I.

Computer
demo class
 Basic (Father, language, full foam)
 Hardware (input, output devices)
 MS Office =
1. MS Excel
2. MS Word
3. MS Powerpoint
 Internet
 Practice set\ Brain stroming
 Website
 Other topics
 COMPUTER is a electronic device.
Father of computer CHARLES
BABBAGE.
 Mother of computer ADA LOVELACE
(First Programmer).
 Programmer is a person who
designs Program.
 Software is a set of instructions and
intangiable in nature. ( Intangiable
means which you cannot touch or
see)
 Hardware are tangiable in
nature(touch, see)
[Link] = data enter. Ex. Keyboard,
mouse.
[Link] result. Ex. Speaker, moniter,
Printer.
 Touch Screen= Both input and
output device.
 Computer is a binary language.
(0,1) 0 means off and 1 means On
 Computer is short foam.
 Full foam of computer is:
C = commonly
O = operating
M = machine
P = particular
U = used for
T = technological and
E = educational
R = research
 IPO Cycle
Is a three stages
Input – Process – Output
 BASIC OF COMPUTER-
INTRODUCTION
 The meaning of computer is a
device which can calculate but
modern computer can do a lot more
than calculation.
 Father : CHARLES BABBAGE
 Computer is an electronic device
that receives input, stores or
processes the input as per
instructions and provides output in
desired format.
 Computer input is called Data.
(Raw facts and figures which can be
processed using arthimetic and
logical operations to obtain
information are called Data.) The
 output obtained after processing is
based on user’s instructions is called
information.
 The processes that can be applied
to data are of two types.
1. Arithmetic operations ex.
Calculation like add, square, root
etc.
2. Logical Operations ex. Greater
than, less than, opposite etc.
3. Binary language 0 and 1.
 nd
II. Lecture 2
Basic of computer
 BOOTING: Process of starting
computer.
Its of two types:
 Cold booting : when we Start
computer first time.
 Warm booting : when we restart
computer.
 Faster Booting : Warm Booting
 Reason : BIOS ( firm ware [means
permanently installed software agar
firmware nhii hoga toh system start
nhii hoga] { B: Basic I: Input, O:
Output, S: system})
 When we start Bios run so it takes
time but when we restart Bios
dosen’t run so the time gets saved.
 COMPONENTS
It is of two types:
1. Hardware (Tangible)
a. Input (data entry)
{keyboard, mouse,scanner}
b. Output (Result) {Moniter,
printer, speaker}
c. Memory: used for storing
data for future
i. Ram ( random acess
memory) { Random access
memory}
[ divided into two parts :
 S. Ram (Static random
access memory)
D. Ram ( Dynamic random
access memory)
ii. Rom {Read only memory}
[three types:
P Rom (Programmer read
only memory)
EP Rom (Eraseable
Programable read only
memory)
EEP Rom (Eletronically
erasable programeable
read only memory)
iii. Cache (Temporary
memory)
 2. Software (Intangiable) [ Set of
instructions]
Software is of two types:
a. Application : it’s for users exa:
MS office, word , powerpoint.
b. Operating : system ko need
hoti ha without this system
didn’t work exa: windows.
 The set of instructions or programs
that make the computer function
using these hardware parts are
called software. (Its tangiable)
 Utility software maintains
computer system. So that it dosen’t
get damaged.
 Characteristics of Computer
 Speed: computer can carry out 3-
4 million instructions per second.
 Accuracy: computers exhibit a
very high degree of accuracy.
 Errors that may occur are usually
due to inaccurate data. Wrong
instructions or bug in chips- all
human errors.
 Reliability- Computers can carry
out same type of work repeatedly
without throwing up errors.
 Versatility- Computers can carry
out a wide range of work from
data entry.
 Storage capacity- Computers can
store a very huge amount of data
 at a fraction of cost of traditional
storage of files.
 Booting: staring a computer or a
computer embedded device is called
booting.
 Booting takes place in two steps:
 Switching on power supply
 Loading operating system into
computer’s main memory.
 Keeping all applications in a state
of readiness in case needed by
the user .
 The first program or set of
instructions that run when the
computer is switched on is called
BIOS or Basic Input Output System.
Bios is a firmware. i.e a piece of
software permanently programmed
into the hardware.
If a system is already running but
needs to be restarted, it is called
rebooting. Rebooting may be required
if a software or hardware has been
installed or system is unusually slow.
There are two types of booting:
 Cold booting: When the system is
started by switching on the power
supply it is called cold booting. The
next step in cold booting is loading of
BIOS.
 Warm Booting: When the system is
already running and needs to be
restarted or rebooted, it is called
 warm booting. Warm booting is
faster than cold booting because
BIOS is not reloaded.
 Warm booting is faster.
 Advantages of using computer:
Computer can take routine tasks while
releasing human resource for more
intelligent functions.
Computer can do same task
repetitively with same
accuracy.
Computer so not get tired or
bored.
Computer can take up routine
tasks while releasing human
resource for intelligent
functions.
 Disadvantage of computer:
 Computer have no intelligence.
They follow the instructions
blindly without considering the
outcome.
 Regular electric supply is
necessary to make computers
work.
 No I.Q.
 No feelings.
 Dependency.