Montain Ranges in India

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 Montain Ranges in India

Mountains
Mountains are significant relief features of the second order on the earth's surface. These are
such highlands whose slopes are steep and the peaks are pointed. Generally, the mountains are
more than 1,000 m of height. The mountains whose height is less than 1,000 m are called hills.
The highest point of a mountain or a hill is called its peak. A mountain range is a system of
mountains and hills having several ridges, peaks, summits and valleys, formed in a particular
period and spread in a narrow belt. A mountain chain consists of several parallel, long and
narrow mountain ranges of different periods. Sometimes, mountain ranges are separated by flat
uplands or plateau. A mountain system consists of different mountain ranges of the same period.
A mountain group consists of several unsystematic patterns of different mountain systems
belonging to different periods. Cordillera consists of several mountain groups and systems. The
mountainous region of the western part of North America, along the pacific coast is the best
example of cordillera.

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 Montain Ranges in India

Classification of Mountains
Fold Mountains: These mountains are the result
of compressive forces, triggered by the
endogenetic forces. When the rocks on the
surface of the earth are folded due to the forces
generated within the earth, the resultant
mountains are called Fold Mountains. These are
the highest and most extensive mountains of the
world. These mountains are characterized by
more developed system of anticlines and
synclines wherein folds are arranged in a wave-
like pattern. The Himalayas Alps, Ural, Rockies,
Andes, Atlas etc. are some examples of Fold
Mountains.

Block Mountains: These mountains originate

due to the forces of tension (tensile forces)
leading to the formation of rift valleys. These are
also known as Fault Block Mountains, as they
are the result of faulting caused by tensile
forces. Block Mountains represent the
upstanding parts of the ground between two
faults on either side of a rift valley or a graven.
Yet another name given to block mountains is
Horst Mountains. Sierra Nevada mountain of
California, USA, is considered to be the most
extensive block mountains are Wasatch Range
in the Utah province of USA, Vosges and Black
Forest mountains of Europe. Rhine valley is formed due to submergence of its middle part. Salt
Range of Pakistan Satpura is also an example of Block Maintain.

Accumulated Mountains: These mountains are formed due to accumulation of lava and other
ejected materials in the process of volcanism. Therefore, these are also called volcanic
mountains. Fujiyama of Japan and Cotopaxi of Equator are its examples.
Relict Mountains: These are formed from already existing mountains which are lowered or
reduced by agents of denudation such as running water, ice and wind. These mountains are
also called residual mountains. Vindhyas, Aravallis, Satpura, Eastern Ghats, Western Ghats,
Parasnath etc. are relict mountains.

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 Montain Ranges in India
List of the prominent Mountain Ranges in India
A Mountain Range is a sequential chain or series of mountains or hills with similarity in form,
structure and alignment that have arisen from the same cause usually a progeny
Great Himalaya Range
 Rising more than 22000 feet above sea level and with the stretch of over 1200 miles along
India’s northern border.
 It has Kanchenjunga, the third highest peak in the world.

Middle Himalaya Range

 An elevation of about 5000 to 20000 feet above sea level.
 There are two major mountain ranges in the middle Himalaya the Pir Panjal Range and
Dhauladhar Range.
Outer Himalaya / shivalik Range
 Consists of valleys and hills that rise no more than about 5000 feet above sea level.
 A large part of the range is located in Himachal Pradesh.
Trans-Himalaya/Karakoram Range
 Has eight peaks over 24600 feet in height and its elevation rarely falls below 18045 feet.
 The tallest peask, k2 lies here.
Trans-Himalaya Ladakh Range
 The peaks in this range are about 16400 to 19700 feet above sea level.
 The most famous of these is khardung La lies here.
Trans-Himalaya/Zanskar Range
 It has many rising more than 19500 feet above sea level.
 The tallest are the twin peaks of Nun and kun.

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 Montain Ranges in India
Garhwal Himalayan Range
 Located in the state of Uttarakhand.
 The crowning glory of Garhwal is the beautiful Nanda Devi
Purvanchal Range
 The average height of peaks in this range is about 9845 feet above sea level.
 The highest is the Dapha Bum.
Aravalli Range
 About 80 percent of it is situated in Rajasthan.
 The highest peak is Guru Shikhar at Mount Abu.
Western Ghats
 Made up of multiple mountain ranges, with more than 70 peaks.
 Varying in height from 1713 feet to 8842 feet above sea level.
Eastern Ghats
 It has peaked over 3280 feet above sea level though, mainly in the Maliya Range in Odisha
and Madugula Konda Range in Andhra Pradesh.
 The highest is Jindhagada Peak in Andhra Pradesh, with an elevation of 5545 feet.
Vindhya Range
 The general elevation of the Vindhya Range is around 980-2100 feet above sea level, with
peaks rarely going over 2300 feet.
 The tallest is Kalumar Peak.
Satpura Range
 It extends for about 560 miles.
 The highest one is Dhupgarh at 4400 feet above the sea level.

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 Montain Ranges in India

Mountains, hills, mountain ranges and respective states of

India
 Gadwin Austin Peak (K-2) – Jammu and Kashmir
 Kangchenjunga – Sikkim
 Karakoram, Kailas Range – India and China
 Lakha Range - India (Jammu)
 ZASKAR CATEGORY – JAMMU KASHMIR
 Pir Panjal Category – JAMMU KASHMIR
 Nanga Parvat – JAMMU KASHMIR
 Nanda Devi – Uttaranchal
 Dhaulagiri -Nepal
 Guru Yoga – Rajasthan
 Mount Everest – Nepal
 Khasi, Jaintia, Garo Hills – Assam-Meghalaya
 Naga Hills - Nagaland
 Aravalli Range – Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi
 Mount Abu – Rajasthan
 Vindhyachal Range – Madhya Pradesh
 Satpura - Madhya Pradesh
 Mahadev Hill – Madhya Pradesh
 Rajmahal Hill - Jharkhand
 Satmala Hills - Maharashtra
 Ajanta Range – Maharashtra
 Mahendragiri Hills – Odisha
 Mahabaleshwar Hills – Maharashtra
 Neil Pahari Hills – Tamilnadu
 Annamalai Hill – Kerala
 Chota Nagpur Plateau – Jharkhand
 Dodabetta – Kerala, Tamil Nadu
 Cardamom Hills – Kerala, Tamil Nadu
 Dafla Hills – Arunachal Pradesh
 Mishmi Paharia – Arunachal Pradesh
 Mikir Hills – Assam

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 Montain Ranges in India
 Lushai – Mizoram
 Kanchenjunga - Sikkim and Nepal, 8586 meters (highest mountain peak in India and the
third highest peak in the world.)
 Nanda Devi - Uttrakhand, 7816 meters (Second highest mountain peak of India and the
highest peak which is entirely in India)
 K2 or Godwin Austen, Karakoram Range (PoK) and it is the 2nd highest peak of the world
(8611 meters)
 Nokrek, Garo Hills, Meghalaya
 Guru Shikhar - Arawali Ranges (1722 meter), Mount Abu, Rajasthan and it is the highest
peak of Arawalis
 Dhupgarh - Satpura Ranges, Panchmarhi, Madhya Pradesh. It is the highest peak (1350
meter) of both Satpura and Madhya Pradesh.
 Mahendragiri- Orissa. It is the 2nd highest peak (1501 meter) of Eastern Ghats.
 Jindhagada- Andhra Pradesh. It is the highest peak of Eastern Ghats.
 Kalsubai - Western Ghats, Maharashtra. It is the highest peak (4446 meter) of
Maharashtra.
 Anamudi - Western Ghats, Kerala. It is the highest peak (2696 meter) of both the Western
Ghats and the mountain ranges in Southern India.
 Doddabetta - Nilgiri Mountains, Tamil Nadu. It is the highest peak (2637 meter) of Nilgiris
and Tamil Nadu.
 Agasthyamalai, Western Ghats, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu. It is the southernmost point of
Western Ghats.
 Saddle Peak, Andaman & Nicobar Islands. It is the highest peak of the archipelago in the
Bay of Bengal.

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 Montain Ranges in India
Major mountain ranges of the world
Name Location Highest point
1 Cordillera de Los Andes Western s America Aconcagua
2 Rockies Western n America Mt. Albert
3 Himalaya Karakoram Hindukush South Central Asia Mt. Everest
4 Great dividing range Eastern Australia Mt Kosciuszka
5 Trans Antarctica mountains Antarctica Mt Vinson massif
6 Tien Shan South central Asia Pike Poveda
7 Altai Central Asia Gora Belukhe

8 Ural Central Russia Gora Narodnaya

9 Kamchatka Eastern Russia Kluchevskoya Sopka

10 Atlas N-w Africa Jewel Toubkal

11 Verkhoyansk Eastern Russia Gora Mus Khaya

12 Western Ghats Western India Anaimudi

13 Sierra Madre oriental Mexico Orizaba
14 Zagros Iran Zard kuh
15 Elburz Iran Demaband

16 Scandinavian range Western Norway Galdopiggen

17 Western sierra Madre Mexico Nevado de Colima

18 Drakensberg S-e Africa Dwanayentalenyana
Mt. Elbrus (Western
19 Caucasus Russia
Peak)
Mt. Mckinely (southern
20 Alaska range Alaska, USA
peak)
21 Cascade range USA-Canada Mt. Rainier
22 Apennine Italy Corno Grande
Eastern USA-
23 Appalachian Mt. Michel
Canada
24 Alps Central Europe Mt. Blanc
25 Sierra Madre del Sur Mexico Teotepec

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 Montain Ranges in India

अभ्‍
यास प‍रश्‍‍ (d) daputaxk‍/ Kanchenjunga

1. ‍
7. fuEufyf[kr esa dkSu&lh fgeky; ioZr dh ioZr
‍‍‍‍The mountain situated on the northern border pksVh vle jkT; esa fLFkr gS\
of India is ‍‍‍‍Which of the following mountain peaks of the
(a) ‍/ Aravali Himalayas is located in the state of Assam?
(b) ‍/ Himalaya (a) uUnk nsoh‍/ Nanda Devi
(c) ‍/ Eucalyptus (b) ukEpkckjos/ Namchabarwe
(d) ‍/ Maikal (c) /kkSykfxfj / Dhaulagiri
2. ‍ (d) daputaxk / Kanchenjunga
‍‍‍‍One of the main types of Himalayan Mountains 8. fgeky; dh mRifRr fdl Hkw&mUufr ls gqbZ gS\‍
is-
‍‍‍‍Himalayas originated with which land
(a) ‍ / Of the volcanic elevation?
mountain
(a) VsFkht/ Tethys
(b) ‍/ Mount of Valit
(b) [Link]ãk / Indobrahma
(c) ‍/ Black Mountain
(d) ‍/ Residual mountain (c) ihjiatky / Pirpanjal

3. ‍ (d) f’kokfyd‍/ Shivalik

‍‍‍‍Which is the highest mountain peak in India? 9. fgeky; dk ikn izns’k (Foothill Regions)‍fuEu
(a) ‍/ Godwin Austin esa ls fdl uke ls tkuk tkrk gS\‍
(b) ‍/ Commet ‍‍‍‍The Foothill regions of Himalayas are known by
(c) ‍/ Nandakota which of the following?
(d) ‍/ Nandadevi (a) VªkUl fgeky;‍/ Trans Himalaya
4. (b) egku fgeky; / Great Himalaya
‍‍‍‍The highest mountain peak of the Himalayas in
(c) ihjiatky‍/ Pirpanjal
India is-
(a) / Nanda Devi (d) f’kokfyd‍/ Shivalik
(b) ‍/ Nanda Parbat 10. uanknsoh fLFkr gS- ‍
(c) कंच जंगा‍/ Kanchenjunga ‍‍‍‍Nanda Devi is located in-
(d) ‍/ Dhaulagiri (a) fgekpy izns’k esa / Himachal Pradesh
5. (b) mRrjk[k.M esa / Uttarakhand
Which mountain range of India is the latest? (c) usiky esa / Nepal
(a) / Sahyadri (b) / Aravalli (d) flfDde esa‍/ Sikkim
(c) / Himalaya (d) / Satpura 11. cnzhukFk vofLFkr gS& ‍
6. fuEufyf[kr esa dkSu Hkkjr dk lokZsPp ioZr f'k[kj ‍‍‍‍Badrinath is located in-
gS\ ‍ (a) dqekÅ¡ fgeky; esa‍ / In the Kumaon
‍‍‍‍Which among the following is the highest Himalayas
mountain peak of India? (b) e/; fgeky; esa / In the Central
(a) ,ojsLV/ Everest Himalayas
(b) uaxkioZr‍/ Nanga Parbat (c) fgeknzh esa / Himadri
(c) uUnk nsoh / Nanda Devi (d) Vªkal fgeky; esa / Trans Himalaya

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 Montain Ranges in India
12. lwph-‍I dh lwph-‍II ls lqesfyr dhft,& ‍ (a) xkMfou vkfLVu‍/ Gadwin Austin
‍‍‍ Match List-I with List-II. (b) daputaxk / Kanchenjunga
lwph- I List-I ‍‍‍‍‍‍ lwph‍- II List-II (c) uUnknsoh ioZr‍/ Nanda Devi Mountain
(a) iatkc] fgeky;/ 1. lryt rFkk dkyh (d) uaxk ioZr / Nanga Parbat
Punjab, Himalaya ds e/;@ Between 15. dkjkdksje ioZr [Link] dk iwoZ uke gS& ‍
Sutlej and kali ‍‍‍‍The former name of the Karakoram mountain
(b) dqek;w¡fgeyk;j / 2. frLrk rFkk fngkax range is-
Kumaon Himalaya‍ ds e/;@ Between (a) ds&2 [Link] / k-2 category
Teesta (b) Ñ".kkfxjh‍/ Krishnagiri
and Dihang (c) lkxjekFkk‍/ Sagarmatha
(c) usiky fgeky; / 3. flU/kq rFkk lryt (d) jkdkiks’kh‍/ Rakaposhi
Nepal Himalaya ds e/; 16. fgeky; [Link] esa feyus okyh [Link] rFkk vuqnS/;Z
‍ Between Indus
and Sutlej
¼yEch½?kkfV;ksa dks fdl uke ls tkuk tkrk gS\
‍‍‍‍By which name are the narrow and long-term
(d) vle fgeky;‍ / 4. dkyh rFkk frLrk ds valleys found in the Himalayan Range region
Assam Himalaya e/; /Between known?
Kali and Teesta (a) द ू ‍/ Doon
(b) चोस प‍/ Chus
कूट: a b c d
a 3 1 4 2 (c) दआ
ु र‍/ Duar
b 3 4 2 1 (d) मगग‍/ Marg
c 1 2 3 4
17.
d 4 3 2 1 ‍

13. ; esa fge js[kk (Snow line) fuEu ds chp

gksrh gS& ‍ What are the small grasslands found on the
‍‍‍‍The snow line in the Himalayas is between the slopes of the small Himalayan range called in
following- Jammu and Kashmir?
(a) 5400 ls 6000 ehVj iwoZ esa / 5400 to 6000 (a) / Marg
m. in the past (b) / Bugyal
(b) 4000 ls 5800 ehVj if’pe esa / 4000 to (c) / Payar
5800 m. in the west (d) / Duar
(c) 4500 ls 6000 ehVj iwoZ esa / 4500 to 6000 18.
m. in the past
(d) 4500 ls 6000 ehVj if’pe esa / 4500 to
‍
6000 m. in the west
‍‍‍‍What are the small grasslands found on the
14. fuEu esa ls dkSu&lh ioZr pksVh lalkj dh nwljh slopes of the small Himalayan range called in
loksZPp ioZr pksVh gS\‍ Uttarakhand? ‍
‍‍‍‍Which of the following mountain peaks is the ‍‍‍ (a) / Marg (b) / Bugyal
second highest mountain peak in the world?
(c) / Payar(d) / Duar

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 Montain Ranges in India
19. (c) / Part of Nepal
‍ Himalaya
(d) / Part of Punjab
‍‍‍‍Which regional department of the Himalayas is
Himalaya
situated between the Sutlej and Kali rivers?
24.
(a) / Punjab Himalaya
‍
(b) / Nepal Himalaya ‍‍‍‍Where is Arakanayoma, a mountain range of
(c) / Assam Himalaya Himalayas located?
(d) / Kumaon Himalaya (a) / Balochistan

20. (b) / Myanmar

(c) / Nepal
‍‍‍‍Which regional department of Himalayas is (d) / Thailand
situated between the rivers Kali and Teesta? 25.
(a) / Punjab Himalaya
(b) / Nepal Himalaya ‍‍‍
(c) / Assam Himalaya The following mountain ranges in Jammu and
Kashmir will be ranked from east to west-
(d) / Kumaon Himalaya (1) / Jaskar category
21. (2) / Pir Panjal Range
‍‍‍‍Which Himalayan peak is called Sagarmatha? (3) / Karakoram category
(a) / Nanga Parbat (4) / Ladakh Range
(b) / Dhaulagiri कूट:
(c) / Mount Everest A 4 3 1 2
B 2 1 3 4
(d) / Kanchenjunga C 3 4 1 2
D 1 2 3 4
22.
26.
Which is the highest mountain range of India?
(a) / Gadwin Austin
In what year was Mount Everest, the world's (b) / Kanchenjunga
highest mountain peak, first conquered by (c) / Nanda Devi
Edmund Hillary and Tenzing Norgay? (d) / Everest
(a) / In 1898 AD 27.
(b) / In 1953 AD ‍
(c) / 1957 A.D ‍‍‍‍The Kullu Valley is situated between the
following mountain ranges -
(d) / In 1969 A.D.
(a) / Dhauladhar
23. ‍ and Pirpanjal
‍‍‍‍Nanda Devi Peak is- (b) / Ranjyoti and
(a) / Part of Assam Nagtibba
Himalayas (c) / Ladakh and Pir
Panjal
(b) / Part of the
(d) / Middle
Kumaon Himalayas Himalayas and Shivalik

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 Montain Ranges in India
28. (c) / Ajanta
The highest mountain peak of Uttarakhand is- (d) / Sahyadri
(a) / Badrinath 33.
(b) / Kedarnath
(c) / Libido Which is the oldest mountain range in India?
(d) / Nandadevi (a) / Vindhyachal
29. ‍ (b) / Satpura
‍‍‍‍Shivalik range was created- (c) / Aravali
(a) / Eozoic (d) / Nilgiri
(b) / Paleozoic 34.
(c) / Mesozoic
(d) / Cenozoic ‍‍‍‍What is called the highest peak of the Aravalli
30. mountain?
(a) /Gurushikhar
‍‍‍‍Kanchenjunga, the second highest mountain (b) / Ser
peak of the Himalayas, is located in which state (c) / Dodabetta
of India?
(d) / Amarkantak
(a) / Assam
35.
(b) / Uttarakhand
‍‍‍‍What is the Western Ghats?
(c) / Sikkim (a) / a residue
(d) / Himachal Pradesh (b) / a bended mountain
31. (c) / a fault
‍ (d) / A volcanic
‍‍‍‍Which of the following is the oldest mountain mountain
range?
36.
(a) / Himalaya
‍
(b) / Aravalli ‍‍‍‍Which of the following ranges is also known as
(c) / Vindhya 'Sahyadri'?
(a) / Satpura
(d) / Satpura
(b) ‍/ Western Ghats
32. (c) / Eastern Ghats
(d) / Aravali
37.
‍ ‍‍‍‍The highest mountain peak in peninsular India
is-
‍‍‍‍Which of the following mountain ranges in India
(a) / Anaimudi
is spread across three mountains that border
(b) / Dodabetta
India and Myanmar in only one state?
(c) / Mahendagiri
(a) / Aravali
(d) / Nilgiri
(b) / Satpura

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 Montain Ranges in India
38. ‍‍‍ The Garo, Khasi and Jaintia hills are located in
which state?
-‍ ‍
(a) मेघालय‍/ Meghalaya
‍‍‍‍The conference place of Eastern Ghats and
Western Ghats mountain ranges is- (b) / Manipur
(a) / Palani hill (c) / Tripura
(b) / Nilgiri Hills (d) / Assam
(c) / Annamalai Hill 44.
(d) / Shevarai hill
39. ‍‍‍‍Which is the highest mountain peak in South
India?
‍
(a) / Anaimudi
‍‍‍‍Which of the following hills is located in the
southernmost part of India? (b) / Dodabetta
(a) / Nilgiri (c) / Mahendragiri
(b) / Cardamom (d) / Dhupgarh
(c) / Palani 45.
(d) / Annamalai ‍
40. ‍‍‍‍The three mountain ranges that define the
‍‍‍‍
The highest peak of the Eastern Ghats border between India and Myanmar are-
mountain range is- (a) / Khasi,
(a) / Pachmarhi Patkoi and Arakanayoma
(b) / Mahendragiri (b) / Altai mountain
range
(c) / Dodabetta
(c) / Great dividing range
(d) / Anamudi
(d) / None of these
41.
‍‍‍‍Where is the Cardamom Hills located?
(a) / Jammu and Kashmir
(b) / Himachal Pradesh
(c) / Kerala
(d) / Maharashtra
42. ‍
‍‍‍‍Where is Girnar Hills located?
(a) / Bihar
(b) / Gujarat
(c) / Karnataka
(d) / Rajasthan
43.
‍

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 Montain Ranges in India

1. (b) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (c)

6. (d) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (d) 10. (b)

11. (a) 12. (a) 13. (d) 14. (a) 15. (b)

16. (a) 17. (a) 18. (d) 19. (d) 20. (b)

21. (c) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (b) 25. (c)

26. (a) 27. (a) 28. (d) 29. (d) 30. (c)

31. (b) 32. (c) 33. (c) 34. (a) 35. (c)

36. (b) 37. (a) 38. (b) 39. (b) 40. (b)

41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (a) 44. (a) 45. (a)

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