Alcaria, Ma.
Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
MODULE 6
Article 1: "Teaching Science in the Philippines: Why and How We Can Do Better"
by Rafael Ambag (August 3, 2020).
Set A Questions
1. What were the experiences of Mr. Ambag when he was a student in the public
school?
>Mr. Ambag noticed that many public schools lacked proper science
laboratories and necessary equipment for hands-on learning. This made it
difficult for students to conduct experiments and fully grasp scientific
concepts. As a result, learning science became more theoretical rather than
practical, limiting students' understanding and interest in the subject.
2. What are the factors that can be attributed to the low performance of Filipino
students in reading comprehension, science, and mathematics during the 2018
Program for International Student Assessment (PISA)?
> The shortage of qualified teachers affects the quality of instruction,
making it harder for students to learn complex subjects. Inadequate teaching
materials, such as outdated textbooks and a lack of laboratory tools, also
contribute to poor learning outcomes. Additionally, limited access to science
laboratories prevents students from engaging in practical applications,
making science and math more difficult to understand.
3. What makes science interesting to Mr. Ambag?
>Mr. Ambag finds science fascinating because it encourages curiosity and
exploration. He enjoys discovering how things work and understanding the
natural world through experiments and observation. For him, science is not
just about memorizing facts but about developing problem-solving skills and
critical thinking.
Article 2. Science Education in the Philippines: Challenges and Prospects.
Framework for Philippine Science Teacher Education. (2011), DOST-SEI & P-
NISMED, Manila
Set B Questions
1. What are the realities between science teachers and students?
> There is often a gap between the way teachers deliver science lessons and
how students best learn. Many teachers still use traditional lecture-based
methods, which can make science less engaging for students. This mismatch
in teaching styles and learning preferences results in students struggling to
develop a strong understanding of science concepts.
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
2. What are the challenges faced by science education in the Philippines?
> A major challenge is the lack of resources, such as science laboratories,
modern equipment, and updated textbooks. Another issue is the insufficient
training of teachers, which affects their ability to effectively teach science in
an engaging and interactive way. Furthermore, outdated curricula do not
always align with modern scientific advancements, making it harder for
students to stay globally competitive.
3. Cite significant key points pertaining to BEED Curriculum with emphasis on
science subjects.
> The BEED curriculum highlights the importance of content knowledge to
ensure teachers understand science concepts before teaching them. It also
emphasizes the need for strong pedagogical skills so that teachers can
effectively deliver lessons in a way that engages students. Additionally, the
integration of technology in science education is encouraged to enhance
learning and provide more hands-on experiences for students.
Self-Assessment Questions (SAQ)
1. The performance of Filipino students in science is better than in
mathematics. (True or False)
- False
2. The National Elementary Achievement Test (NEAT) result shows that
the Filipino students performed low in science. According to Rabino,
this indicates that _
- science is a difficult subject
3.-4. The Philippines ranked 7th among the 9 Southeast Asian countries in terms
of _ and
_
- education
- innovation
5-7. In the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), the
Filipino students ranked last in what subjects?
- Mathematics
- Science
- Reading Comprehension
8. The number of countries which participated in the 2018 PISA?
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
- 79
9-12. What kind of society does Grades 1-10 Science Curriculum envision?
- scientifically
- technologically
- environmentally literate
- productive
[Link] can you say about the science curriculum of the Philippines?
- Congested
14-15. Give at least two factors that affect the performance of Filipino students
in science.
- Inadequate teaching-learning process
- Insufficient Instructional Materials
Answer the following questions:
1. If you are a science administrator what major concern about science education
do you like to address first? Why?
>If I were a science administrator, I would first focus on improving science
laboratories and equipment in schools. Many students struggle to understand
science because they only read about experiments instead of doing them.
Having well-equipped labs will help students learn better through hands-on
activities, making science more fun and easier to understand.
2. Do you think there is still a chance for the performance of the Philippines in
Math and Science will increase both locally and internationally? Support your
answer.
>Yes, there is still a chance for the Philippines to improve in Math and
Science. If the government invests more in teacher training, better learning
materials, and updated teaching methods, students will have a better chance
to learn. Other countries have improved their education systems through
reforms, and the Philippines can do the same with the right support and
effort.
3. What are the best practices of other WEI and OECD countries that are effective
in terms of science achievement? Do you think they will be effective also once
applied in our country?
> Countries like Finland and Singapore focus on teacher training, hands-
on learning, and using technology in classrooms. They also give students
more time for critical thinking
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
instead of just memorizing facts. These methods can work in the Philippines
too, but we need to make sure teachers are well-prepared and schools have
the right tools to support better learning.
MODULE 7
Activity 1. Determine the function of medical incubator invented by Dr Fe Del
Mundo.
- The medical incubator helps keep newborn babies warm, especially those
born too early (premature). Dr. Fe Del Mundo made a cheaper version using
simple materials so it could be used in places without advanced hospitals. It
protects babies and helps them grow stronger.
Activity 2. Searching the effect of erythromycin discovered by Dr Abelardo Aguilar.
- Erythromycin is an antibiotic used to fight infections caused by bacteria. It
helps treat illnesses like sore throat, pneumonia, and skin infections. Dr.
Aguilar helped discover it, and it has saved many lives around the world.
Activity 3. Measuring the effectiveness of ACC invented by Engr Marinto C Martines.
- The ACC helps reduce smoke and pollution from engines and factories. It
makes fuel burn more completely, so it releases fewer harmful gases into the
air. This helps keep the environment cleaner and safer for people.
Activity 4. Examining the Sustainable Alternative Lighting (SALT) as environment-
friendly lamp.
- The SALT lamp uses saltwater or seawater to produce light. It doesn't need
electricity or batteries. This makes it helpful for people in remote areas and
safer for the environment since it doesn’t cause pollution.
Activity 5. Adapting and preparing the salamander as an alternative vehicle during
rainy season.
- The Salamander Tricycle can run on both land and water. It is useful during
floods or heavy rain because it keeps moving even on flooded streets. It can
help people travel safely during storms or emergencies.
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
Self - Assessment Questions (SAQ)
I. Identify whether the following are indigenous science (IS) or indigenous
technologies (IT)
IS a. Use of herbal medicines
IT b. Medical incubator
IT c. Build irrigation system
IT d. Salamander Amphibious tricycle
IT e. Aerogas catalytic combustor
II. Differentiate indigenous science from indigenous technologies by giving
specific examples.
> Indigenous Science (IS) is the traditional knowledge passed down through
generations, often based on observations and experiences. For example, the
use of herbal medicines like lagundi for cough has been practiced by Filipino
ancestors for centuries. On the other hand, Indigenous Technology (IT) refers
to tools or inventions created using local knowledge to solve problems. For
example, the Banaue Rice Terraces were built by the Ifugao people to grow
rice on mountains using an advanced irrigation system.
III. Research on other Philippine indigenous science and briefly describe the
history behind their development.
> One example of Philippine indigenous science is herbal medicine, which
has been practiced for centuries. Ancient Filipinos used plants like tawa-tawa
to treat dengue and akapulko for skin diseases, learning their effects through
careful observation and experience. Over time, these natural remedies
became part of traditional healing practices, and some of them have even
been studied by modern scientists to confirm their effectiveness. Today,
many Filipinos still rely on these herbal medicines, especially in rural areas
where access to modern healthcare is limited.
IV. Research on other Philippine indigenous technologies and briefly describe the
history behind their development.
>One example of indigenous technology is the Bamboo Cannon (lantaka),
which was used by early Filipinos during battles against colonizers. Made
from bamboo and
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
gunpowder, it was a creative and effective weapon, showing how Filipinos
used available resources for self-defense. Another example is the
Salamander Amphibious Tricycle, a modern invention that can travel on both
land and water. Designed to help people living in flood-prone areas, this
technology is an example of how Filipino inventors continue to create
solutions based on the country's unique challenges.
MODULE 8
Activity 1 Watch the Video "[Link]
Heidegger: The Question Concerning Technology.
After watching the video:
1.) Write down the learning insights you get from it.
- The video explains that technology is not just about tools or machines.
According to the philosopher Heidegger, technology changes how we see
and understand the world. It makes us treat everything like resources—
something to be used. This way of thinking can sometimes stop us from
seeing the true beauty or meaning in things.
2.) Write your personal reflections on technology as shown in the video.
- After watching the video, I realized that we need to be careful about how
we use technology. It's useful and makes life easier, but it can also make us
forget what really matters. Sometimes, we become too focused on using
things and getting results, and we stop seeing the beauty and value in the
world around us. We should try to use technology in a good way, without
letting it control how we think or live. It’s important to stay connected to
nature, people, and the meaning behind what we do.
Self-Assessment Questions(SAQ). Fill up the blanks.
1. Aristotle's view on technology concerns mainly on product.
2. Based from Aristotle's four Causes, the agent that makes the Silver
chalice is
silversmith.
3. Jacques Ellul is considered as the Karl Marx of the 20th century.
4. To reveal something that is concealed is called enframing
5. The philosophy attributed to Martin Heidegger is existentialism
6. To bring out something requires external force
7. Jacques Ellul is an advocate of technological pessimism.
Write True or False
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
8. Technology lowers the quality of relationships because by reducing
personal interactions. - TRUE
9. Technology promotes fast communications. - TRUE
10. Technology is a continuous process. Hence, the unconcealed is
brought to unconcealment. - TRUE
MODULE 9
Diagnostic Test
Instructions: Answer the following questions:
Johannes Gutenberg 1. Who invented the printing press?
1440 2. When was the printing press invented?
Harvard Mark 1 3. What device first compiled actuarial tables, did
engineering calculations, and served as computers?
Alan Turing 4. Who is the Father of the Computer Age?
Government Code and Cipher School 5. What electromechanical machine enabled
the British to read all daily German Naval Enigma traffic?
Bombe 6. What machine can solve any problem and perform any task from a
written program?
Dado Banatao 7. Who is the Filipino engineer who created the new silicon chip
Federico Faggin 8. Who built a simple compute with around 8080
microprocessors that were hooked up to a keyboard and television?
Apple 1 9. What did Steve Jobs call the compute described in no. 8?
Bill Gates 10. Who is the creator of Microsoft?
ACTIVITY 1. Documentary Film Viewing and Reflection
Instructions: Watch the 2018 documentary The Internet Revolution and Digital
Future Technology on YouTube ([Link]
v=V9xZFZO7USA)
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
Then, write a short essay of 300-500 words on the topic, "What is the
impact of the information revolution on my learning in school?"
The information revolution, driven by the internet and digital
technology, has significantly changed how I learn in school.
One major impact is the easy access to information. With just a few
clicks, I can find answers to questions, watch educational videos, and read
articles on various topics. This helps me understand lessons better and
allows me to learn at my own pace.
Online learning platforms have also become essential. During times
when attending school physically isn't possible, these platforms enable me to
continue my studies from home. They offer interactive lessons, quizzes, and
forums where I can discuss topics with classmates and teachers.
Communication has improved as well. I can easily reach out to my teachers
through emails or messaging apps to ask questions or seek clarification.
Group projects are more manageable since we can collaborate online, share
documents, and work together in real-time.
However, there are challenges. Not everyone has equal access to
devices or a stable internet connection, which can hinder learning.
Additionally, the abundance of information online requires me to be critical
and discerning to avoid misinformation.
To conclude, the information revolution has made learning more
accessible, flexible, and interactive. While it presents some challenges, the
benefits it brings to my education are undeniable.
Assignment. Metacognitive Reading Report
Instructions: Watch the TED talk Why the World Needs WikiLeaks on YouTube
([Link] Then, complete the
metacognitive reading report format below:
1.) Difficult Concepts
a. Whistleblowers - Understanding how individuals risk their safety to
share secret information for the public good.
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies
b. Encryption - Grasping how WikiLeaks uses complex methods to protect the
identity of information sources.
c. Impact of Leaks - Comprehending how releasing hidden information can
influence governments and societies.
2.) Learning Insight
a. Before watching the video, I thought that sharing secret information from
the government or powerful groups was always wrong and dangerous.
However, after watching the video, I now understand that in some situations,
sharing the truth is important to help people know what is really going on.
WikiLeaks shows that when people hide things that harm others, it can be
brave and helpful to bring those things to light. It made me realize that
telling the truth can lead to justice and protect human rights.
b. Before watching the video, I believed only professional journalists or news
stations could find and report hidden truths.
However, after watching the video, I learned that regular people, with the
help of safe platforms like WikiLeaks, can also take action. If someone sees
something wrong, they can safely share information that might make a
difference. This makes me feel that anyone can help create change, not just
the media.
c. Before watching the video, I assumed that leaked information didn’t really
change
anything and would be quickly forgotten.
However, after watching the video, I realized that exposing secrets,
especially those that affect many lives, can lead to big changes. People start
to ask questions, governments feel pressure to explain their actions, and the
public becomes more aware. The impact is stronger than I thought, it can
shape laws, change leaders, and protect people from harm.
3.) Discussion Questions
a. How does WikiLeaks ensure the safety and anonymity of its sources?
b. What are the potential risks and benefits of making classified information
public?
c. In what ways can whistleblowing contribute to a more transparent and
accountable society?
Alcaria, Ma. Ruth FM 1- Science and Technology
C. 1 Studies