Study 1

Main Citation:
Shidiqie, N., Nugroho, A., & Faristiana, A. R. (2023). Perubahan Sosial dan Pengaruh
Media Sosial Tentang Peran Instagram dalam Membentuk Identitas Diri
Remaja. Simpati, 1(3), 98–112. [Link]

In-text Citation: (Shidiqie et al., 2023)

[No Access]

A study conducted by Shidiqie et al., 2023, examines the impact of Instagram on

adolescent self-identity, revealing significant influence on self-image, social norms,
and beauty standards, aiming to analyze social changes that occur in the context of
Instagram use and their influence on the formation of adolescent self-identity. This
research uses a literature study research method where the data used comes from
journals, articles, the internet, literature reviews containing the material studied. The
results of this study show that Instagram has a significant influence in shaping
adolescent self-identity. Teenagers have the opportunity to build and manage their self
image through the photos and content they upload on this platform. Instagram use also
affects social norms and beauty standards of teens. Teenagers are often influenced by
images uploaded by peers, celebrities, or influencers who are considered ideal models.
This can lead to social pressure for adolescents to conform to these standards, both in
physical appearance and lifestyle.

Study 2 [Maybe Less Relevant]

Main Citation:
Hunaifi, N., Mauliana, P., Firmansyah, R., Komalasari, Y., Sulastriningsih, R. D., &
Kesuma Dewi, S. W. (2024). Dampak Media Sosial terhadap Perilaku Konsumtif
Remaja di Era Digital. Tabsyir, 5(3), 161–174.
[Link]

In-text Citation:
(Hunaifi et al., 2024)

[No Access]

A study conducted by Hunaifi et al., 2024, examines the impact of social media on
teenage consumer behavior, revealing significant influence from targeted ads,
influencers, and content using systematic literature review method. Results of this
paper suggest that intensive use of social media is linked to an increase in unhealthy
and excessive consumer behaviour among teenagers. Targeted advertisements along
with the presence and content of social media influencers are major factors that affect
teenagers’ consumer choices.
Study 3

Main Citation:
Lin, F. (2024). The Impact of Social Media Use on Adolescents’ Celebrity Worship.
Interdisciplinary Humanities and Communication Studies, 1(10).
[Link]

In-text Citation:
(Lin, 2024)

[No Access]

A study conducted by Lin, 2024, examines the relationship between social media use
and celebrity worship. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 157
Chinese adolescents aged 14 to 24. The study measured the participants’ use of social
media and degree of celebrity worship using the Celebrity Worship Scale (CWS) and
the Social Media Use Integration Scale (SMUIS). The results show a strong positive
correlation between adolescents’ use of social media and their admiration for
celebrities. This study indicated a potential decrease in celebrity worship as
adolescents mature and that male adolescents tend to use social media more
frequently than female adolescents, highlighting gender disparity in social media
usage patterns.

Study 4:

Main Citation:
Quan, L., & Zhang, Y. (2024). Who You Follow Determines How You Eat? : Effects
of Traditional Celebrities and Influencers on Social Media on Internalization of
Beauty Ideals, Self-Photo Manipulation, and Eating Disorders. The Journal of the
Korea Contents Association. [Link]

In-text Citation:
Quan & Zhang, 2024

[No Access]

A study conducted by Quan & Zhang, 2024, investigates the impact of exposure to
idealized images of celebrities and influencers on social media on adult women,
specifically focusing on the internalization of beauty ideals, self-photo manipulation,
and eating disorders. A total of 288 women participated, and the research design
involved surveying adult women online to investigate the effects of social media
exposure to celebrities and influencers on beauty ideals, self-photo manipulation, and
eating disorders. The key findings indicate that exposure to photos of traditional
celebrities, fitness influencers, and beauty/fashion influencers on social media
positively influenced the internalization of ideal beauty standards. Only exposure to
photos of fitness influencers was found to affect self-photo manipulation. The
internalization of ideal beauty directly impacted eating disorders and also intensified
them through self-photo manipulation. The research validates the relationship
between celebrity-related activities on social media and eating disorders.

Study 5

Main Citation:
Bauer, J. K. (2020). The Effects of Instagram Influencers and Appearance
Comparisons on Body Appreciation, Internalization of Beauty Ideals and Self Esteem
in Women. [Link]

In-text Citation:
(Bauer, 2020)

[Access is there]

The study conducted by Bauer, 2020, investigated how exposure to thin bodies on
different (social) media platforms affect body appreciation, internalization of beauty
ideals, and self-esteem in female and non-binary participants. A total of 116
participants were randomly assigned. to one of three conditions: exposure to content
from a) Instagram influencers, b) models in magazines, or c) peers. Participants
completed an online survey, answering questions about their feelings towards the
women depicted in the media content as well as appearance comparison tendencies,
body appreciation, self-esteem, internalization of body ideals, and BMI. Findings
indicate that the internalization of body ideals varied significantly depending on the
exposure group, Participants in the peer group showed significantly lower mean
internalization of beauty ideals compared to those in the model group but No
significant difference in internalization was found between the influencer group and
either the peer or model groups. The amount of time participants spent on social
media daily was significantly related to the internalization of body ideals. Individuals
who spent more time on social media (2 or more hours) reported higher
internalization scores compared to those who spent less time. A significant positive
relationship was found between the difference in participants' actual and ideal BMI
and their mean internalization of beauty ideal scores. There were significant mean
differences in how attainable participants believed the body type of the women
depicted to be across the experimental conditions. Significant differences were found
between the model and peer conditions, with peer images being perceived as more
attainable than model images. No significant differences in attainability were found
between the influencer and peer conditions, nor between the influencer and magazine
conditions. No significant differences were found across groups regarding the extent
to which participants wished their body looked like the women in the images.
Furthermore, Participants reported comparing themselves to Instagram influencers
significantly more than to models in magazines.. They also reported comparing
themselves to their peers significantly more than to influencers and models. Contrary
to expectations, no significant differences were found between groups for upward or
downward comparison tendencies. This might be because influencers were perceived
as relatively attainable, leading participants not to view them as significantly 'better
off. No significant differences were found between the three experimental conditions
(influencer, model, peer) for body appreciation or self-esteem. The difference
between a participant's actual and ideal BMI was negatively associated with body
appreciation, meaning individuals less satisfied with their weight appreciated their
bodies less. Participants with lower levels of self-esteem had a greater desire to look
like the women depicted in the images
Potential Studies/Concepts that can be added in ROL/intro

1. Zozaya-Durazo, L. D., Feijoo, B., & Sádaba-Chalezquer, C. (2023). Social Media

Influencers Defined by Adolescents. [Link] (Lacks
Access)

2. The theory of Microcelebrities (For intro)

3. Tanupabrungsun, S. (2018). Microcelebrity Practices: A Cross-Platform Study

Through a Richness Framework. [Link]
article=1880&context=etd (For Intro)

Baadmein padhne ke liye

1. [Link]