Introduction to
Philosophy of the
Human Person
LESSON 3
The Human
Person as an
Embodied Spirit
1. The nature of human is seen
in the metaphysical dichotomy
between body and soul.
2. There is no dichotomy
between person’s body and
soul.
3. Of all creatures, human
beings have the unique
power to change themselves
and things for the better.
Thomas Aquinas Aristotle Plato
COMPETENCIES:
Recognize how the human body imposes
limits and possibilities for transcendence
Evaluate own limitations and the
possibilities for their transcendence
Distinguish the limitations and
possibilities for transcendence
At the end of this lesson, you will
be able to:
Define human person;
value the significant relationship of the
body and the spirit;
realize that human person has
limitations; and
transform limitations into possibilities.
ACTIVITY 2: TRAIT ME!
Write your answer in your NOTEBOOK
WHAT MAKES US HUMAN?
Explain your answer.
1. _____________________________________
2. _____________________________________
3. _____________________________________
4. _____________________________________
5. _____________________________________
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES:
MAN – It is generally and commonly
defined to represent the entire human
race.
HUMAN – refers to man as a species –
Homo sapiens or modern human beings.
For a living man, human is under the
classification of mammalia.
HUMAN BEING - A term used to separate
man from other Human Classifications
like animas.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES:
Person – refers to human being granted
recognition of certain rights, protection,
responsibilities, and dignity, above all.
The totality of an individual, possessing
awareness, self-determination and the
capacity to interact.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES:
Personhood – Human Person refers to
an individual who possess
self=awareness, self=determination,
rational mind, and the capacity to
interact with other and with
himself/herself.
IMPORTANT TERMINOLOGIES:
HUMAN NATURE – a general term
refers to the deepest and natural
behavior of a person that distinguish
human from animals. A collective trait
that formed and considered the very
essence of humanity. Nobody can
considered man without human
nature.
What is a Human Person?
What is a Human Person?
Human person is someone
with an exact origin of his/her
classification.
From the biblical perspective,
we came from Adam and Eve.
For Science, we came from an
ape under the class:
Mammalia.
What is a Human Person?
Human person is someone with an exact
origin of his/her classification.
From the biblical perspective, we came
from Adam and Eve.
For Science, we came from an ape under
the class: Mammalia.
A human person is typically with a body
which is tangible and has a three
components composed of SOUL, MIND and
SPIRIT. Also, he or she is entitled and
granted rights and privilege by the state
which he or she legally belong.
Cognitive and the Physical Self
1. The Physical Self (something
can be seen in his/her physical
appearance) which deals with
the essential features of the
human way of life or THE WHO
OF A PERSON which includes
his/her body type, strength and
appearances.
Cognitive and the Physical Self
2. The Cognitive Self
(something within and cannot
be physically seen) is the
essential components of a
human persons that deals with
THE WHAT OF A PERSON which
includes human persons’ belief,
desire, dreams, and intentions.
WHAT IS
EMBODIED SPIRIT?
Embodied spirit is an
animating core living
within each of us.
It is known to be the
driving force behind
what we actually think,
do and say.
WHAT IS EMBODIED
SPIRIT?
Spirit- This intangible
element enables us to
exercise thought,
possess awareness,
interiority, and the
capacity to reach out
to the outside world
and other persons.
WHAT IS EMBODIED
SPIRIT?
Embodiment the
representation or
expression of something
in a tangible or visible
form, enables us to do
and experience all the
things that make us
human persons.
EMBODIED SPIRIT
Embodied- materialized,
personify, epitomize,
“kumakatawan”
Embodied spirit-
inseparable union of
body and soul.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
1. SELF- AWARENESS
Refers to person having a clear
perception of oneself, including his or her
thoughts, emotions, identity, and
actions.
It is the ability of one’s consciousness
to look inward thus discovering the
presence of a self.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
1. SELF- AWARENESS
The human person is defined by a
deeper awareness that is driven by
rationality or human thought.
A person is aware of both his or her
surroundings and himself or herself.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
1. SELF- AWARENESS
This awareness gives rise to the
notion of the “self,” which the
philosophers describe as the person
who is actively aware that he or she
is perceiving and experiencing reality.
We experience interiority, that is,
the quality of being focused on one’s
inner life and identity.
Human Person as
Embodied Spirit
2. EXTERNALITY
It is the capability
of a person to
reach out and
interact with others
and the world.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
2. EXTERNALITY
The realization that we are not alone
and that there are indeed other people
around us enables us to reach out
and establish meaningful relationships
with others.
Philosophers consider man as a social
being and that a person never exist in
isolation.
Human Person as
Embodied Spirit
3. SELF
DETERMINATION
It refers to the capability
of persons to make
choices and decisions
based on their own
preferences, monitor and
regulate their actions, and
be goal-oriented and self-
directed.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
3. SELF DETERMINATION
We are persons because we act, and we are
aware of our actions.
Free will is the capacity to choose a course of
action from various alternatives.
Consequence is the result or effect of an
action or condition. Philosophers believe that
a person acts freely and with due regard for the
consequences of his or her actions.
Morality is the “goodness or badness” of an
act.
Human Person as
Embodied Spirit
4. DIGNITY
It is the innate right to
be valued and respected.
Philosophers consider all
humans as having an
inherent worth or value.
Human Person as
Embodied Spirit
4. DIGNITY
Each person is worth the
same as another person
in the sense that every
person is priceless,
unique, unrepeatable and
irreplaceable.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
4. DIGNITY
Dignity is defined by outside factors like
intelligence, beauty, skills, etc.
A person retains his dignity in spite of his or
her actions or behavior.
Human dignity is rooted in the nature of
human.
It means that a person has dignity simply
because of the fact that he is human.
Human Person as Embodied
Spirit
4. DIGNITY
Dignity also dives us to seek what is
good.
Doing good deeds upholds and
promotes dignity of the human person.
This recognition of dignity is also the
basis for the recognition of human rights.
LIMITATIONS OF THE HUMAN
PERSON
The ability to surpass
limits is called
Transcendence, and
it is also one
important trait that
distinguishes the
human person from
other beings in
existence.
TRANSCENDENCE
As human persons, we have
natural tendencies or
inclinations. Some of these are
felt bodily functions like hunger,
fatigue, etc.
Transcendence means
overcoming oneself or being in
control even if the body reminds
us of certain tendencies.
TRANSCENDENCE
Although these tendencies are
felt, the person can govern them
and ensure that they are
exercised within the bounds of
reason.
TRANSCENDENCE
Each individual carries within himself the possibility of
transcending his limits by exerting enough effort and
perseverance.
Philosophy gives us useful tools to explore our limits and
possibilities.
The essence of transcendence is to acknowledge our
limitations, identify possibilities for development and change
ourselves for the better.
Opening yourself to new experiences and ideas is another
aspect of transcendence.
Our capacity for transcendence gives us
the opportunity to work toward becoming
better versions of ourselves.
TRANSCENDENCE
“It is through our limitations that possibilities
become real.”
The body limits us.
Unlike birds that can fly, we have no wings
to make us fly.
But with creative minds, we invented jets
and planes to make us fly even farther than
any bird.
KEYPOINTS
Transcendence is a
state of existence or
experience above and
Embodied spirit is As an embodied spirit ,
beyond the normal or
the driving force of the human person
physical level within
what we think, do, demonstrates self-
ourselves.
and say. awareness, externality,
self-determination, and
dignity.
In an embodied spirit, Our capacity for
the body is not As human beings we transcendence gives
separated from the have the unique us the opportunity to
soul, just as the soul power to change our work toward
is not separated from selves and things for becoming better
the body. the better. versions of ourselves.
Rubrics:
Creativity 30%
Explanation 30%
Punctuality 20%
Cleanliness 20%
Total of 100%
Drawing/Picture Requirements
[Link] you draw a picture of yourself or printed picture.
[Link] may put your head to some popular superhero or with
an elegant/formal attire body.
[Link] and paste it in a cardboard/illustration board.
[Link] sure you create a stand so that your caricature could
stand on its own.
[Link] least a 12 inches size of height for your stand
[Link] your picture as you being a HUMAN PERSON, and
why did you choose such Superhero Character or a
Respective Person.