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Multi-Input XOR & XNOR Guide

This document provides a comprehensive guide on multi-input XOR and XNOR gates, detailing their definitions, truth tables, and behaviors. It distinguishes between true multi-input gates and chained gates, offering specific minterms for each configuration. Additionally, it includes exam tips and a summary table for quick reference on the rules and characteristics of these logic gates.

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16 views4 pages

Multi-Input XOR & XNOR Guide

This document provides a comprehensive guide on multi-input XOR and XNOR gates, detailing their definitions, truth tables, and behaviors. It distinguishes between true multi-input gates and chained gates, offering specific minterms for each configuration. Additionally, it includes exam tips and a summary table for quick reference on the rules and characteristics of these logic gates.

Uploaded by

burnwalvipul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Alright — let’s put everything from the very first doubt to now into one mega “no more

confusion” note with truth tables, examples, and rules.

I’ll go step-by-step so it’s complete for GATE-level depth, but in a way you can revise in 2
minutes later.

Multi-input XOR & XNOR — The Complete


Guide

1. The meaning of XOR and XNOR


 XOR (Exclusive OR)
Output is 1 if the number of 1’s in the inputs is odd.
 XNOR (Exclusive NOR)
Output is 1 if the number of 1’s in the inputs is even.

2. True multi-input gate vs chained gates


True multi-input gate:
One logic gate with all inputs connected directly to it.
Example: a 3-input XOR symbol with three input lines.

Chained gates:
Built by connecting multiple 2-input gates in sequence.

3. Truth tables for 3-input versions


True 3-input XOR — odd 1’s = 1

Minterms = 1, 2, 4, 7

# of Outp
ABC
1’s ut

000 0 0
# of Outp
ABC
1’s ut

001 1 1

010 1 1

011 2 0

100 1 1

101 2 0

110 2 0

111 3 1

True 3-input XNOR — even 1’s = 1

Minterms = 0, 3, 5, 6

# of Outp
ABC
1’s ut

000 0 1

001 1 0

010 1 0

011 2 1

100 1 0

101 2 1

110 2 1

111 3 0

4. Chained XOR & XNOR behaviour


Chained XOR

Expression:

(A \oplus B) \oplus C

XOR is associative and commutative → Chained XOR ≡ True multi-input XOR.

So chained XOR minterms = 1, 2, 4, 7 (same as true XOR).

Chained XNOR

Expression:

(A \odot B) \odot C

⚠️XNOR is not associative.


For odd number of inputs, chained XNOR actually behaves like XOR.

Truth table for chained XNOR (3 inputs):


Let’s compute step by step.

Step 1: A ⊙ B = 1 if A = B
Step 2: Take result and XNOR with C.

A ⊙ (A ⊙ B) ⊙
ABC
B C

000 1 0

001 1 1

010 0 1

011 0 0

100 0 1

101 0 0

110 1 0

111 1 1
Minterms = 1, 2, 4, 7 → same as XOR, not true XNOR.

5. How to identify in exams


1. One gate symbol with 3 input lines → True multi-input gate (use
odd/even rule).
2. Several 2-input gates connected in series → Chained version
(watch out for XNOR trick).

6. Summary Table
Input Minter
Gate Type Rule Special Note
s ms

True 3-input
3 Odd 1’s → 1 1,2,4,7 Associative
XOR

True 3-input Complement of


3 Even 1’s → 1 0,3,5,6
XNOR XOR

Same as true
Chained XOR 3 1,2,4,7 Safe
XOR

Behaves like XNOR not


Chained XNOR 3 1,2,4,7
XOR associative

7. Quick exam tips


 Odd 1’s = XOR → minterms 1247
 Even 1’s = XNOR → minterms 0356
 If drawn in chain → XOR safe, XNOR dangerous.
 XNOR chain with odd inputs = XOR, with even inputs = true XNOR.

If you want, I can add one diagram with both “true” and “chained” circuits so that when you
look, you instantly know which truth table to use.
That will make this 100% visually clear too.

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