ACT Report
Investigation of Aqueous Reactions
Name:
Date Submitted:
TA Name:
Purpose:
Exploring the different type of reaction that happens in aqueous solution and identifying
the type of the chemical reaction. You will also learn how to predict products based on the
reaction.
Procedure Citation:
Please refer to: “Investigation of Aqueous reactions.” Chemistry 1210: General
Chemistry Laboratory Manual, Department of Chemistry, Hayden- McNeil, 2017, pp.38-
57, for the proper procedure.
Written Procedure:
Part A,
1. Acquire a well plate for use in performing several teats at the same time.
2. Add a piece of metal to each well and fill it about halfway with the metal ion
solution.
3. Dispense the solution directly from the reagent bottles. Predict what will
happen in your notebook.
4. Observe and record what will happens both initially and 5 minutes after
adding the solution.
5. Predict whether there will be a redox reaction between each metal and the
acid.
6. Be sure there is a well plate diagram under the well plate and label the
1
rows and columns at your discretion
7. Do the appropriate test.
Part B,
1. Review the possibility of precipitation or a redox reaction considering the
reactivity of Mg and Mg+ with acids, bases, or an acid combined with a
base.
2. Predict what kind of reaction will occur or if no reaction will occur between
the metal or metal ion when combined with 3 M HCl(acid) or 3 M
NaOH(base).
3. Predict what will happen when 200mL of 3.0 M and 100mL of 3.0 M HCl
are combined solution.
4. Predict what will happen when Mg() ∨Mg(NO ¿¿ 3)2 ¿ are added to the
combined solution.
2
Presentation of Data
Part A:
The identity of metal The identity of metal The identity of
salt: salt: metal salt:
Reactivity with H+(aq)
CuSO 4 ZnSo4 Mg ¿ ¿
Prediction: Prediction: Prediction: Prediction:
No reaction No reaction No reaction No Reaction
Initial observation: Initial observation: Initial observation: Initial observation:
No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
Cu
metal After 5 mins: After 5 mins: After 5 mins: After 5 mins:
No reaction No reaction No reaction No reaction
Prediction: Prediction: No Prediction: Prediction:
A color changes reaction No reaction No reaction
Initial: A color Initial: Initial:
change to black No reaction No reaction Initial: No reaction
Zn
metal 5 mins: 5 mins: 5 mins: 5 mins:
The metal is black No reaction No reaction Metal complete to
isolated. dissolve.
Prediction: Prediction: Prediction: Prediction:
Color change will Color change will No reaction No reaction
occur occur
Initial: Color Initial: Color Initial: No reaction Initial: Start to
Mg change to greenish change dissolve
metal 5 mins: 5 mins: 5 mins: 5 mins:
color change to the solution became No reaction Metal complete
greenish and break cloudy and meatal dissolve and solution
down caplet dissolve is clear.
3
Part B:
3 M HCl 3 M NaOH Combined Solution
Prediction: Prediction: Prediction:
Color change will occur No reaction No reaction
Initial observation: Initial observation: Initial observation:
Mg Start to dissolve No reaction No reaction
After 5 mins: After 5 mins: After 5 mins:
Metal complete dissolve No reaction No reaction
Prediction: Prediction: Prediction:
Color change will occur No reaction No reaction
Initial: No reaction Initial: Solution become Initial:
Mg 2+ cloudy Solution become cloudy
5 mins: 5 mins: 5 mins:
No reaction It becomes cloudy It changes to cloudy
appearance.
Build an Activity Series that is consistent with your observations in both the pre-
lab activity and parts A and B of the experiment. (Include H+)
Sample Calculation
4
Show sample calculation for how you determined if acid or base was present in the final mixed
solution in part B (Hint: use a BCA table):
Moles of NaOH
The initial morality of the sodium hydroxide solution is 3M. The moles used for the reaction
would be calculated as follows;
200 ml
× 3.0=0.6 moles of the sodium hydroxide
1000 ml
Mole of the hydrochloric acid can be calculated as follows;
100 ml
× 3.0=0.3 moles of HCl
1000 ml
The reaction equation can be written as follows;
NaOH + HCl NaCl+ H2O
From the equation, the mole ratio between the acid and the base is 1:1
From the BCA table, the moles of the base remaining in the final solution can be depicted.
Approximately 0.3 moles were present in the final mixed solution.
5
Discussion:
When water is the solvent in a given solution, the term aqueous can be used to refer
those types of solutions. Various types of reactions can occur in aqueous solutions. For
example, reactions involving acid and a base, redox reactions, neutralization reactions
or even precipitation reactions. The lab experiment aimed at investigating the reactions
between metal ions in solutions and other metals. The metals used included zinc,
magnesium, and copper. The solutions involved included hydrochloric acid, sodium
hydroxide, CuSO4, Magnesium nitrate, and ZnSO4. During the lab investigation, it was
observed that copper turnings did not displace any of the ions in the aqueous solutions.
The zinc ribbon reacted with CuSO4 and hydrochloric acid but did not react with
ZnSO4 or magnesium nitrate. The magnesium ribbon reacted with all the solutions
except magnesium nitrate.
The magnesium metal reacted with hydrochloric acid but did not react with the sodium
hydroxide solution. Notably, the metal did not react with the combined solution
resulting from both the acid and the base. The magnesium ions formed a cloudy
mixture when combined with the sodium hydroxide and the combined solution, but no
change was noticed while in acidic solution.
Notable points;
1. The identified trend was that as the metal ranks high in the activity series, it had
more observable reactions with the aqueous solutions involved. For instance,
magnesium metal reacted with the most solutions followed by zinc, but copper
did not react with any of the solutions. Metals did not react with certain
solutions due to their level in the activity series. For instance, zinc reacted with
copper (II) sulfate but did not react with magnesium nitrate solution. The idea
correlates with what was learned in the lecture.
2. The metals were ranked from the most reactive to the least reactive depending
on their placement in the activity series. For instance, magnesium is more
reactive than zinc. The metal ions were grouped in opposite order in
comparison to the metals.
3. The observed results were similar to those from the simulation.
4. If a given metal is placed higher in the activity series, it will easily react with
another which is below it in the series. The activity series can help depict if a
react will or not occur.
The limitation:
There were no limitations encountered in the experiment.
Conclusion:
The experiment was successful and enabled to confirm that as metals differ in activity.
Some metals are more reactive than to others. Additionally, the metal ions also differ in
activity. From the observed results, metal like magnesium was more reactive than zinc.
6
The lab experiment enabled to test how metals react by adding the various metals to
different aqueous solutions. As depicted in the results, copper did not react with any of
the aqueous solution provided.
The experiment helped to determine that the magnesium metal was more reactive than
zinc. Notably, the zinc metal was more reactive than copper. The solution containing
the Cu2+ ions was more reactive with the metals than the one containing the Mg2+ ions.