Chapter 1
Page Number: 6
Question 1 :Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before
burning in air ?
Ans:- Magnesium is a reactive metal that reacts with oxygen in
the air to form a layer of magnesium oxide {MgO}. This layer is
white and doesn't burn easily. The layer slows down or interferes
with the burning process. Cleaning the ribbon removes the layer,
allowing it to burn effectively.
So, Magnesium ribbon should be cleaned before burning it.
Question 2: Write the balanced equation for the following
chemical reactions.
(i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride
(ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate +
Aluminium chloride
(iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Answer:
(i) H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
(ii) 3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3
(iii) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2
Question 3
Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the
following reactions :
(i) Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water
react to give insoluble barium sulphate and the solution of sodium
chloride.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric
acid solution (in water) to produce sodium chloride solution and
water.
Answer:
(i) BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq)
(ii) NaOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
Page Number: 10
Question 2 : Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test
tubes in text book Activity 1.7 (i.e., electrolysis of water) double of
the amount collected in the other? Name this gas. [CBSE 2015
(Delhi)]
Ans:-The chemical reaction involved in the electrolysis of water is
given below:
Its evident from the equation that water contains two parts of
hydrogen and one part of oxygen. Therefore, during the
electrolysis of water the amount of hydrogen gas collected in one
of the test tubes is double than that of the oxygen produced and
collected in the other test tube.
Page Number: 13
Question 1
Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an
iron nail is dipped in it ?
OR
An iron nail is dipped in the solution of copper sulphate for about
30 minutes. State the change in colour observed. Give reason for
the change. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Ans:- The color of copper sulfate solution changes from blue to
pale green when an iron nail is dipped in it because iron is more
reactive than copper. This is a displacement reaction, where the
iron displaces the copper from the solution.
Q2. Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances
which are reduced in the following reactions.
(i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
(ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l)
Ans:-
Exercise Questions
Question 4: What is a balanced chemical equation ? Why should
chemical equations be balanced ?
Ans:- A balanced chemical equation is one where the number of
atoms of each element is the same on both sides of the equation.
The chemical equations should be balanced to satisfy the law of
conservation of mass, which states that mass cannot be created
or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Q9:What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic
reactions ? Give examples.
Ans:- Note.
Q10. Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction ?
Explain.
Ans:- Respiration is considered as an exothermic reaction because
in respiration oxidation of glucose takes place which produces
large amount of heat energy.
Or
Respiration is considered an exothermic reaction because energy
is released in this process. During respiratioin, glucose (obtained
from the digestion of food) combines with oxygen of air in the
cells of our body to form carbon dioxide and water, and energy is
released:
Question 11
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of
combination reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
Ans:-
Question 13
What is the difference between displacement and double
displacement reactions? Write equations for these reactions.
Ans:-
Question 15
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction ? Explain by giving
examples.
Ans:- Chemical reaction in which an insoluble
precipitate (solid) formed is known as precipitation reaction.
e.g.,Na2SO4(aq)+BaCl2(aq)→BaSO4(s)+2NaCl(aq)
When a solution of Sodium sulphate and Barium Chloride are
mixed, a White precipitate of BaSO4 is formed.
Or When a solution of iron (III) chloride and ammonium hydroxide
are mixed, a brown precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide is formed.
Question 16
Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two
examples each:
(a) Oxidation and
(b) Reduction.
Question 16
A shiny brown colored element ‘X’ on heating in the air becomes
black in color. Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured
compound formed.
Ans:-
Question 18
Why do we apply paint on iron articles ?
Ans:- Iron articles are coated with paint to prevent air and
moisture from coming in contact with iron and hence, to protect it
from rusting.
Question 19
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why ?
Answer:Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen
because the non-reactive nitrogen gas does not combine with the
oil and fat. It acts as an antioxidant and prevents them from being
oxidized.
Question 20
Explain the following terms with one example each (a) Corrosion,
(b) Rancidity.
Ans :- Note.