodes,W4/2
-4.64
-6.63
Design of Purlin
Span of Purlin 5m fy 250 N/mm2
Spacing of Purlin 1.275 m γ0 1.1
Roof angle 11.3 degree E 2.00E+05
Load Calculations:
Live Load 0.724 k N/m2
Dead Load 0.21 k N/m2
Wind Pressure 2.586 k N/m2
Load Combinations
1 DL + LL = 0.934 k N/m2
2 DL + WL
Normal to slope -2.38 k N/m2
Parallel to slope 0.041 k N/m2
a) Load Combination 1 DL + LL
wz 1.168 k N/m
wy 0.233 k N/m
Where wz is the load normal to z-axis, wy is the load normal to y-axis and
1.275 is the spacing of the [Link] to continuity of
purlins, factored bending moments and shear force are as follows:
Mz = 1.5 Wz x L2/10 4.38 kN m
My = 1.5 Wy x L2/10 0.875 kN m
SFz = 1.5 x Wz x L /2 4.38 k N
Try MC100 for which the properties are as follows
D 100 mm tw 5 mm
bf 50 mm tf 7.7 mm
I zz 192 10^4 mm4 d 84.6 mm
Zez 37.3 10^3 mm3 βb 1
Zpz 43.83 10^3 mm3
Zey 7.71 10^3 mm3
Zpy 16.238 10^3 mm3
Section Classification:
b/tf 6.494 < 9.4
d/tw 16.92 < 42
Hence The section is Plastic
Check for Shear Capacity:
As per cl. 8.4 of IS 800,
Sv = (Avx fy)/(√3γ0) Av = 500 mm2
= 65.61 > 4.38
Hence, Shear capacity is larger than Shear force
Check for moment capacity:
βb Z pzfy
Mdz = = 9.96 k Nm
γm0
The above value should be less than
10.17 k Nm
Hence Mdz = 9.96 k Nm > Mz = 4.38 k Nm
Hence the assumed section is SAFE
Mdy 3.69 k Nm
The above value should be less than 2.10 k Nm
Hence Mdy = 3.69 k Nm > Mz = 0.875 k Nm
Hence the assumed section is SATISFACTORY
Check for Bi-axial Bending
(Mz/Mdz) + (My/Mdy) ≤ 1
Thus 0.68 < 1
Check for Deflection:
Calculation of deflecton is based on the serviceability condition
i.e, with unfactored imposed loads.
W = 5.84 k N
δ = (5WL3) / (384EIZ)
= 2.47E+01 mm
As per IS 800, Table 6, deflection limit is L/150
= 33.33 mm > 2.47E+01 mm
Hence the Deflection is Within allowable limits
9.4 10.5 15
Plastic
(b) Load Combination 2: DL + WL
WZ= 3.0344191 k N/m
WY = 0.0524646 k N/m
Factored bending moments in this case are
MZ 11.37907 k Nm > 9.96 k Nm
MY 0.196742 k Nm < 3.69 k Nm
Hence the Section is NOT SAFE, REVISE THE SECTION
Check for biaxial bending:
(Mz/Mdz) + (My/Mdy) ≤ 1
1.1956318 > 1
Hence The section is NOT SAFE
9.4
10.5
15.7
DESIGN OF TOP CHORD MEMBER:
Factored compressive force = 128.99 KN
Factored tensile force = 284.39 KN
Trying two ISA 75x75x6 75 6 mm @ 0.136 k N/m
Sectional Properties:
Area of cross section A = 1732 mm2
Radius of gyration rzz = 23 mm
Iy = 45.7 mm4
cy = 20.6 mm
Assuming 8 mm thick gusset plate
Iy 1962137 mm4
ry 33.66 mm
Section Classification:
ε = 1
b/t 12.5 < 15.7
the section is semi compact
As no member in the section is slender, the full section is
effective and there is no need to adopt reduction factor
Maximum unrestrained length L= 1275 mm
KL = 0.85 x L = 1083.75 mm
NOTE The effective length of the top chord member may be taken
as 0.7 - 1.0 times the distance between centres of connections
as per clause 7.2.4 of IS 800. We have assumed the effective length factor as 0.85
λy= 47.12 < 180
Hence λY is within the allowable limits.
From Table 9c of the code for KL/r = 47.12 and f y = 250 Mpa
Fcd = 187.32 N/mm2
Axial capacity= 324.4382 > 128.99
Hence the section is safe against axial compression
Axial tension capacity of the section
393.6364 > 284.39
hence section is safe in Tension.
DESIGN OF BOTTOM CHORD MEMBER:
Factored compressive force = 202.49 KN
Factored tensile force = 108.801 KN
Try two L ISA 100x100x8mm @0.242KN/m
Sectional Properties:
Area of cross section A = 3080 mm2
Radius of gyration rzz = 30.7 mm
Iy = 145 mm4
cy = 27.6 mm
Assuming 10 mm thick gusset plate
Iy 6173301 mm4
ry 44.77 mm
Section Classification:
b/t 15 < 15.7
the section is semi compact
Axial tension capacity of the section
700 > 108.801
Hence the section is safe against [Link] longitudinal tie runner at every bottom
Maximum unrestrained length L= 5000 mm
ry = 44.77
λy = 94.93046 95
from table 9c of IS800 for λY= 95 and fy = 250 Mpa
Fcd = 114 N/mm2
Axial capacity= 351.12 > 202.49
Hence the section is safe against axial compression
tie runner at every bottom node truss ,
DESIGN OF COLUMN
length of column 4m
Factored axial load 500 KN
Factored moment Mz:
at top of column 27 Nm
at bottom of column 45 kNm
fy 250 n/mm2
effective length as 0.8L
step 1
section selection
select ISMB 250 as trial section
A = 6500 mm2
ry = 54.9 mm
H = 250 mm
b = 200 mm
tf = 9 mm
KL = 3200 mm
KL/ry = 58.29
Pe=P+2Mz/d = 860 KN
for KL/ry=58.29 and fy=250mpa,from table 9c of the code,fcd=170.56N/mm2
KL/ry = 58.29 fy = 250mpa
fcd = 170.56 N/mm2
hence capacity = 1108.64 KN > 860
hence choose ISMB 250 as trial section
Sectional properties
H = 250 mm
A = 6500 mm2
bf = 250 mm
tf = 9.7 mm
tw = 6.9 mm
rz = 109 mm
ry = 54.9 mm
Zz = 619000 mm3
Zy = 156000 mm3
Iz = 77400000 mm4
Iy = 19600000 mm4
R = 10 mm
Zpz = 674456.7 mm3
Zpy = 305869.7 mm3
gmo = 1.1
step 2
Section classification
250 1
f y
b/tf = 12.8866 < 15.7 e
d = 210.6 mm
d/tw = 30.52174 < 42 e
Hence the section is classified as "SEMI-COMPACT SECTION ".
step 3
Check for resistance of cross section to the combined effects
The interaction equation is
(N/Nd)+(Mz/Mdz)<1.0
Nd = 1477.273 KN
Mdz = 140.6818 KN m
Thus,
0.658332 < 1
SAFE
step 4
member bucling resistance in compression
effective length 3200 mm
KLz/rz = 29.3578
KLy/ry = 58.2878
from table 10 of thecode ,
h/b = 1 and tf<40mm
fcr,z = 2290.26
lz = 0.330391
from table 9c of code for
KLy/ry = 58.2878
Fy = 250 n/mm2
fcd = 170.56 N/mm2
Pd,y = 1108.64 > 500 KN
from table 9b of code for
KLz/rz = 29.3578
Fy = 250 n/mm2
fcd = 215.6 N/mm2
Pd,z = 1401.4 > 500 KN
SAFE
step 5
Member buckling resistance in bending
Md=bbZpfbd
bb=Ze/Zp for semi-compact section
hence Md=Zefbd
from table 42 of the code( assuming K=1)
for y = 0.75
C1 = 1.141
for y = 0.5
c1 = 1.323
for y = 0.6
c1 = 1.25
Ly = 4m
h/tf = 25.7732
determination of Mcr
fcr,b = 895.1666 N/mm2
Mcr = 554.1081 KN m
non dimensional lateral torsional slenderness ratio
lLT = 0.528532
αLT = 0.21 For rolled section
Reduction factor for lateral torsional buckling
XLT = 1/[φLT+(φLT^2-lLT^2)^.5]
φLT = 0.674169
XLT = 0.915175
lateral torsional buckling resistance
XLT(fy/γm0)Ze = 128.7485 > 45 KN m
SAFE
step 6
member buckling resistance in combined bending and axial compression
moment amplification factors
Kz = 1.046522 < 1.285429
yz = 0.6
Cmz = 0.84 > 0.4
check with interpolation formula
P/Pd+[(KzCmzMz)/Mdz]<1
thus = 0.66404 < 1
SAFE
Hence the section is safe against combined axial force and bending moment.
MN