8/10/25, 6:11 PM Abstraction & Layering - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Digital Communications Questions and Answers –
Abstraction and Layering
This set of Digital Communications Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Abstraction and layering”.
1. Top layer is
a) Physical media
b) Application
c) Design
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Top layer is application where as bottom layer is physical media.
2. Entities also does
a) Error correction
b) A/D
c) D/A
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Entities also does A/D, D/A, encryption and error correction.
3. In channel, delay is
a) Fixed
b) Variable
c) Fixed & Variable
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
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Answer: c
Explanation: In channel, delay can be either fixed or variable.
4. Channel can provide connectivity to
a) Point to point
b) 1 to many
c) Many to many
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Channel can provide connectivity between point to point, 1 to many and also many to
many.
5. Embedding is a form of
a) Abstraction
b) Layering
c) Entity sharing
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Embedding is a form of layering.
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6. Transmission media is
a) Acoustic
b) Guided
c) Optical
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Transmission media can be acoustic, electronic or optical form.
7. In transmission media, the symbol type is generally
a) Analog
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b) Digital
c) Analog & Digital
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: In transmission media, the symbol type is generally analog signals.
8. Noise is _____ in nature.
a) Random
b) Systematic
c) Random or Systematic
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Noise can be random or systematic.
9. The radiation loss increases as
a) Frequency increases
b) Frequency decreases
c) Does not depend on frequency
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: The radiation loss increases as frequency increases.
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10. Attenuation is a function of
a) Channel length
b) Transmission media
c) Signal frequencies
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Attenuation is a function of channel length, transmission media and signal frequencies.
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8/10/25, 6:12 PM Protocols - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Digital Communications Questions and Answers –
Protocols
This set of Digital Communications Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on
“Protocols”.
1. Protocol is a set of
a) Formats
b) Procedures
c) Formats & Procedures
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Protocol is a set of procedures and formats that entities use to communicate
information.
2. The time required to transmit frame depends on
a) Frame size
b) Channel capacity
c) Frame size & Channel capacity
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The time to transmit frame is given by the ratio of frame size and channel capacity.
3. Window given the number of
a) Bytes
b) Frames
c) Bytes & Frames
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
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8/10/25, 6:12 PM Protocols - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Answer: c
Explanation: Window gives the number of frames or bytes that can be in transit unacknowledged.
4. Routing is
a) Static
b) Dynamic
c) Static & Dynamic
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Routing can be static and dynamic.
5. Routing is performed only centrally.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Routing is performed centrally and also in fully distributed way.
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6. Which is connection oriented and which is connection-less?
a) Datagrams, virtual circuits
b) Virtual circuits, datagrams
c) Datagrams
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Datagram is connection-less and virtual circuits are connection oriented.
7. Which uses UDP?
a) Echo
b) Time
c) Domain name server
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d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The protocols using UDP are echo, time, domain name server, network file system etc.
8. Which uses TCP?
a) Simple mail transfer protocol
b) Simple network management protocol
c) Simple mail transfer & network management protocol
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Some of the protocols using TCP are http, telnet, file transfer protocol, simple mail
transfer protocol etc.
9. Which tells about low level transmission and framing?
a) V series
b) X series
c) G series
d) Q series
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: G series tells about level transmission, modulation and framing.
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10. Which tells about signalling?
a) V series
b) X series
c) G series
d) Q series
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Q series tells about signalling.
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM Random Process - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Digital Communications Questions and Answers –
Random Processes
This set of Digital Communications Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “Random
processes”.
1. Which method is much better and efficient?
a) Vector quantization
b) Scalar quantization
c) Vector & Scalar quantization
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Vector quantization will always equal or exceed the performance of scalar quantization.
2. Analog source coding method are
a) Temporal waveform coding
b) Spectral waveform coding
c) Model based coding
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: Three types of analog source coding methods are temporal waveform coding, spectral
waveform coding and model based coding.
3. The source output in PCM and DPCM is quasi stationary.
a) True
b) False
View Answer
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM Random Process - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Answer: b
Explanation: The source output of PCM and DPCM and stationary in nature.
4. Which reduces the dynamic range of quantization noise in PCM?
a) Non uniform quantizer
b) Uniform quantizer
c) Adaptive quantizer
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Adaptive quantizer reduces the dynamic range of quantization noise in PCM and DPCM.
5. The type of distortion which occurs in delta modulation is
a) Slope overload distortion
b) Granular noise
c) Slope overload distortion & Granular noise
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: The two types of distortion that occurs in delta modulation are slope overload
distortion and granular noise.
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6. Binomial distribution deals with
a) Continuous random variable
b) Discrete random variable
c) Continuous & Discrete random variable
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Binomial distribution deals with discrete random variable.
7. In poisson distribution mean is ______ variance.
a) Greater than
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM Random Process - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
b) Lesser than
c) Equal to
d) Does not depend on
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: In poisson distribution, variance is nearly same or equal to mean of the distribution.
8. Stochastic process are
a) Random in nature
b) Are function of time
c) Random in nature and are a function of time
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Stochastic process are random in nature and are a function of time.
9. Stochastic processes are
a) Strict sense stationary process
b) Wide sense stationary process
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Stochastic process is a wide sense stationary process.
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM Random Process - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
10. Gaussian process is a
a) Wide sense stationary process
b) Strict sense stationary process
c) All of the mentioned
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: If Gaussian process is a wide sense stationary process then it will also be strict sense
stationary process.
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM ISDN & Interface - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
Digital Communications Questions and Answers –
ISDN and Interface
This set of Digital Communications Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “ISDN and
interface”.
1. ISDN integrates speech and data on
a) Different lines
b) Same lines
c) Different & Same lines
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Integrated services for digital domain integrates speech and data signals on the same
lines.
2. ISDN is a
a) Packet switched network
b) Circuit switched telephone network
c) Packet switched & Circuit switched telephone network
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: ISDN is a circuit switched telephone network which also provides access to packet
switched network.
3. Circuit switched connection is provided for
a) Voice
b) Data
c) Voice & Data
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d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: Circuit switched connection can be provided for either voice or data.
4. Packet switched connection is provided for
a) Voice
b) Data
c) Voice & Data
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: Packet switched connection can be provided only for data.
5. Channel bonding provides
a) Higher data rate
b) Lower data rate
c) Does not affect data rate
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: Channel bonding can achieve higher data rate.
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6. U-interface is the two wire interface between
a) Computing device and terminal adapter
b) Terminal adapter and exchange unit
c) Exchange unit and network terminating unit
d) Computing device and exchange unit
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: U-interface is the two wire connection or interface between exchange unit and network
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terminating unit.
7. T interface is the serial interface between
a) Computing device and terminal adapter
b) Terminal adapter and exchange unit
c) Exchange unit and network terminating unit
d) Computing device and exchange unit
View Answer
Answer: a
Explanation: T interface is the serial interface between computing device and terminal adapter.
8. S-interface is a _______ bus.
a) Two wire bus
b) Four wire bus
c) Single wired bus
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: b
Explanation: The S interface is a four wire bus that ISDN consumer devices plug into.
9. The services provided by ISDN
a) Bearer service
b) Teleservice
c) Secondary service
d) All of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: d
Explanation: The services provided by ISDN and classified by attributes are bearer service, teleservice
and secondary service.
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8/10/25, 6:13 PM ISDN & Interface - Digital Communications Questions and Answers - Sanfoundry
10. Attributes of ISDN have
a) Definition
b) Allowable values
c) Definition & Allowable values
d) None of the mentioned
View Answer
Answer: c
Explanation: ISDN services are characterized by attributes and attributes have definition and
allowable values.
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Questions and Answers.
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