MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS

GRADE XII

S.
Physical Quantities Diagrams Formulae symbols Units Remarks
No.
𝒒 = 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 Direction of MF
Force on a moving 𝑭 = 𝑞𝑣𝐵 sin 𝜃 𝒗 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 can be find by
N
1 charge particle in 𝑩 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
Newton
Right hand rule or
M.F. (F) ⃗ = 𝑞𝑣 × 𝐵
𝑭 ⃗ 𝜽 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 Fleming’s left hand Rule
𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 & 𝑀. 𝐹. (if 𝜃 = 90°)
v is perpendicular to B
CASE
A charged particle moving with velocity v enters a Magnetic field B perpendicularly
I
the particle moves in a circular path with same speed v.
𝒒 = 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒
Radius of the circular 𝑚𝑣 𝒗 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 m × Represents inward M.F.
𝒓=
path (r) 𝑞𝐵 𝑩 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 metre Represents outward M.F.
𝒎 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠
2𝜋𝑟 2𝜋𝑚 s Time is independent
Time period (T) 𝑻= =
𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐵 second of speed & radius
𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒎𝒐𝒎𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒖𝒎 𝒑 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝑲𝒊𝒏𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒄 𝑬𝒏𝒆𝒓𝒈𝒚 𝑬 𝑰𝒏 𝒕𝒆𝒓𝒎𝒔 𝒐𝒇 𝒑𝒐𝒕𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒊𝒂𝒍 𝑽
𝑝
𝒓= √2𝑚𝐸 √2𝑚𝑞𝑉
𝑞𝐵 𝒓= 𝒓=
𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐵
Proton Electron Alpha particle (𝑯𝒆𝟐+ ) Deutron ( 𝟐𝟏𝑯)
Charge +e -e +2e +e
Mass m m/1840 4m 2m
CASE v is inclined to B
II Cause charge particle to move in Helical Path (circular + straight)
Vertical Component (𝒗 𝐬𝐢𝐧 𝜽) Horizontal Component (𝒗 𝐜𝐨𝐬 𝜽)
Cause charge particle to move in - Circular Path Cause charge particle to move in - straight Path
Radius of circular path Pitch of helix path
𝑚𝑣 sin 𝜃 2𝜋𝑚 2𝜋𝑚𝑣 cos 𝜃
𝒓= 𝑻= 𝒑 = 𝑣 cos 𝜃. 𝑇 𝒑=
𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐵 𝑞𝐵
Lorentz Force (F) 𝒒 = 𝑐ℎ𝑎𝑟𝑔𝑒 N 𝐸
𝒗 = 𝑣𝑒𝑙𝑜𝑐𝑖𝑡𝑦 If 𝑣 =
2 Force on a charge ⃗𝑭 = 𝑞(𝐸⃗ + 𝑣 × 𝐵⃗) 𝑩 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑
Newton 𝐵
particle in E.F. & M.F. 𝑬 = 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑐𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 Net force = 0
Force on a current 𝑭 = 𝐼𝑙𝐵 sin 𝜃 𝑰 = 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 SI unit of B: Tesla
N
3 carrying conductor in
⃗𝑭 = 𝐼𝑙 × 𝐵⃗
𝒍 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
Newton
cgs unit: Gauss
M.F. (F) 𝑩 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑖𝑒𝑙𝑑 (𝟏𝑮 = 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 𝑻)
𝜇0 𝐼𝑑𝑙 sin 𝜃 𝑰 = 𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡
Biot-Savart Law 𝒅𝑩 = Absolute magnetic
4𝜋 𝑟 2 𝒅𝒍 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓
T permeability (𝝁𝟎 )
4 M.F. due to current 𝐼𝑑𝑙 r ⃗⃗⃗ × 𝑟
𝜇0 𝐼𝑑𝑙
𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
Tesla
⃗⃗ =
𝒅𝑩 𝒓 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚
Element (𝒅𝑩) 4𝜋 𝑟 3 𝜇0 = 4𝜋 × 10−7 𝑇𝑚𝐴−1
𝑐𝑢𝑟𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
𝜇0 2𝑴
P 𝒂 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 𝐵=
M.F. on the axis of a 𝜇0 2𝑛𝐼𝜋𝑟 2 𝒓 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 T 4𝜋 (𝑟 2 + 𝑎2 )3/2
5 circular current loop
𝑩=
4𝜋 (𝑟 2 + 𝑎2 )3/2 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 Tesla 𝑀 = 𝑚𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑡𝑖𝑐 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡
= 𝑛𝐼𝐴 = 𝑛𝐼𝜋𝑟 2
Direction of MF
M.F. at the centre of 𝜇0 𝐼 T
6 circular loop
𝑩=
4𝜋 𝑎
2𝜋 𝒂 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝
Tesla
can be find by
Right hand rule
M.F. at the centre of 𝑩 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑀. 𝐹. for the same current in
two perpendicular 𝑩 = √𝐵1 2 + 𝐵2 2 𝑩𝟏 & 𝑩𝟐 = 𝑀. 𝐹. 𝑎𝑡 T the loop
7 concentric circular 𝐵2 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 Tesla 𝐵𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑩√𝟐
𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝜷 =
𝐵1 1&2
loops 𝛽 = 45°
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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
GRADE XII

𝑩 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑀. 𝐹. for the same current in

M.F. on the axis of 𝑩 = √𝐵1 2 + 𝐵2 2 the loop
𝑩𝟏 & 𝑩𝟐 = 𝑀. 𝐹. 𝑜𝑛 T
8 two perpendicular 𝐵2 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 Tesla 𝐵𝑛𝑒𝑡 = 𝑩√𝟐
circular loops 𝐭𝐚𝐧 𝜷 =
𝐵1 1&2 𝛽 = 45°
M.F. on the axis of
𝑩 = 𝑁𝑒𝑡 𝑀. 𝐹. For two coaxial circular
two coaxial circular
𝑩𝟏 & 𝑩𝟐 = 𝑀. 𝐹. 𝑜𝑛 T loops carrying current in
9 loops carrying 𝐵 = 𝐵1 + 𝐵2 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 Tesla opposite direction
current in same 1&2 𝐵 = 𝐵1 − 𝐵2
direction
M.F. at the centre of 𝜇0 𝐼 T 𝜃 𝑚𝑢𝑠𝑡 𝑏𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
𝜽 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒
10 circular arc
𝑩= ̂ ) 𝑠𝑢𝑏𝑡𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑑 𝑎𝑡 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒
𝜃 (+𝒏
Tesla
+𝒏̂ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝒐𝒖𝒕𝒘𝒂𝒓𝒅
4𝜋 𝑎 −𝒏̂ 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝒊𝒏𝒘𝒂𝒓𝒅
𝒂 = 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑝𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 M.F. around straight
M.F. around a 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒 wire is concentric circle
𝜙1 𝜇0 𝐼 T
11 straight conductor 𝜙2
𝑩=
4𝜋 𝑎
(sin 𝜙1 + sin 𝜙2 ) 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑎𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
Tesla
carrying current 𝝓 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 𝑡ℎ𝑒
𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟
M.F. around a straight conductor M.F. near one end of straight M.F. on axial line of straight
carrying current of infinite length conductor carrying current of infinite conductor carrying current
𝜇0 2𝐼 length
𝑩 = 𝑧𝑒𝑟𝑜
𝑩= 𝜇0 𝐼
4𝜋 𝑎
𝑩=
4𝜋 𝑎
Ampere’s Circuital Law
Line integral of M.F. along a closed loop is 𝜇0 times the current threading through the loop
∮𝐵 ⃗ . 𝑑𝑙 = 𝜇0 𝐼

Inside 𝒓 < 𝒂
M.F. due to a 𝜇0 2𝐼 B
𝑩= 𝑟 𝒂 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 1
straight conductor of 4𝜋 𝑎2 𝑐𝑦𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑑𝑒𝑟 T 𝐵∝
𝑟
12 circular carrying outside 𝒓 > 𝒂 𝒓 = 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 𝑜𝑓 Tesla
current 𝜇0 2𝐼 𝐴𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 r=a r
𝑩=
4𝜋 𝑟

M.F. at the end of

M.F. Inside a 𝒏 = 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 T solenoid
13 solenoid
𝐵 = 𝜇0 𝑛𝐼 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡
Tesla 𝜇0 𝑛𝐼
𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝐵=
2
𝒅 = 𝑠𝑒𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 For the current flowing
𝜇0 2𝐼1 𝐼2 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑙𝑙𝑒𝑙 in the same direction,
Force between two 𝐼1 𝐼2 N
14 parallel conductors
𝐹= 𝐿 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠
Newton
conductor will attract &
4𝜋 𝑑 𝑳 = 𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ 𝑜𝑓 𝑠ℎ𝑜𝑟𝑡 for opposite direction
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑢𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 repel each other
Force due to conductor
Force between A B 𝑭𝑩𝑪 = 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜
BC is attractive, due to
𝑰𝟏 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐵𝐶 N
15 Rectangular loop & 𝑰𝟐
𝐹 = 𝐹𝐵𝐶 − 𝐹𝐴𝐷 𝑭𝑨𝑫 = 𝐹𝑜𝑟𝑐𝑒 𝑑𝑢𝑒 𝑡𝑜 Newton
conductor AD is
straight conductors D C repulsive & due to AB &
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝐴𝐷
CD is zero

𝜏 = 𝑛𝐼𝐴𝐵 sin 𝛼 𝑴 = 𝑀𝑎𝑔𝑛𝑒𝑡𝑖𝑐 Torque will be

Torque on current 𝑚𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡 maximum when loop
16 carrying loop in M.F. ⃗
𝜏 = 𝑛𝐼𝐴 × 𝐵 𝜶 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑡𝑤𝑒𝑒𝑛 N-m is along the M.F.
(𝝉) 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝
⃗⃗ × 𝐵
𝜏=𝑀 ⃗ & 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑀. 𝐹. 𝜏𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 𝑛𝐼𝐴𝐵

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
GRADE XII

Current carrying
M. F. due to circular 𝜇0 2𝑀 𝒙 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 T
17 current carrying loop
𝑩=
4𝜋 𝑥 3 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑝 Tesla
circular loop behaves
like magnetic dipole

18 Gyro magnetic ratio

Magnetic dipole 𝑒𝑣𝑟 𝑒 𝑳 = 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑎𝑟 B.M. the ratio of magnetic
moment of a 𝑴= = 𝐿 𝑀𝑜𝑚𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑢𝑚 Bohr
2 2𝑚𝑒 moment to the
revolving electron Magneton
angular momentum
MOVING COIL GALVANOMETER
Device which sense small current
19 Principle: When a current carrying loop is placed in a magnetic field it experience a torque.
𝐼∝𝜃

𝒌 = 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 Current sensitivity

Current sensitivity
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 increases with
𝜃 𝑁𝐵𝐴 Rad/A
𝑰𝒔 = = (𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑞𝑢𝑒 increase in no. of
𝐼 𝑘 𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡 𝑡𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑡) turns
Voltage sensitivity
Voltage sensitivity CANNOT increase with
𝑹 = 𝑅𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
𝜃 𝑁𝐵𝐴 Rad/V increase in no. of
𝑰𝒔 = =
𝑉 𝑘𝑹 turns as Resistance is
also increases
Galvanometer
𝒌 = 𝑡𝑜𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑎𝑙 𝜏∝𝜃
Constant (G)
𝑁𝐵𝐴
𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡 Rad/A
𝑮= 𝑵 = 𝑁𝑜. 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑛𝑠 𝜽 ∝ 𝑰 or 𝜃 = 𝑮𝐼
𝑘
GALVANOMETER AS AN AMMETER GALVANOMETER AS VOLTMETER
Small resistance called shunt is connected in parallel High resistance is connected in series with the
to the Galvanometer to convert into Ammeter Galvanometer to convert into voltmeter

G
𝐼𝑔 G Resistance
𝐼𝑔
𝐼
Shunt
𝐼 − 𝐼𝑔

𝐼𝑔 𝑉
Shunt Resistance 𝑺 = 𝐼−𝐼 𝐺 Resistance 𝑹=𝐼 −𝐺
𝑔 𝑔

𝐺𝑆
Total Resistance 𝑹𝒕𝒐𝒕 = 𝐺+𝑆 Total Resistance 𝑹𝒕𝒐𝒕 = 𝐺 + 𝑅

Ideal Ammeter has zero Resistance Ideal Voltmeter has infinite Resistance

Ammeter is connected in series in circuit Voltmeter is connected in parallel in circuit

Application: Same concept is also used to increase Application: Same concept is also used to
the range of ammeter increase the range of Voltmeter
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GRADE XII

S.
Physical Quantities Electrostatics Magnetism Remarks
No.
𝒒→𝒎 𝒑→𝑴
1 Dipole moment ⃗⃗⃗⃗ )
⃗ = 𝑞(2𝑎
𝒑 ⃗𝑴 ⃗⃗⃗ )
⃗⃗ = 𝑚(2𝑙 𝒎 = 𝑝𝑜𝑙𝑒 𝑠𝑡𝑟𝑒𝑛𝑔𝑡ℎ
𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕 = 𝐴 − 𝑚
𝑬→𝑩
2 Torque ⃗𝝉 = 𝑝 × 𝐸⃗ ⃗⃗ × 𝐵
⃗𝝉 = 𝑀 ⃗
𝑼𝒏𝒊𝒕 𝒐𝒇 𝑴 = 𝐴 − 𝑚2
3 Potential Energy 𝑼 = −𝑝. 𝐸⃗ 𝑼 = −𝑀 ⃗⃗ . 𝐵
⃗
Field Intensity on 1 2𝑝 𝜇0 2𝑀 1 𝜇0
4 𝑬𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒂𝒍 = 𝑩𝒂𝒙𝒊𝒂𝒍 = →
axial line 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑟 3 4𝜋 𝑟 3 4𝜋𝜖0 4𝜋
Field Intensity on 1 𝑝 𝜇0 𝑀
5 𝑬𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 = 𝑩𝒆𝒒𝒖𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒓𝒊𝒂𝒍 =
equatorial line 4𝜋𝜖0 𝑟 3 4𝜋 𝑟 3
S.
Physical Quantities Diagrams Formulae symbols Units Remarks
No.
Gauss’s law for ⃗ . 𝑑𝑠 = 0 𝑩 = 𝑀. 𝐹. It’s simply establishes
6 ∮𝐵
𝑺 = 𝐴𝑟𝑒𝑎 𝐸𝑛𝑐𝑙𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑑 monopoles do not exist.
magnetism
Magnetic Elements
7
The quantities which describe completely the magnitude & direction of M.F. at a place
Magnetic Declination (𝜽) Magnetic Inclination (𝜹) Horizontal component (H)
Angle between Magnetic Angle which the direction Components of Field
θ Meridian (MM) & of strength of M.F. makes strength in horizontal
δ H Magnetic geographical meridian (GM) with horizontal direction
V Meridian
R Vertical plane passing through- 𝑯 = 𝑅 cos 𝛿 𝑽 = 𝑅 sin 𝛿
Geographic N-S pole: GM
At poles, 𝛿 = 𝟗𝟎° 𝑹 = √𝐻 2 + 𝑉 2
axis of freely suspended At equator, 𝛿 = 𝟎°
𝑉
Magnetic N-S pole: MM tan 𝜹 =
𝐻
S.
Physical Quantities Diagrams Formulae symbols Units Remarks
No.
𝑩 = 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑜𝑓
Relative Magnetic 𝐵 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑎𝑙 𝜇
8 𝝁𝒓 = No unit 𝝁𝒓 =
Permeability (𝝁𝒓 ) 𝐵0 𝑩𝟎 = 𝑓𝑙𝑢𝑥 𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑦 𝑖𝑛 𝜇0
𝑣𝑎𝑐𝑢𝑢𝑚
The property of material
Magnetic 𝝁𝒓 = 𝑅𝑒𝑙𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑀. which determines how
9 𝝁𝒓 = 1 + 𝜒𝑚 𝑃𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑒𝑎𝑏𝑖𝑙𝑖𝑡𝑦
No unit
Susceptibility (𝝌𝒎 ) easily a specimen can be
magnetized in M.F.
10 Magnetic Material
Diamagnetic Paramagnetic Ferromagnetic
Substances weakly repelled by M.F. Substances weakly attracted by M.F. Substances strongly attracted
eg: Cu, Pb, Au, Ag, water, Hg, Air eg: Na, K, Al, Mg, Mn, Cu𝐶𝑙2 by M.F. eg: Fe, Co, Ni
𝐵 < 𝐵0 𝐵 > 𝐵0 𝐵 ≫ 𝐵0

𝜇𝑟 < 1 𝜇𝑟 > 1 𝜇𝑟 ≫ 1
𝜒𝑚 = 𝒏𝒆𝒈𝒂𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝜒𝑚 = 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆 𝜒𝑚 = 𝒍𝒂𝒓𝒈𝒆 𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒊𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

Previous Year MCQs

1. A diamagnetic substance is brought near the north or South Pole of a bar magnet. It will be:
a) repelled by both the poles. 2023
b) attracted by both the poles.
c) repelled by the north pole and attracted by the south pole.
d) attracted by the north pole and repelled by the south pole.
2. A diamagnetic substance is brought, one by one, near the North Pole & the south pole of a bar
magnet. It is 2025
a) repelled by north pole & attracted by south pole
b) attracted by north pole & repelled by south pole
c) attracted by north pole as well as by south pole
d) repelled by north pole as well as by south pole
3. An iron needle is kept near a strong bar magnet. It will experience 2024
a) a force of attraction & no torque c) a torque & no force
b) a force of attraction & a torque d) neither a force nor a torque
4. A long straight wire is held vertically and carries a steady current in upward direction. The
shape of magnetic field lines produced by the current-carrying wire are: 2025
a) horizontal straight lines directed radially out from the wire.
b) straight lines parallel to the current-carrying wire.
c) concentric horizontal circles around the wire.
d) coaxial helixes around the wire.
5. Two identical circular coaxial coils A and B, arranged in vertical planes parallel to each other,
carry currents in the same direction. If the distance between the coils is decreased at a constant
rate, the current: 2023
a) increases in A and decreases in B. c) increases in both A and B.
b) decreases in both A and B. d) remains same in both A and B.
6. Beams of electrons & protons move parallel to each other in the same direction. They 2023
a) attract each other
b) repel each other
c) neither attract nor repel
d) force of attraction or repulsion depends upon speed of beams
7. Two charged particles P and Q, having the same charge but different masses 𝑚𝑃 and 𝑚𝑄 , start
from rest and travel equal distances in a uniform electric field 𝐸⃗ in time 𝑡𝑃 and 𝑡𝑄 respectively.
𝑡
Neglecting the effect of gravity, the ratio 𝑡𝑃 is : 2024
𝑄
𝑚𝑃 𝑚𝑄
a) b) 𝑚 𝑚
𝑚𝑄 𝑚𝑃 c) √ 𝑚𝑃 d) √ 𝑚𝑄
𝑄 𝑃

8. Two charged particles, P and Q, each having charge q but of masses 𝑚1 and 𝑚2 , are accelerated
through the same potential difference V. They enter a region of magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ (⊥ 𝑣) and
describe the circular paths of radii a and b respectively. Then (𝑚1 /𝑚2 ) is equal to: 2024

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

𝑎
a) b)
𝑏 𝑎 2 𝑏 2
𝑏 𝑎 c) (𝑏) d) (𝑎)
9. A particle of mass m and charge q moves along y-axis in a region in which a uniform magnetic
⃗ is pointing along x-axis. The Lorentz force acting on the charge will point along: 2025
field 𝐵
a) x-axis c) z-axis
b) y-axis d) negative z-axis
10. A particle of mass m and charge q moving with velocity v𝑖̂ is subjected to a uniform electric
field E𝑗̂. The particle will initially have a tendency to move in a circle of radius: 2025
𝑚𝑣 𝑚𝑣 2
a) ( ) in x-y plane c) ( ) in x-y plane
𝑞𝐸 𝑞𝐸
𝑚𝑣 2 𝑚𝑣 2
b) ( 𝑞𝐸2 ) in x-z plane d) ( 𝑞𝐸2 ) in y-z plane
11. A loop carrying current I clockwise is placed in x-y plane, in a uniform magnetic field directed
along z-axis. The tendency of the loop will be to: 2024
a) move along x-axis c) shrink
b) move along y-axis d) expand
12. Two thin long parallel wires A and B are separated by a distance r and carry current I each in
the same direction. The force per unit length exerted by A on wire B is: 2023
𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼 2
a) , attractive c) , attractive
2𝑟 2𝜋𝑟
𝜇0 𝐼 2 𝜇0 𝐼
b) , repulsive d) , repulsive
2𝜋𝑟 2𝑟
13. Two thin long parallel wires separated by a distance ‘a’ carry current ‘I’ in opposite directions.
The wires will: 2024
0 𝜇 𝐼2
a) Repel each other with a force 2𝜋𝑎 2 , per unit length.

0 𝜇 𝐼2
b) Attract each other with a force 2𝜋𝑎 2 , per unit length.
𝜇0 𝐼 2
c) Attract each other with a force , per unit length.
2𝜋𝑎
𝜇0 𝐼 2
d) Repel each other with a force , per unit length.
2𝜋𝑎
14. Two horizontal thin long parallel wires, separated by a distance r carry current I each in the
opposite directions, The net magnetic field at a point midway between them will be 2023
a) zero 2𝜇0 𝐼
c) vertically upward
𝜇0 𝐼 𝑟
b) vertically downward 𝜇0 𝐼
2𝜋𝑟 d) vertically downward
𝜋𝑟
15. Two long parallel wires kept 2m apart carry 3A current each, in the same direction. The force
per unit length on one wire due to the other is 2023
−5 −1 −7 −1
a) 4.5 × 10 𝑁𝑚 , attractive c) 9 × 10 𝑁𝑚 , repulsive
b) 4.5 × 10−5 𝑁𝑚−1, repulsive d) 9 × 10−5 𝑁𝑚−1 , attractive
16. Two long straight parallel conductors A & B, kept at a distance r, carry current I in opposite
directions. A third identical conductor C, kept at a distance (r/3) from A carry current 𝐼1 in the
same direction as in A. The net magnetic force on unit length of C is 2024

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

3𝜇0 𝐼 𝐼1 3𝜇0 𝐼 𝐼1
a) , towards A c) , towards A
2𝜋𝑟 4𝜋𝑟
3𝜇0 𝐼 𝐼1 3𝜇0 𝐼 𝐼1
b) , towards B d) , towards B
2𝜋𝑟 4𝜋𝑟
17. A rectangular coil of area A is kept in a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ such that the plane of the
coil makes an angle α with 𝐵⃗ . The magnetic flux linked with the coil is: 2025
a) BA sin 𝛼 b) BA cos 𝛼 c) BA d) zero
⃗
18. A circular coil of radius 10 cm is placed in a magnetic field 𝐵 = (1.0𝑖̂ + 0.5𝑗̂) mT such that
the outward unit vector normal to the surface of the coil is (0.6𝑖̂ + 0.8𝑗̂). The magnetic flux
linked with the coil is: 2024
a) 0.314 𝜇𝑊𝑏 b) 3.14 𝜇𝑊𝑏 c) 31.4 𝜇𝑊𝑏 d) 1.256 𝜇𝑊𝑏
19. The value of magnetic field at point O in the given figure is: 2025
𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼
a) c)
2𝜋𝑅 4𝑅
𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼
b) d)
𝜋𝑅 𝑅

20. In a circular loop of radius R, current I enters at point A and exits

at point B, as shown in the figure. The value of the magnetic field
at the centre O of the loop is: 2025
𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼
a) c)
𝑅 2𝑅
𝜇0 𝐼
b) zero d)
4𝑅
21. Two insulated concentric coils, each of radius R, placed at right angles to each other, carry
currents I & √3I respectively. The magnitude of the net magnetic field at their common centre
will be 2024 & 2025
𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼 2𝜇 𝐼
a) 𝑅 b) 2𝑅 c) 4𝑅 d) 𝑅0
⃗ =
22. A particle with charge q moving with velocity 𝑣 = 𝑣0 𝑖̂ enters a region with magnetic field 𝐵
(𝐵1 𝑗̂ + 𝐵2 𝑘̂). The magnitude of force experienced by the particle is: 2025
a) 𝑞𝑣0 (𝐵1 + 𝐵2 ) b) 𝑞√𝑣0 (𝐵1 + 𝐵2 )

c) 𝑞𝑣0 √(𝐵1 2 + 𝐵2 2 ) d) 𝑞 √𝑣0 (𝐵1 2 + 𝐵2 2 )

23. A 10cm long wire lies along y-axis. It carries a current of 1A in positive y-direction. A
⃗ = (5𝑚𝑇)𝑗̂ − (8𝑚𝑇)𝑘̂ exists in the region. The force on the wire is:
magnetic field 𝐵 2024
a) (0.8 𝑚𝑁)𝑖̂ b) −(0.8 𝑚𝑁)𝑖̂ c) (80 𝑚𝑁)𝑖̂ d) −(80 𝑚𝑁)𝑖̂
24. A 1 cm segment of a wire lying along x-axis carries current of 0.5 A along +x direction. A
magnetic field 𝐵⃗ = (0.4𝑚𝑇)𝑗̂ − (0.6𝑚𝑇)𝑘̂ is switched on, in the region. The force acing on
the segment is: 2025
a) (2𝑗̂ + 3𝑘̂) mN c) (6𝑗̂ + 4𝑘̂) mN
b) (−3𝑗̂ + 2𝑘̂) μN d) (−4𝑗̂ + 6𝑘̂) μN

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

25. A straight conductor is carrying a current of 2 A in +x direction along it. A uniform magnetic
⃗ = (0.6𝑇)𝑗̂ − (0.8𝑇)𝑘̂ is switched on, in the region. The force acting on 10 cm length
field 𝐵
of the conductor is: 2025
a) (0.12𝑗̂ − 0.16𝑘̂) N c) (−0.12𝑗̂ + 0.16𝑘̂) N
b) (−0.16𝑗̂ + 0.12𝑘̂) N d) (0.16𝑗̂ − 0.12𝑘̂) N
26. A 1 cm straight segment of a conductor carrying 1 A current in x direction lies symmetrically
at origin of Cartesian coordinate system. The magnetic field due to this segment at point (1m,
1m,0) is 2025
−9 ̂ −9 ̂
a) 1.0 × 10 𝑘𝑇 b) −1.0 × 10 𝑘𝑇
5.0 −10 ̂ 5.0
c) × 10 𝑘𝑇 d) − × 10−10 𝑘̂𝑇
√2 √2
⃗ such
27. A proton and an α-particle enter with the same velocity 𝑣 in a uniform magnetic field 𝐵
⃗ . The ratio of the radii of their paths is:
that 𝑣 ⊥ 𝐵 2025
a) 2 b) ½ c) ¼ d) 4
28. A charged particle gains a speed of 106 𝑚𝑠 −1 , when accelerated from rest through a potential
⃗ . The radius of
difference 10 kV. It enters a region of magnetic field of 0·4 T such that 𝑣 ⊥ 𝐵
circular path described by it is: 2025
a) 2.5 cm b) 5 cm c) 8 cm d) 10 cm
29. A 2.0 cm segment of wire, carrying 5.0 A current in positive
y-direction lies along y-axis, as shown in the figure. The
magnetic field at a point (3m, 4m, 0) due to this segment (part
of a circuit) is: 2024
a) (0.12𝑛𝑇)𝑗̂ c) −(0.24𝑛𝑇)𝑘̂
b) −(0.12𝑛𝑇)𝑗̂ d) (0.24𝑛𝑇)𝑘̂
30. A circular loop of wire, carrying current ‘𝐼’ lying in xy-plane with its centre coinciding with
the origin. It is subjected to uniform magnetic field pointing along +z-axis. The loop will:2024
a) move along x-axis c) move along z-axis
b) move along y-axis d) remain stationary
31. A current of (10⁄𝜋)A is maintained in a circular loop of radius 14 cm. The value of dipole
moment associated with the loop is: 2025
a) 0.019 𝐴𝑚2 b) 0.14 𝐴𝑚2 c) 0.196 𝐴𝑚2 d) 0.615 𝐴𝑚2
32. A wire of length 4·4 m is bent round in the shape of a circular loop and carries a current of 1·0
A. The magnetic moment of the loop will be: 2024
2 2 2
a) 0.7𝐴𝑚 b) 1.54𝐴𝑚 c) 2.10𝐴𝑚 d) 3.5𝐴𝑚2
33. A bar magnet is initially at right angles to a uniform magnetic field. The magnet is rotated till
the torque acting on it becomes one-half of its initial value. The angle through which the bar
magnet is rotated is: 2025
a) 30° b) 45° c) 60° d) 75°

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

34. A current carrying circular loop of magnetic moment 𝑀 ⃗⃗ is suspended in a vertical plane in an
external magnetic field 𝐵⃗ such that its plane is normal to 𝐵 ⃗ . The work done in rotating this
loop by 45° about an axis perpendicular to 𝐵⃗ is closest to: 2024
a) −0.3 𝑀𝐵 b) 0.3 𝑀𝐵 c) −1.7 𝑀𝐵 d) 1.7 𝑀𝐵
35. The magnetic field due to a small magnetic dipole of dipole moment ‘M’ at a distance ‘r’ from
the centre along the axis if the dipole is given by 2025
𝜇0 2𝑀 𝜇0 𝑀 𝜇0 𝑀 𝜇0 2𝑀
a) × b) × c) × d) ×
4𝜋 𝑟3 4𝜋 𝑟3 4𝜋 2𝑟 3 4𝜋 𝑟2
36. A piece of wire bent in the form of a circular loop A carries a current I. The wire is then bent
into a circular loop B of two turns and carries the same current. The ratio of magnetic fields at
the centre of loop A to that of loop B will be: 2024
a) 1/16 b) 16 c) 4 d) 1/4
37. A galvanometer can be converted into an ammeter of desired range by connecting a: 2025
a) small resistance in series c) small resistance in parallel
b) large resistance in series d) large resistance in parallel
38. A galvanometer of resistance 100 Ω is converted into an ammeter of range (0-1A) using a
resistance of 0.1 Ω. The ammeter will show full scale deflection for a current of about 2024
a) 10 mA b) 20 mA c) 40 mA d) 80 mA
39. A galvanometer of resistance 100 Ω gives full scale deflection for a current of 1 mA. It is
converted into an ammeter of range (0−1A). The resistance of the ammeter will be close to
a) 0.1Ω b) 0.8Ω c) 1.0Ω d) 10Ω
40. A galvanometer of resistance 50 Ω is converted into a voltmeter of range (0 to 2V) using a
resistor of 1 kΩ. If it is to be converted into a voltmeter of range (0 – 10V), the resistance
required will be 2024
a) 4.8 kΩ b) 5.0 kΩ c) 5.2 kΩ d) 5.4 kΩ
41. A Galvanometer shows full scale deflection for a current 𝐼𝑔 . If a shunt of resistance 𝑆1 is
connected to the galvanometer, it gets converted into an ammeter of range (0-I). When
𝑆
resistance of the shunt is made 𝑆2 , its range becomes (0-2I). Then (𝑆1 ) is 2024
2
𝐼+𝐼𝑔 𝐼−𝐼𝑔 2𝐼−𝐼𝑔 𝐼−𝐼𝑔
a) b) c) d)
𝐼−𝐼𝑔 𝐼+𝐼𝑔 𝐼−𝐼𝑔 2𝐼−𝐼𝑔

42. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into an ammeter of range 0 to I A. If the current

through the galvanometer is 0.1% of I A, the resistance of the ammeter is: 2024
𝐺 𝐺 𝐺 𝐺
a) Ω b) 1000 Ω c) 1001 Ω d) 100.1 Ω
999
43. A straight wire is kept horizontally along east-west direction. If a steady current flows in wire
from east to west, the magnetic field at a point above the wire will point towards 2024
a) East b) West c) North d) South
44. In a moving coil galvanometer, the deflecting torque acting on the coil is related to the current
I flowing through it as: 2023

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

a) 𝜏 ∝ 𝐼 3 b) 𝜏 ∝ 𝐼 2
c) 𝜏 ∝ 𝐼 d) 𝜏 ∝ √𝐼
45. A long straight wire of radius ‘a’ carries a steady current ‘I’. The current is uniformly
⃗ 1 at 𝑎 &
distributed across its area of cross-section. The ratio of magnitude of magnetic field 𝐵 2
⃗ 2 at distance 2a is
𝐵 2023
a) 1⁄2 b) 1 c) 2 d) 4
46. An electron enters a uniform magnetic field with speed v. It describes a semicircular path and
comes out of the field. The final speed of the electron is: 2023
a) 𝑍𝑒𝑟𝑜 b) 𝑣 c) 𝑣/2 d) 2𝑣
47. A particle of mass m & charge q is moving with velocity 𝑣 = 𝑣𝑥 𝑖̂ + 𝑣𝑦 𝑗̂. If it is subjected to a
magnetic field 𝐵⃗ = 𝐵0 𝑖̂, it will move in a 2024
a) straight line path c) helical path
b) circular path d) parabolic path
48. A particle having charge +q enters a uniform magnetic
⃗ as shown in the figure. The particle will
field 𝐵
describe: 2025
a) a circular path in XZ plane
b) a semicircular path in XY plane
c) a helical path with its axis parallel to Y-axis
d) a semicircular path in YZ plane
49. A material is pushed out when placed in a uniform magnetic field. The material is 2025
a) non-magnetic c) paramagnetic
b) diamagnetic d) ferromagnetic
50. A piece of a diamagnetic material, free to move when placed in a uniform magnetic field:2025
a) moves along the field c) moves perpendicular to the field
b) moves opposite to the field d) does not move at all
51. The magnetic field lines near a substance are as
shown in the figure. The substance is: 2023
a) Copper
b) Iron
c) Sodium
d) Aluminium
52. Which of the following CANNOT modify an
external magnetic field as shown in the figure? 2023
a) Nickel
b) Silicon
c) Sodium Chloride
d) Copper

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

53. Which of the following pairs is that of paramagnetic materials? 2024

a) Copper & Aluminium c) Lead & Iron
b) Sodium & Calcium d) Nickel & Cobalt
54. Which one out of the following materials is not paramagnetic? 2025
a) Aluminium c) Calcium
b) Sodium Chloride d) Copper Chloride
55. Which of the following substances has magnetic permeability less than that of free space?2025
a) sodium b) iron c) Aluminium d) Copper
56. Which one of the following has relative magnetic permeability between 0 and 1? 2023
a) Aluminium b) Alnico c) water d) Sodium
57. Which of the following material has its magnetic susceptibility x in the range 0 < 𝑥 < 𝜀, where
ε is positive & small? 2024
a) Aluminium b) Water c) Gadolinium d) Bismuth
58. The materials having negative magnetic susceptibility are: 2025
a) diamagnetic b) paramagnetic c) ferromagnetic d) non-magnetic
59. Which one of the following has negative value of susceptibility? 2023
a) Nickel b) Aluminium c) Lead d) Iron
60. The magnetic susceptibility for a diamagnetic material is 2024
a) small & negative c) large & negative
b) small & positive d) large & positive
61. Which of the following graphs correctly represents the variation of the magnitude of the
magnetic field outside a straight infinite current carrying wire of radius ‘a’, a function of
distance ‘r’ from the centre of the wire? 2023

Previous Year ARQs

Questions number 16 to 18 are Assertion (A) and Reason (R) type questions. Two statements
are given one labelled Assertion (A) and the other labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer
from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below.
a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and Reason (R) is the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but Reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of the Assertion (A).
c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also false.

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

1. Assertion (A): When a bar of copper is placed in an external magnetic field, the field lines get
concentrated inside the bar.
Reason (R): Copper is a paramagnetic substance. 2023
2. Assertion (A): Diamagnetic substances exhibit magnetism.
Reason (R): Diamagnetic materials do not have permanent magnetic dipole moment. 2023
3. Assertion (A): Two long parallel wires, freely suspended and connected in series to a battery,
move apart.
Reason (R): Two wires carrying current in opposite directions repel each other. 2024
4. Assertion (A): An electron and a proton enter with the same momentum 𝑝 in a magnetic field
⃗ such that 𝑝 ⊥ 𝐵
𝐵 ⃗ . Then both describe a circular path of the same radius.
Reason (R): The radius of the circular path described by the charged particle (charge q, mass
m) moving in the magnetic field 𝐵⃗ is given by 𝑟 = 𝑚𝑣. 2024
𝑞𝐵

5. Assertion (A): A charged particle is moving with velocity v in x-y plane, making an angle
(0 < 𝜃 < 𝜋/2 ) with x-axis. If a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ is applied in the region, along y-
axis, the particle will move in a helical path with its axis parallel to x-axis.
Reason (R): The direction of the magnetic force acting on a charged particle moving in a
magnetic field is along the velocity of the particle. 2025
6. Assertion (A): The energy of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field does not change.
Reason (R): It is because the work done by the magnetic force on the charge moving in a
magnetic field is zero. 2024
7. Assertion (A): A proton and an electron enter a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ with the same
momentum 𝑝 such that 𝑝 is perpendicular to 𝐵 ⃗ . They describe circular paths of the same radius.
𝑝
Reason (R): In a magnetic field, orbital radius r is equal to 𝑞𝐵. 2024
8. Assertion (A): A current carrying square loop made of a wire of length L is placed in a
magnetic field. It experiences a torque which is greater than the torque on a circular loop made
of the same wire carrying the same current in the same magnetic field.
Reason (R): A square loop occupies more area than a circular loop, both made of wire of the
same length. 2023
9. Assertion (A): The deflecting torque acting on a current carrying loop is zero when its plane
is perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field.
Reason (R): The deflecting torque acting on a loop of magnetic moment 𝑚 ⃗⃗ in a magnetic field
⃗𝐵 is given by the dot product of 𝑚 ⃗
⃗⃗ & 𝐵. 2023
10. Assertion (A): The deflection in a galvanometer is directly proportional to the current passing
through it.
Reason (R): The coil of a galvanometer is suspended in a uniform radial magnetic field. 2025

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

Previous Year TWO MARKS QUESTIONs

1. A small magnetised needle P is placed at the origin of x-y plane with its magnetic moment
pointing along the y-axis. Another identical magnetised needle Q is placed in two positions,
one by one.
Case 1: at (a, 0) with its magnetic moment pointing along x-axis.
Case 2: at (0, a) with its magnetic moment pointing along y-axis.
(i) In which case is the potential energy of P and Q minimum?
(ii) In which case is P and Q not in equilibrium?
Justify your answers.2 2023
2. Answer the following giving reasons:
A. Do the magnetic field lines also represent the ‘line of force’ on a moving charged particle
at every point? 2023
B. If magnetic monopoles existed, how would the Gauss’s law of magnetism be modified?2
3. Briefly explain why & how a galvanometer is converted into an ammeter.2 2023
4. A voltmeter of resistance 1000Ω can measure up to 25 V. How will you convert it so that it
can read up to 250 V?2 2025
5. Two wires of equal lengths are shaped in the form of a square loop and a circular loop. Both
loops are suspended in a uniform magnetic field. Prove that for the same current, the circular
loop will experience larger torque.2 2023
6. A wire of length 𝑙 is in the form of a circular loop 𝐴 of one turn. This loop is reshaped into
loop 𝐵 of three turns. Find the ratio of the magnetic fields at the centres of loop A and loop 𝐵
for the same current through them.2 2023
7. Two identical circular loops P & Q, each of radius R carrying current I
are kept in perpendicular planes such that they have a common centre O
as shown in the figure. 2023

Find the magnitude & direction of the net magnetic field at point O.
8. A particle of charge q and mass m starts moving with uniform velocity 𝑣0 𝑖̂. Specify the
direction of magnetic field which should be set up in the region so that the particle moves (a)
straight undeviated, and (b) in a circle. Justify your answers.2 2023
9. Write the expression for the Lorentz force on a particle of charge q moving with a velocity 𝑣
⃗ . When the magnitude of this force is maximum? Show that no work is
in a magnetic field 𝐵
done by this force on the particle during its motion from a point ⃗⃗⃗
𝑟1 to point ⃗⃗⃗
𝑟2 .2 2023
10. Derive an expression for Magnetic force 𝐹 acting on a straight conductor of length L carrying
⃗ . Is it valid when the conductor is in zig-zag form?
current I in an external magnetic field 𝐵
Justify.2 2024
11. A long straight conductor kept along X’X axis, carries a steady current I along +x direction.
At an instant t, a particle of mass m & charge q at a point (x,y) moves with a velocity 𝑣 along
+y direction. Find the magnitude & direction of the force on the particle due to the conductor.2
2023

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

12. An alpha particle is projected with velocity 𝑣 = (3.0 × 105 𝑚/𝑠)𝑖̂ into a region in which
magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ = [(0.4𝑇)𝑖̂ + (0.3𝑇)𝑗̂]exists. Calculate the acceleration of the particle in the
region. 𝑖̂ , 𝑗̂ and 𝑘̂ are unit vectors along x, y and z axis respectively and charge to mass ratio
for alpha particle is 4.8 × 107 𝐶/𝑘𝑔.2 2023
13. An electron is revolving around a proton in an orbit of radius r with a speed v. Obtain
expression for magnetic moment associated with the electron.2 2024
⃗ at a point
14. A current of 5A passing along +X direction through a wire. Find the magnetic field 𝐵
𝑟 = (3𝑖̂ + 4𝑗̂)m due to 1cm element of the wire, centered at origin.2 2025
15. A circular coil of wire having 200 turns, each of radius 4·0 cm is placed in a horizontal plane.
It carries a current of 0·40 A in clockwise direction. Find the magnitude and direction of the
magnetic field at the centre of the coil.2 2025
16. A long straight wire AB carries a current I. A particle (mass m &
charge q) moves with a velocity 𝑣, parallel to the wire, at a distance
d from it as shown in the figure. Obtain the expression for the force
experienced by the particle & mention its directions.2 2023

Previous Year THREE MARKS QUESTIONs

1.
A. A charged particle q moving with a velocity 𝑣 is subjected to a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗
acting perpendicular to 𝑣. If a uniform electric field 𝐸⃗ is also set up in the region along the
direction of 𝐵 ⃗ , describe the path followed by the particle and draw its shape.2
B. How will the magnetic field inside a long solenoid be affected when:
(i) the radius of the turns of the solenoid is increased,
(ii) the length of solenoid as well as the total number of its turns are doubled ?1 2025
2. An electron is moving with a velocity 𝑣 = (3 × 106 𝑚/𝑠)𝑖̂. It enters a region of magnetic field
⃗ = (91 𝑚𝑇)𝑘̂.
𝐵 2024
a) Calculate the magnetic force ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐹𝐵 acting on electron & the radius of its path.
b) Trace the path described by it.3
3. An electron moving with a velocity 𝑣 = (1.0 × 107 𝑚/𝑠)𝑖̂ + (0.5 × 107 𝑚/𝑠)𝑗̂ enters a region
of uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ = (0.5 𝑚𝑇)𝑗̂. Find the radius of circular path described by it.
While rotating; does the electron trace a linear path too? If so, calculate the linear distance
covered by it during the period of one revolution.3 2024
4. What are ferromagnetic materials? Explain ferromagnetism with the help of suitable diagrams,
using the concept of magnetic domain.3 2024
⃗ ) due to a circular current
5. Using Biot-Savart’s law, derive expression for the magnetic field (𝐵
carrying loop at a point on its axis & hence at its centre.3 2025
6. Two circular loops A and B, each of radius 3 m, are placed coaxially at a distance of 4 m. They
carry currents of 3 A and 2 A in opposite directions respectively. Find the net magnetic field
at the centre of loop A.3 2023

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

7. Two long insulated straight wires carrying currents of 3 A & 5 A are arranged in XY plane as
shown in figure. Find the magnitude +& direction of the net magnetic fields at points 𝑃1 (2m,
2m) & 𝑃1 (−1m, 1m).3 2024

8. An infinite straight conductor is kept along X’X axis & current I. A charge q at point P(0,r)
starts moving with velocity 𝑣 = 𝑣0 𝑗̂ as shown in figure. Find the direction & magnitude of
force initially experienced by the charge.3 2024

9.
A. Define magnetic moment of a current-carrying coil. Write its SI unit.1
B. A coil of 60 turns & area 1.5 × 10−3 𝑚3 carrying 2A current lies in a vertical plane. It
experiences a torque of 0.12 Nm when placed in a uniform horizontal magnetic field. The
torque acting on the coil changes to 0.05 Nm after the coil is rotated about its diameter by
90°, in the magnetic field. Find the magnitude of the magnetic field.2 2025
10.
A. Write vector form of Biot-Savart law.1
B. Two insulated long straight wires, each carrying 2·0 A current are kept along xx and yy
axis as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction of resultant magnetic field at
point P (4m, 5m).2 2025

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

11.
A. Use Ampere’s circuital law to derive the expression for the magnetic field due to a long
straight current carrying wire of infinite length.2
B. Why is Ampere’s circuital law used for the derivation in (A) above & not Biot-Savart law?
Explain.1 2025
12.
A. State & explain Ampere’s circuital law.1
B. Two long straight parallel wires separated by 20 cm, carry 5 A & 10 A current respectively,
in the same direction. Find the magnitude & direction of the net magnetic field at a point
midway between them.2 2024
13. The magnetic moment (5J/T) of a bar magnet points along a uniform magnetic field 0·4 T.
A. Calculate (i) the potential energy of the bar magnet, and (ii) the work done in turning the
magnet by 180°.2
B. In which case is the potential energy of the magnet minimum?1
14. A current carrying circular loop and a straight wire bent partly in the form of a semicircle are
placed as shown in the figure. Find the magnitude and direction of net magnetic field at point
O.3 2023

15.
A. Briefly describe how the current sensitivity of a moving coil galvanometer can be
increased.1
B. A galvanometer shows full scale deflection for current 𝐼𝑔 . A Resistance 𝑅1 is required to
convert it into a voltmeter range (0-V) & a resistance 𝑅2 to convert it into a voltmeter of
range (0-2V). Find the resistance of the galvanometer.2 2023
16.
A. What is meant by current sensitivity of a galvanometer? Mention the factors on which it
depends.2
B. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter of range (0 − 𝑉) by using a
resistance R. Find the resistance, in terms of R and G, required to convert it into a voltmeter
𝑉
of range (0 − 2 ).1
17. A rectangular loop carries a current of 1 A. A straight long wire carrying 2 A current is kept
near the loop in the same plane as shown in the figure. 2025

Find:
A. the torque acting on the loop, and1
B. the magnitude and direction of the net force on the loop.2

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

18.
A. In which cases does a charged particle not experience a force in a magnetic field?1
B. A square loop MNPK of side ‘𝑙’ carrying a current ‘𝐼2 ’ is kept close to a long straight wire
in the same plane & the wire carries a steady current 𝐼1 as shown in figure. Obtain the
magnitude of magnetic force exerted by the wire on the loop.2 2025

19. A proton with kinetic energy 1.3384 × 10−14 J moving horizontally from north to south,
enters a uniform magnetic field B of 2·0 mT directed eastward. Calculate: 2024
(i) the speed of the proton1
(ii) the magnitude of acceleration of the proton1
(iii) the radius of the path traced by the proton1
[Take (q /m) for proton = 1.0 × 108 C/kg]
20. A particle of charge q is moving with a velocity 𝑣 at a distance ‘d’ from a long straight wire
carrying a current I as shown in figure. At this instant, It is subjected to uniform electric field
𝐸⃗ such that the particle keeps moving undeviated. In terms of unit vectors 𝑖̂, 𝑗̂ & 𝑘̂, find-

A. the magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ ,1

B. the magnetic force 𝐹𝑚 , &1
C. the electric field 𝐸⃗ , acting on the charge.1 2025
21. In a region of a uniform electric field 𝐸⃗ , a negatively charged particle is moving with a constant
velocity 𝑣 = −𝑣0 𝑖̂ near a long straight conductor coinciding with XX’ axis & carrying current
I towards –X axis. the particle remains at a distance ‘d’ from the conductor. 2025
A. Draw diagram showing direction of electric & magnetic fields.1
B. What are the various forces acting on the charged particle?1
C. Find the value of 𝑣0 in terms of E, d & I.1
22. A circular coil with cross-sectional area 0.2 𝑐𝑚2 carries a current of 4 A. It is kept in a uniform
magnetic field of magnitude 0.5 T normal to the plane of the coil. Calculate:
A. the net force on the coil.1

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

B. the torque on the coil.1

C. the average force on each electron in the coil due to the magnetic field. The free electron
density in the material of the coil is 1028 𝑚−3 .1 2024
23. Two long, straight, parallel conductors carry steady currents in opposite directions. Explain the
nature of the force of interaction between them. Obtain an expression for the magnitude of the
force between the two conductors. Hence define one ampere.3 2024
24. Two long straight parallel conductors carrying currents, exert a force on each other. Why?
Derive an expression for the force per unit length between two long straight parallel conductors
carrying currents in opposite directions. Explain the nature of the force between these
conductors.3 2024
25. Two infinitely long conductors kept along XX’ & YY’ axes are carrying current 𝐼1 & 𝐼2 along
–X axis & −𝑌 axis respectively. Find the magnitude & direction of the net magnetic field
produced at point P(X,Y).3 2025
26. A Circular loop of radius 10cm varying current of 1 A lies in x-y plane. A long straight wire
lies in the same plane parallel to x-axis at a distance of 20 cm as shown in figure.

Find the direction & value of current that has to be maintained in the wire so that the net
magnetic field at O is zero.3 2024
27. Obtain an expression for the torque 𝜏 acting on a current carrying loop in a uniform magnetic
⃗ . Draw the necessary diagram.3
field 𝐵 2024
⃗ . With
28. A rectangular loop of area 𝐴, carrying current I, is placed in a uniform magnetic field 𝐵
the help of a suitable diagram, derive an expression, in vector form, for the torque acting on
the loop.3 2025
29.
A. A rectangular loop of sides 𝑙 and 𝑏 carries a current I clockwise. Write the magnetic
moment 𝑚 ⃗⃗ of the loop and show its direction in a diagram.2
B. The loop is placed in a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ and is free to rotate about an axis which
is perpendicular to 𝐵⃗ . Prove that the loop experiences no net force, but a torque 𝜏 = 𝑚⃗⃗ ×
⃗ .1
𝐵 2025
30. An electron (charge −𝑒, mass m) is revolving around a nucleus, in a hydrogen atom, in a circle
of radius r. Derive an expression, in vector form, for the magnetic dipole moment, ⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝜇𝑒 in terms
⃗
of its orbital angular momentum 𝐿. What is gyromagnetic ratio?3 2024

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

Previous Year CBQ

Read the following paragraphs and answer the questions that follow.
A galvanometer is an instrument used to show the direction and strength of the current passing
through it. In a galvanometer, a coil placed in a magnetic field experiences a torque and hence gets
deflected when a current passes through it. The name is derived from the surname of
Italian scientist L. Galvani, who in 1791 discovered that electric current makes a dead frog’s leg
jerk. a spring attached with the coil provides a counter torque.
In equilibrium, the deflecting torque is balanced by the restoring torque of the spring and we have:
𝑵𝑩𝑨𝑰 = 𝒌𝝓
where N is the total number of turns in the coil
A is the area of cross-section of each turn
B is the radial magnetic field
k is the torsional constant of the spring
ϕ is the angular deflection of the coil
As the current (Ig) which produces full scale deflection in the galvanometer is very small, the
galvanometer cannot as such be used to measure current in electric circuits. A small resistance,
called shunt, of a suitable value is connected with the galvanometer to convert it into an ammeter
of desired range. By using a higher resistance, a galvanometer can also be converted into a
voltmeter. 2025
A. The value of the current sensitivity of a galvanometer is given by:
𝑘 𝑁𝐵𝐴 𝑘𝐵𝐴 𝑘𝑁𝐵
a) 𝑁𝐵𝐴 b) 𝑘 c) 𝑁 d) 𝐴

B. A galvanometer of resistance 6Ω shows full scale deflection for a current of 0·2 A. The value
of shunt to be used with this galvanometer to convert it into an ammeter of range (0 5 A) is:
a) 0.25Ω b) 0.30Ω c) 0.50Ω d) 6.0Ω
C. The value of resistance of the ammeter in case (ii) will be:
a) 0.20Ω b) 0.24Ω c) 6.0Ω d) 6.25Ω
D. A galvanometer is converted into a voltmeter of range (0 − 𝑉) by connecting with it, a
resistance 𝑅1 . If 𝑅1 is replaced by 𝑅2 , the range becomes (0 − 2 𝑉). The resistance of the
galvanometer is:
a) (𝑅2 − 2𝑅1 ) c) (𝑅1 + 𝑅2 )
b) (𝑅2 − 𝑅1 ) d) (𝑅1 − 2𝑅2 )
E. A current of 5 mA flows through a galvanometer. Its coil has 100 turns, each of area of cross-
section 18 cm2 and is suspended in a magnetic field 0·20 T. The deflecting torque acting on
the coil will be :
a) 3.6 × 10−3 Nm c) 2.4 × 10−3 Nm
−4
b) 1.8 × 10 Nm d) 1.2 × 10−4 Nm

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

Previous Year THREE MARKS QUESTIONs

1. A bar magnet of magnetic moment 2 · 5 𝐽𝑇 −1 lies aligned with the direction of a uniform
magnetic field of 0·32T. 2024
A. Find the amount of work done to turn the magnet so as to align its magnetic moment
(i) normal to the field direction, and
(ii) opposite to the field direction.
B. What is the torque on the magnet in above cases (i) and (ii)?3
2. Two infinitely long parallel conductors A and B, separated by 2 cm, carry 6 A and 2 A currents
in opposite directions respectively. Find:
A. the net magnetic field at a point midway between A and B.
B. the force acting per unit length on B.3 2023
3.
A. Derive an expression for magnetic field on the axis of a current carrying circular loop.2023
B. Write any two points of difference between a diamagnetic and a paramagnetic substance.2
4.
A. Write the principle and explain the working of a moving coil galvanometer. A
galvanometer as such cannot be used to measure the current in a circuit. Why?3 2023
B. Why the magnetic field is made radial in a moving coil galvanometer? How is it achieved?2
5.
A. State Biot-Savart’s law for the magnetic field due to a current carrying element. Use this
law to obtain an expression for the magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius
‘a’& carrying a current ‘I’. Draw the magnetic field lines for a current loop indicating the
direction of magnetic field.3
B. An electron is revolving around the nucleus in a circular orbit with a speed of 107 𝑚/𝑠 If
the radius of the orbit is 10−10 m, find the current constituted by the revolving electron in
the orbit. 2 2023
6.
A. Derive an expression for the force acting on a current carrying straight conductor kept in a
magnetic field. State the rule which is used to find the direction of this force. Give the
condition under which this force is (1) maximum, and (2) minimum.3
B. Two long parallel straight wires A and B are 2.5 cm apart in air. They carry 5.0 A and 2.5
A currents respectively in opposite directions. Calculate the magnitude of the force exerted
by wire A on a 10 cm length of wire B.2 2023
7.
A. A particle of mass m and charge q is moving with a velocity 𝑣 in a magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ as
shown in the figure. Show that it follows a helical path. Hence, obtain its frequency of
revolution.3

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

B. In a hydrogen atom, the electron moves in an orbit of radius 2Å making 8 × 1014

revolutions per second. Find the magnetic moment associated with the orbital motion of
the electron.2 2024
8.
A. What is current sensitivity of a galvanometer? Show how the current sensitivity of a
galvanometer may be increased. Increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer may
not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity.” Explain.3 2024
B. A moving coil galvanometer has a resistance 15 Ω and takes 20 mA to produce full scale
deflection. How can this galvanometer be converted into a voltmeter of range 0 to 100 V?2
9.
⃗ in a non-uniform magnetic field traces a path as shown
A. A proton moving with velocity 𝑉
in the figure.

The path followed by the proton is always in the plane of the paper. what is the direction
of the magnetic field in the region near points P, Q & R? What can you say about relative
magnitude of magnetic fields at these points?2
B. A current carrying circular loop of area A produces a magnetic field B at its centre. Show
2𝐵𝐴 𝐴
that the magnetic moment of the loop is 𝜇 √𝜋.3 2025
0
10.
A. Derive an expression for the torque acting on a rectangular current loop suspended in a
uniform magnetic field.2
⃗ in a uniform magnetic field
B. A charged particle is moving in a circular path with velocity 𝑉
⃗ . It is made to pass through a sheet of lead & as a consequence, it loses one half of its
𝐵
kinetic energy without change in its direction. How will (1) the radius of its path (2) its
time period of revolution change?3 2025
11.
A. What is the source of force acting on a current-carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
field? Obtain the expression for force acting between two long straight parallel conductors
carrying steady currents & hence define ‘ampere’.2
B. A point charge q is moving with velocity 𝑣 in a uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ . Find the work
done by the magnetic force on the charge.2
C. Explain the necessary conditions in which the trajectory of a charged particle is helical in
a uniform magnetic field.1 2025
12.
A. A current carrying loop can be considered as a magnetic dipole placed along its axis.
Explain.1
B. Obtain the relation for magnetic dipole moment 𝑀⃗⃗ of current carrying coil. Give the
⃗⃗ .1
direction of 𝑀

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

C. A current carrying coil is placed in an external uniform magnetic field. The coil is free to
turn in the magnetic field. What is the net force acting on the coil? Obtain the orientation
of the coil in stable equilibrium. Show that in this orientation the flux of the total field (field
produced by the loop + external field) through the coil is maximum.3 2025
13.
A. With the help of a labelled diagram, explain the principle of working of a moving coil
galvanometer. Write the purpose of using (i) radial magnetic field, and (ii) soft iron core,
in it.3
B. Define current sensitivity of a galvanometer. “Increasing the current sensitivity may not
necessarily increase the voltage sensitivity.” Give reason.2 2025
14.
A.
(i) Write Ampere’s circuital law in mathematical form & explain the term used.1
(ii) As the current carrying solenoid is made longer, the magnetic field produced outside it
approaches zero. Why?1
(iii)A flexible loop of irregular shape carrying current when located in an external magnetic
field, changes to a circular shape. Give reason.1
B. A galvanometer of resistance G is converted into a voltmeter to measure up to V volts, by
connecting a resistance R1 in series with the coil. If R1 is replaced by R2, then it can only
measure up to V/2 volt. Find the value of the resistance R3 (in terms of R1 and R2) needed
to convert it into a voltmeter that can read up to 2 V.2 2025

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

Previous Year JEE & NEET QUESTIONs

1. Figure shows a current carrying square loop ABCD of edge length is ‘a’ lying in a plane. If the
resistance of the ABC part is r and that of ADC part is 2r, then the magnitude of the resultant
magnetic field at centre of the square loop is JEE 2025

2𝜇0 𝐼 √𝟐𝝁𝟎 𝑰 3𝜋𝜇0 𝐼 𝜇0 𝐼

a) b) c) d)
3𝜋𝑎 𝟑𝝅𝒂 √2𝑎 2𝜋𝑎

2. In a moving coil galvanometer, two moving coils 𝑀1 & 𝑀2 have the following particulars:
𝑅1 = 5Ω, 𝑁1 = 15, 𝐴1 = 3.6 × 10−3 𝑚2 , 𝐵1 = 0.25𝑇
𝑅2 = 7Ω, 𝑁1 = 21, 𝐴2 = 1.8 × 10−3 𝑚2 , 𝐵2 = 0.50𝑇
Assuming that torsional constant of the springs are same for both coils, what will be the ratio
of voltage sensitivity of 𝑀1 & 𝑀2 ? JEE 2025
a) 𝟏 ∶ 𝟏 b) 1 ∶ 3 c) 1 ∶ 2 d) 1 ∶ 4
3. Let 𝐵1 be the magnitude of magnetic field at center of a circular coil of radius R carrying current
I. Let 𝐵2 be the magnitude of magnetic field at an axial distance ‘x’ from the centre. for 𝑥 ∶
𝐵
𝑅 = 3 ∶ 4, 𝐵2 is: JEE 2025
1
a) 𝟔𝟒 ∶ 𝟏𝟐𝟓 b) 25 ∶ 16 c) 4 ∶ 5 d) 16 ∶ 25
4. Consider a long straight wire of a circular cross-section (radius a) carrying a steady current I.
The current is uniformly distributed across this cross-section. The distances from the centre of
the wire’s cross-section at which the magnetic field [inside the wire, outside the wire] is half
of the maximum possible magnetic field, anywhere due to the wire, will be JEE 2025
a) [𝑎/2, 3𝑎] b) [𝑎/4, 3𝑎/2] c) [𝒂/𝟐, 𝟐𝒂] d) [𝑎/4, 2𝑎]
5. An infinite wire has a circular bend of radius a, and carrying a current I as shown in the figure.
The magnitude of magnetic field at the origin O of the arc is given by: JEE 2025

𝜇0 𝐼 𝜋 𝝁𝟎 𝑰 𝟑𝝅 𝜇0 𝐼 𝜋 𝜇0 𝐼 3𝜋
a) [ + 2] b) [ 𝟐 + 𝟏] c) [ + 1] d) [ 2 + 2]
2𝜋 𝑎 2 𝟒𝝅 𝒂 4𝜋 𝑎 2 4𝜋 𝑎

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 MOVING CHARGES & MAGNETISM PHYSICS
QUESTION BANK GRADE XII

6. A proton and a deuteron (𝑞 = +𝑒, 𝑚 = 2𝑢) having same kinetic energies enter a region of
uniform magnetic field 𝐵 ⃗ , moving perpendicular to 𝐵
⃗ . The ratio of the radius 𝑟𝑑 of deutron
path to the radius 𝑟𝑝 of the proton path is: JEE 2024
a) 1 ∶ 2 c) √𝟐 ∶ 𝟏
b) 1 ∶ 1 d) 1 ∶ √2
7. The vertical component of the earth's magnetic field is 6 × 10−5 T at any place where the angle
of dip is 37°. The earth's resultant magnetic field at that place will be JEE 2022
(Given tan 37° = 3/4)
a) 8 × 10−5 T c) 5 × 10−4 T
b) 6 × 10−5 T d) 𝟏 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟒 T
8. A 2 amp current is flowing through two different small circular copper coils having radii ratio
1 : 2. The ratio of their respective magnetic moments will be NEET 2025
a) 2 : 1 b) 4 : 1 c) 1 : 4 d) 1 : 2
9. Match list I & II NEET 2024
List I List II
Material Susceptibility 𝝌
A. Diamagnetic I. 𝜒=0
B. Ferromagnetic II. 0 > 𝜒 ≥ −1
C. Paramagnetic III. 𝜒≫1
D. Non-magnetic IV. 0<𝜒<𝜀
(𝜀 𝑖𝑠 𝑠𝑚𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑝𝑜𝑠𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑣𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below
a) A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I c) A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
b) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV d) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
10. A long straight wire of length 2m and mass 250g is suspended horizontally in a uniform
horizontal magnetic field of 0.7T. The amount of current flowing through the wire will be
(𝑔 = 9.8𝑚𝑠 −2 ) NEET 2023
a) 2.45A b) 2.25A c) 2.75A d) 1.75A

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