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Celecoxib and Emicox Overview

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever by inhibiting COX enzymes. They are indicated for various conditions including inflammatory diseases and musculoskeletal pain, and can be administered through multiple routes. However, NSAIDs carry risks of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney-related adverse effects, and are contraindicated in certain populations, particularly during the third trimester of pregnancy.

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8 views2 pages

Celecoxib and Emicox Overview

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and lower fever by inhibiting COX enzymes. They are indicated for various conditions including inflammatory diseases and musculoskeletal pain, and can be administered through multiple routes. However, NSAIDs carry risks of gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and kidney-related adverse effects, and are contraindicated in certain populations, particularly during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Uploaded by

Fatima Khalid
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

NSAIDS

Introduction:
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a class of medications used to relieve pain,
reduce inflammation, and lower fever.

Mechanism of action:
NSAIDs work primarily by inhibiting cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes, which are responsible for
converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandins and thromboxanes.

Inhibition of COX-2 is thought to lead to the anti-inflammatory and analgesic actions of NSAIDs,
whereas inhibition of COX-1 is responsible for prevention of cardiovascular events and most
adverse events.

Indications:

Indications for NSAIDS include the following:

 Inflammatory conditions
 Chronic joint disease
 Musculoskeletal pain
 Headache
 Menstrual pain
 Dental pain
 Postoperative mild to moderate pain
Route of administration:

NSAIDs are commonly administered orally, but they can also be given intravenously,
intramuscularly, or topically, depending on the specific drug and the desired effect.

Drugs:
Non-selective NSAIDs

Drug Dose Brand name


Salicylic acid derivatives:
Aspirin 1200-1500 mg tid Loprin
Diflunisal 500 mg bid Dolobid
Propionic acid derivatives:
Ibuprufen 600 mg qid Brufen
Flurbiprufen 300 mg tid Ansaid
Naproxen 375 mg bid Neoprox
Acetic acid derivatives
Indomethacin 50-70 mg tid Indocid
Diclofenac 50-75 mg qid Artifen
Enolic acid derivatives
Meloxicam 7.5-15 mg qd Mobic
Piroxicam 20 mg qd5 Feldene

COX-2 selective NSAIDs

Drug Dose Brand name


Celecoxib 100-200 mg bid Celebrex
Emicox

Adverse effects:
NSAIDs can cause a range of adverse effects, primarily affecting the gastrointestinal (GI) tract,
cardiovascular system, and kidneys.

 Gastrointestinal side effects include stomach upset, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and
ulcers.
 Cardiovascular risks include an increased risk of heart attack and stroke.
 NSAIDs can also affect kidney function, leading to fluid retention and potentially kidney
damage.

Contraindications:
NSAIDs should be avoided in individuals with a history of hypersensitivity reactions to NSAIDs or
salicylates, those undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery, during the third trimester of
pregnancy and in patients with renal failure.

Use in pregnancy:
NSAIDs are generally not recommended during the third trimester of pregnancy and are
typically classified as category B in the first and second trimesters, but category D in the third.

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