AQA

English as a second language

Writing notes

Prepared by / Ms Passant E. Sleem

Name : …………………………………………………
 Describing pictures
Exercise 1

How to describe a picture

For exercise 1 in the ESL AQA exam Ss are asked to give a vivid description of an image/ picture
provided in the exam.
- For the best result the Word limit should not be less than 50 and no more than 65
words (word limit in the exam is 30 to 50 words).
- Writing can be done in one paragraph or in two separate paragraphs.
- Each paragraph must show a clear and accurate form of a paragraph (introductory line,
supporting details, description and an ending line)
- Use descriptive language that makes it easy for a reader to visualize your description
- Use descriptive vocabulary that describes colours, shapes, location, dimension of objects
and places you see in the image
- If people are part of the picture describe activity being done, attire and facial
expressions if seen or shown clearly in the picture.

Vocabulary to be used in each part of your description:

1- Introductory statement:
The picture shows / depicts / is in …..
The picture was taken / shot / captured in …..
The black and white picture / the (adj.) coloured picture …..

2- Supporting details (locations in the picture):

In the foreground ….
In the background …..
On the right / left side of the picture ….
On the far /near right/left side of the picture ….
Behind – in front – between of …. A … can be seen clearly
In the middle/ center … can be seen …
And prepositions:
Next to, by, near, in front of, behind, between, in, on, under, above, etc.

3- People and place description :

It seems as if the woman/ man …..
The picture gives the feeling of ….
The man / woman shows the impression of ….
Examples of position in a picture:

In the top At the top In the top

left(-hand) right ( hand)
corner
corner

In the middle

On the left On the right

In the In the
bottom left bottom
hand hand right
At the bottom
 Look at the following pictures then answer the questions:

Where? Choose the right word:

The girls are on a (plane/ship).
You can see the (sea/park).
It is not clear which (nation/nationality} the
people are.
When? Choose the right word:
The weather is (fine/bad).
It looks like the scene is taking place in
(winter/summer).
Who? Put the missing words back in:
Girls/watching/hair/shorts/taking/young
wearing
There are two ____ in the foreground. They are
quite ____. Their black ____ is tied back. They
are ____ blue t-shirts and ____. There is a police
officer near them. Everybody is ____ them and
____ photos
What? Rearrange the sentence:
off two are a the side of ship jumping girls
Why? There may be many reasons for the girls’
action.
Any ideas?
...........................................................................
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State if the sentences are true or false: ............................................

a) There are three girls ready to dive in the sea ………

b) There is a guy holding people back ………….
c) This incident takes place at sea ………..
d) It happens on a plane ………
e) The ship is white ……….
f) The sea is choppy ………..
g) The girls feel relaxed ………..
h) They are wearing swimsuits ………..
i)They are sunbathing ………….
j) They must feel frightened …………
Use the words in the box to complete the description :
 young - vessel - holding - jumping - taken - chain - close – cameras - scared – feel - uniform - help - lifeguard
standing - calm

This photo was ___ at sea on quite a big ship. The blue sea is very ____ and
the weather seems fine. In the foreground, there are two ____ women or
girls. They look about eighteen or nineteen. They are ____ on the edge of the
deck and they are ____their noses. They have no special swimming or diving
equipment. They are ____ off the side of the ship into the sea. The photo is
taken just as they are jumping. The man who is the closest to them is in
____. He is holding a ____ and he is keeping other men back. He is stopping
anyone from getting too ____ to the girls.
In the background, there are more people. They have ___ and they are
taking photos of the girls. Some are quite close and others are up on a
higher deck. From what we can see, it looks like quite a modern, well-
equipped ____.
The girls must feel ____ ! They can smell the brine and ____the cool sea
breeze against their faces.
They may be jumping for a dare, or perhaps they are new recruits into the
Navy and have to prove that they are able swimmers. There might be a
dinghy beneath them on the sea that they can swim to, or maybe there are
already divers in the sea who will ____ them. There are two buoys in the
water. Maybe they have to reach them and bring them on board as part of
____ training.
 Describing Places:
Types of places: the country, the country-side, outdoors, the seaside, a beauty spot, a tourist spot,
a tourist’s paradise/attraction, the beach, a historic monument , a ruined place, a world famous sight,
the site of battle (sight = view; site = place)
Adjectives for places: remote, imposing, superb, easily accessible, inaccessible, peaceful,
interesting, memorable, awe-inspiring, world-famous, off the beaten track, little/much visited,
tourist-ridden,
beautiful, picturesque, isolated, breath-taking, pretty, bustling sleepy, lively, sparsely populated

To describe view Popular adjectives Better ways to say ‘shows’

amazing scenery
scenic views Exciting Accentuates implies
magnificent sights
Interesting Conveys indicates
outstanding view
breathtaking
Fascinating Describes infers
spectacular
Magnificent Displays introduces
To describe weather
Warm Emphasizes portrays
Stifling Incredible
Humid Establishes presents
Moist Vivid
Chilly Evokes proves
Freezing imaginative
Exhibits reinforces
To describe food creative
Tasty Explains reveals
Delicious unique
Extraordinary Exposes suggests
Spicy exceptional
Exotic highlights symbolises
Scrumptious extraordinary
unveils
illustrates
Use the present continuous to describe what
the people are doing.
Make a guess
Sometimes you cannot be sure what is happening in a photo or picture. Use
appropriate language to show that you are guessing. Use uncertain and
speculative language when you aren´t 100% sure.
- I think/ guess/ suppose it is…
- It’s not very clear, but probably
- I can´t quite make it out but, perhaps….
- Use phrases like perhaps, (it/there) might be, may be, could be,
probably, must be.

There might be a playground in the background.

Perhaps they’re coming back from school.
It’s probably a great place to live.

Now practice

Look at the following picture, write a description of what you see.

Use the following words (busy streets, bustling, sidewalk, pedestrian crossing, motorbikes)

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Look at the following picture, write a description of what you see.

Use the following words (parasailing, palm trees, emerald blue, azure blue, beach shezlongs
/long chairs)

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Look at the following picture, write a description of what you see.

Use the following words (light house, hot air balloon, flickering light,cliff)
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 Letter writing (formal / informal)
Exercise two

For task 2 we know that it’s always a letter, commonly used purposes for the writing are the
following :
 - invite
- Inform
- Explain
- Persuade
The audience or reader is always specified, in other words you know who you are writing to
and why. You will need to use some formal language even if you are writing to a friend.

This task is out of 12 marks with a word limit of 50 to 70 words.

How to gain marks:

- producing clear coherent text of extended length to present key points, details and ideas /
examples.
- making accurate use of vocabulary and grammar as well as spelling and punctuating your
email accurately.
-there will always be three bullet points and you must use them as they are compulsory and not
optional.
- always stay within the given 20 lines assigned for this task.

The following guidelines should be considered when writing the body of an informal email.

 Read the bullet points CAREFULLY. Take care of the tense (Are they past events or
future events?). Some bullet points will have 2 parts. You should cover both.

 Write 2-3 body paragraphs. It’s best to write 3 paragraphs, each covering a bullet point
in the order given in the question. However, you can still combine bullet 1 and bullet 2
in the 2nd paragraph and write bullet 3 in the 3rd paragraph.
 Keep to the topic (don’t wander away from the main subject of the email). Remind
yourself constantly by looking again at the question.

 Develop your Content very well by:

 1. Adding more details
2. Expressing your thoughts and feelings using a wide range of vocabulary, for example,

 I was surprised to see that…

 I was amazed to find that …
 I was disappointed to realize that …
 We were delighted to learn that …
 We were horrified to hear that …
 To my astonishment/delight/horror, …

3. Giving explanations where appropriate, for example, “I couldn’t pull myself together.
You know me—I always panic in emergencies.”

You can personalize by:

1. Mentioning something you know about your friend

E.g. I know you’re a nature lover, so why don’t you come along?

2. Mentioning something your friend knows about you

E.g. You know me—always the adventurer!

3. Mentioning previously shared experiences where relevant

E.g. Do you remember that orphanage we visited?

4. Just including your friend in your thoughts

E.g. I wonder what you would have done.

Here are some useful personalizing phrases:

 As you probably know, …

 As you can imagine, …
 As you might have guessed, …
 Wait until you meet/see/taste …
 You’ll be glad/pleased to know that …
 You’ll really enjoy …
 I know you love football, so I’ve…
 You know how I’m afraid of being alone/you know how scared I am of heights
 You know me—I always …
 I don’t need to tell you how excited I was when…
 I wish you’d seen the look on my grandma’s face when…
 Don’t you wish you’d been there?
 I wonder what you would have done.
 I was delighted to hear that you got your driving license.
 By the way, have you heard about Karim’s car accident?

Use cohesive devices and linking words. Here are some examples.

 Transition: anyway, anyhow

 Addition: and, also, plus, next, what’s more, not only that, but that’s not all, above all,
and best of all, and one of the best things …
 Contrast: but, yet, though
 Reasoning: because, so
 Other: fortunately, luckily, you know, well, by the way, you see Ben (or your friend’s first
name), etc.

Use questions and question tags to engage with your friend, for example, “What would
you have done?”, “How does that sound?”, “What do you think?”, “That’s terrifying, isn’t
it?”, “Sounds exciting, right?”, etc.
Now read the following sample question and answer.

You recently joined a new school and made new friends. Write an email to an old friend
where you :

-Describe the new friend

-Say what you like most about him or her

-Ask your friend to tell you his or her updates

Dear [Friend's Name],

I hope you’re doing well! I wanted to tell you about my new friend, Jamie. She’s really
friendly and loves art, which we often talk about. What I appreciate most is her creativity;
she has such unique ideas!

How have you been? I’d love to hear any updates from your side!

Looking forward to your reply!

Best wishes,

[Your Name]

A more extended response can be as follows:

Dear [Friend's Name],

I hope this email finds you well! I wanted to share some exciting news about my experience
at my new school. I've made a great friend named Alex. He’s in my math class and has a
really easygoing personality. What I like most about him is his sense of humor; he always
knows how to lighten the mood, especially during stressful study sessions.

Alex is also really into sports and often plays soccer on the weekends. I’ve enjoyed joining
him and his friends for some friendly matches. It’s been a fun way to bond and get to know
each other better.

I’d love to hear what’s new with you! How have you been? Any updates on your school or
life in general?

Looking forward to your reply!

Best wishes,

[Your Name]

Now practice
 Email describing a person
Write a letter to a friend about a distant family member who came to visit you for two days. .
You must write about:
• who the family member is
• what happened since his arrival
• how you felt during his / her visit

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email describing an event

Write a letter to a family member about an event at school that you have enjoyed.
You must write about:
• what the event was
• what happened at the event
• why you enjoyed it.

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email providing information and asking for help / favour

You are going to do some voluntary work.

Write a letter to a friend asking them to help you with the voluntary work.
You must write about:
• what the voluntary work is
• why you want to do the voluntary work
• what are you asking your friend to help you with.

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email describing a place

You moved to a new city.

Write an email to a friend telling them about it.
You must write about:
• what the city is like
• what are the activities you enjoy in the new city
• why you like it or not like it

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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You have been on a trip abroad.

Write an email to a friend telling them about it.
You must write about:
• where did you go
• what you enjoyed most about your trip
• why you like it or not like it

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email describing a building

You have been on a school trip to a historical building.

Write an email to a friend telling them about your visit.
You must:
• describe the building
• what you saw as an interesting detail about it
• how you felt about the visit

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email asking for advice

You have been facing difficulty in studying one of your school subjects.
Write an email to a friend asking for his/her advice.
You must:
• say what subject are you finding difficult
• what are the problems you’re facing
• ask for advice on how to deal with the difficulty you’re facing

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email to inform and invite

You are hosting a party for New Year’s Eve.

Write an email to your friend who lives in another town, inviting him / her to attend your party.
You must:
• what are the details of your party
• where is the exact location of the party
• what plans you arranged for the party.

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email responding to an invitation

You have been invited to attend a friend’s graduation party.

Write an email responding to the invitation.
In your letter you must:
• thank your friend for the invitation
• decline the invitation
• give reasons for not being able to go

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Email thanking someone

A friend has helped you with a big problem you’ve had.

Write a letter to your friend thanking him / her for their help.
In your letter you must:
• thank your friend the help
• explain how the problem was resolved
• offer them something in return / as a gesture of appreciation.

Your letter should be between 50 and 70 words. Do not write an address.

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Diary entry writing

Exercise three
In task 3 you are combining two styles of writing:
Writing to inform / explain + writing to convey feeling / opinions

Word limit is 70 to 90 words for this task.

Essentials of a good Diary Entry

 First person- We use first-person narration when making a diary entry because it is a
piece of writing about events from our own viewpoint. A Diary Entry should offer a
unique first-hand perspective of momentous times in your life.
 Past tense- Diaries should be written in the past tense since they mainly describe events
that have already happened.
 Personal style- A diary can be a place to hide private thoughts, or a record of personal
memories, or just a way of organizing a day.
“People who keep journals have life twice,” said author Jessamyn West.
Keeping a diary allows you to reflect on both happy and unpleasant experiences. It lets
you realize how much one has evolved or what mistakes one made in the past. Diary can
also help one take note of fears and even deal with them.
 Observations, thoughts and feelings- A Diary Entry is the most honest, fascinating, and
harrowingly personal piece of writing. You can be free and as creative as you like.
When in doubt write about what did you see and how did it make you feel?
 Date- A good diary entry contains the date, day and even the hour of composing. You
can also add the place.
 Chronological order- Diarie are written in the order in which they happened, that is
their chronological order. Use time conjunctions like primarily, next, then and finally to
show this.
  Emotive language- Creativity, imagination and expression in diary writing are tested.
Since Diary is an informal piece of writing, you can let your emotions flow through the
ink. You can use words like “Wow” or “Oh my God”.

Diary Writing Format

 Day and Date
 Time
 Salutation – ‘Dear Diary’
 First person
 Past Tense
 Chronological order
 Emotions and feelings
 Time conjunctions
 Contents of the diary entry
 Signature

Samples of diary entry writing

Write a diary entry about the most important experience from your childhood that you can
recollect.

Wednesday, 10 July 2023

9 PM

New York

Dear Diary,
The sound of raindrops patting against my roof last night brought up a lot of pleasant memories. I
thought I could feel the sound of the water on the roof on my face. As I was lying in my warm and
comfortable bed, I heard raindrops tapping on my roof. This came to me in the form of childhood
memories and pleasant dreams.
I recall jumping in the muddy puddles with my neighborhood friends and singing songs with them. It
was fun. I remember coming home to the sweet aroma of freshly baked pasteries and enjoying those
delicacies with my loved ones. Those were the days!

Charlie
You found a collared cat wandering near your home. It was searching for food and looked
scared. Write a diary entry expressing your feelings about it.

Friday, 27 January 2023

11 PM

Shimla

Dear Diary,

Recently I found a pretty cat in the garage of my house. The cat was quite frightened. The cat was
very sad and I could tell it hadn’t eaten for days. I took the cat inside my house and cared for her.
Next, I noticed the cat was collared. I called the number written on the collar but couldn’t get
through. Eventually, I got in touch with the pet owner and we decided to meet at the Mall Road.
While taking care of the cat, I had formed an attachment with it. But I had to return it.
When I returned the cat to its owners, the smile on their faces and the way the cat purred melted my
heart. The feeling is indescribable and something beyond selflessness.

Luna

You saw deforestation taking place on the outskirts of your city. Make a diary entry
expressing your feelings.

Sunday, 15 April 2023

10.30 PM

Dear Diary,

Today I noticed a very terrifying act of the trees being cut. As I have always learnt in school, trees
should not be cut. I was feeling sad as this act took place near my house only.
The trees contribute a lot to everyone and hence they are much helpful to human beings. So
deforestation should be stopped, and for this the government should also take steps. We know that
trees are the lungs of nature. We should also take initiatives which help preserve the environment,
like planting more trees. It is disheartening to see how man is giving so much importance to his
convenience and is heartlessly ruining the ecosystem and rendering so many birds and animals
homeless! I wish humans would come to their senses soon.

Sandy

Diary Entry about a School Picnic.

Thursday, 28 March 2024

11:00pm

Dear Diary,

Today, excitement brims over as I prepare for our school picnic. The day ahead promises a
bundle of joy with my dear classmates and teachers. I’ve packed my bag with snacks, a camera,
and a wide grin. Our plan is to explore the nearby forest, play games, and have a picnic lunch
under the azure sky. I hope to relish every moment, sharing laughter and making memories. It’s
a day to cherish, away from textbooks and routines. Can’t wait for the adventures that await us!

Yours eagerly,
Rani

The following are some common mistakes to avoid when writing a diary entry:

1. Avoid abbreviations, and sentence structure and language should be grammatically

correct.
2. The entry should be written in past tense, as the day or the incident you are writing
about has already happened.
3. Be careful not to misspell the word ‘diary’ as ‘dairy’.
4. The content in the main body should be related to the incident or experience. Also, keep
the word limit in mind.

Now practice
Writing a diary has long been a method for documenting events or feelings. Don’t forget
that practise is the key to perfection.

1. We all were inside our homes during the lockdown period. Write your feelings in the
form of a diary entry.

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2. You recently met your idol you admire the most and you are feeling on top of the world.
Write a diary entry about it.

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3. You recently watched a movie/documentary/web series and it affected you a lot. Write a
diary entry about it.

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4. You went to a national park for Nature Study where you saw some of your peers
throwing stones at the animals.

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5. You recently visited an Orphanage Home. Write a diary entry about your experience.

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6. You recently caught your best friend cheating in the exam hall. You complained to the
invigilator. As a result, your best friend cut off all ties with you. Write a diary entry about your
feelings.

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7. Recently your parents allowed you to travel all alone to visit your cousins. Write a diary
entry about your experience.

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8. You were watching a horror show at night and suddenly started hearing strange noises.
Write a diary entry describing your paranormal experience.

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9. You studied about nutrition in school. Write a diary entry mentioning the habits you
inculcated in your routine to lead a healthy life.

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10. You got the best birthday gift till now. Write a diary entry expressing your gratitude.

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Blog entry writing

 Exercise three
include the date and/or time;

What is Blog Writing?

Blog writing is the process of creating content for an online journal or informational website
known as a blog. This content typically includes articles, diary-style entries, or opinion pieces
that are regularly updated and written in an engaging, conversational style. The primary aim of
blog writing is to inform, entertain, or engage readers on various topics, ranging from personal
experiences to news and advice.

Blog Writing Format

1. Title and Introduction
Title: Create a catchy and relevant title that includes keywords.
Introduction: Write a compelling hook, provide an overview of the blog post, and state the
main point or purpose of your blog.
2. Body content
The body of your blog post should be divided into many paragraphs, each focusing on a
different subtopic related to your topic.
Explain a topic in your blog post with :
- Examples
- Statistics
- Research findings
- Real-life stories
So your blog is easily understood.
3. Conclusion
End your blog with a thought-provoking question or a suggestion for further reading on the
topic. You can also add a clear call to action, prompting readers to engage further with your
content. Also, you can tell the readers to share the post on social media, subscribe to your
blog, or explore related articles on your website. Finish your blog with your signature phrase
that reflects your personal style or the tone of your blog. This adds a nice finishing touch to
your post and leaves readers with a positive impression.
For example:
- Keep learning, Keep growing!,
- Keep it simple, keep it clear!, etc.
- Stay focused, stay inspired. Happy writing!”
- Stay inspired, stay writing!

How do you write a blog step by step?

Step 1 – Write a Catchy Title for your Content
Step 2 – Introduction
Step 3 – Body Of Your Blog Post
Step 4 – Conclusion
Step 5 – Call to Action
Step 6 – Closing
Phrases to use in different parts of your blog

Do you want to learn how Want to know more

to __? So you want to __? about __?
Have you wondered why Don’t you just hate it
__? Ever noticed how __? when __?
Have you ever found
Do you hate __? yourself __? Do you have a __?
Seriously, how do you __? What if you could __? Wouldn’t it be great if __?
You know what I’m tired of Can I be totally honest
hearing? Want to know a secret? with you?
Who else wants to __? Are you sick and tired of? Does this sound familiar?

Set the scene

Setting the scene fulfils the reader’s need for intrigue and entertainment. It creates a mental
picture in their mind and turns the opening of your post into a powerful emotional
experience.

Picture this Imagine this Just imagine

Imagine what it would Think about this for a It’s a familiar story and
be like moment it usually goes like this
It begins with a feeling You start to worry
You know the score of that
You feel you’re banging You’re in a never- You’ve sweated blood
your head against a wall ending battle to
You’ve tried everything.
But You’re afraid that You cower in fear
You freeze in your tracks You drown in You dream of
You yearn for
Here are some of the simplest conjunctions and most common ones:

First of all First off For starters

To begin with Next Likewise
Similarly Otherwise Besides
By contrast Moreover In any case
What’s more Beyond that So
Even so Or even better But that’s not all
Yet However Nevertheless
Either way In other words For example
For instance Then again Still
After all Above all Most of all
To top it off And another thing In addition to that
Finally Lastly Also

Sum up
It’s also one sure way to get your message across in blog posts. So once you’ve finished what you have to say, say it again
in a closing summary:

In short In all All in all

In truth In essence Let’s recap
So what does all this
Let’s rewind and To sum up mean?
But the bottom line is this So it all adds up to this In a nutshell

Leave them thinking

Ask your reader a question, issue a warning, put the ball in their court or leave them in suspense. That way, you’ll leave
them thinking. So they won’t forget your post in a hurry:
I’m ready. Are you? Are you ready to __? Do you want it?
So what are you waiting
Can you handle it? What’s stopping you? for?
What have you got to Can you really afford not What could be more
lose? to? important?
And isn’t that what you
What could be better? How can you resist? want?
It’s easier than you think It’s up to you The choice is yours
It’s down to you It’s your decision It’s your call
It’s your money It’s your business It’s all in your pitch
You’re just leaving money
on the table You’re robbing yourself of That’s quite a challenge
Now that’s a problem And that’s just sad Don’t let this be you
The good news is that this But don’t just take my
doesn’t have to be you word for it Soon you’ll have it figured
Soon you’ll have them Do that and you’ll live Trust me. You’ll be glad
eating out your pocket happily ever after you did.
Trust me. It’ll all be worth Should make interesting But that’s for another
it. reading post
And that was just the But that’s just the tip of
But that’s another story beginning the iceberg
That’s all that really
matters

Example of a blog entry

My Plans After Finishing School

As I approach the end of my school journey, I find myself filled with excitement and
anticipation for the future. When I finish school, I have several goals I would like to achieve.
First and foremost, I plan to pursue higher education. I am passionate about studying
environmental science and hope to attend university to deepen my knowledge in this field. I
believe that understanding our planet’s challenges is crucial for creating a sustainable future.
In addition to my studies, I want to gain practical experience through internships or volunteer
work. This hands-on experience will help me apply what I learn in the classroom and make
valuable connections in my chosen field.
After completing my education, I dream of working for an organization that focuses on
environmental conservation. I want to contribute to projects that protect wildlife and promote
sustainable practices.
Ultimately, my goal is to make a positive impact on the world. I am excited about the
opportunities that lie ahead and look forward to shaping my future after school!

What Makes Soccer the Beautiful Game?

Have you ever felt the thrill of watching a perfectly executed goal? For me, soccer is more than
just a sport; it’s a passion that captures the heart and soul of millions around the world.
From the moment I first kicked a ball, I was hooked. Soccer is unique in its ability to bring
people together, transcending language and culture. Whether it’s playing with friends in the
park or watching my favorite team on TV, the excitement is always palpable.
One of the things I love most about soccer is the teamwork involved. Every player has a role,
and the synergy between teammates can create magic on the field. The joy of assisting a goal
or celebrating a hard-fought victory is unparalleled.
Additionally, soccer keeps me active and healthy. Running up and down the field builds
stamina and improves my coordination. It’s a fun way to stay fit while enjoying the game I love.
In conclusion, soccer is not just a sport; it’s a way of life. Its ability to unite people and inspire
passion is what makes it truly beautiful. I can’t wait for the next match to begin!
 Now practice
Write a blog entry about your experience in having a gap year after finishing high school.
You must write about :
 What made you take this decision
 What were the benefits
 Were there any regrets you had about the decision
 Advise other high school students to do the same or not (say your reasons)
Your blog entry should be between 70 to 90 words.
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[ /16]
Write a blog about a film that you have enjoyed watching.
You must include:
 The name of the film
 Where you watched the film
 What the film is about
 Why you liked the film
Your blog should be 70 to 90 words.

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[ /16]
Write a blog entry about healthy living.
You could explain:
 Why is it important for young people to stay healthy
 How young people can stay healthy
 Benefits of a healthy life style
Your blog should be 70 to 90 words.

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[ /16]
Write a blog about friendship.
You could explain:
 Why people enjoy having friends
 How someone has been a good friend to you.
Your blog should be between 70 and 90 words.

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[ /16]
Write a blog post about someone you know who has inspired you.
You must state:
• the name of the person
• how long you have known them
• what you like about them
• how they have inspired you.
Your blog should be between 70 and 90 words.

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 Article writing
( argumentative / opinionated )
Exercise 3 and 4
Writing an article

The purpose of an article is often to inform and persuade the reader. Articles gives information
about a certain topic and can also be used to persuade the reader that a certain viewpoint is
correct. However, they often provide a balanced argument which lets the reader make up their
own mind about the topic. Articles can be used in newspapers or magazines and will express a
certain viewpoint or perspective – this can be positive or negative depending on the topic. The
language and vocabulary you use will depend on the audience you are writing for.

Language
Think about the audience that the article is for. The tone of the article should be formal but
should be engaging. Each paragraph should have a different idea.
Use linking words which suit a formal type of writing, such as ‘Firstly’, ‘Furthermore’ or ‘In
conclusion.’
Use correct spelling, punctuation and grammar.
Organisation
An article should have well-developed ideas and should be clear. One way to structure your
article is:
• Introduction – outline the main point of the article. Engage the reader to make them
interested in the topic.
• Opinion – agree/disagree with the viewpoint expressed in the statement. Back up your ideas
with evidence and with persuasive language features.
• Opinion – now disagree/agree with the viewpoint expressed in the statement. Back up your
ideas with evidence and with persuasive language feature.
• Conclusion- this should summarise what you have said and can often ask readers to now
make up their own minds for the future.

Alternatively, if you do not want to discuss the other side of the argument then your third
paragraph should offer another reason to support your viewpoint. Make sure that you talk
about different ideas so that you don’t repeat yourself.
 Examples of article writing
Your brother is six years old and you want to gift him a set of books. Write an article in about 150 words,
under the title ‘The Lasting Value of Books’.

The Lasting Value of Books

Books are our constant companions. They are great sources of knowledge and entertainment.
Books can open up the unknown world to us and familiarise us with the unfamiliar. It is
fascinating to read about various things that one has never seen or heard about. Books are the
tools with which we can explore the vast world around us.

Thus, it is very essential to make a child understand the importance of books. One can
motivate a child to read books by describing various adventures in books and presenting the
child with books instead of toys. A child soon tires of toys which are only a source of
momentary attraction. But once the reading habit is inculcated in a child, it will automatically
grow and develop. It is a habit that reaps rich rewards for a lifetime.
Books have stood the test of time and last forever. They never grow old or change like fashions
or toys. Their real importance is understood only in retrospection and so have a lasting impact
on readers. Thus, we should give a child gifts that last and endure.
The Delhi administration has launched a campaign against the use of polythene bags. Write
an article on ‘Hazards of Polythene Bags’ in about 150 words for your school magazine.

Hazards of Polythene Bags

Polythene bags have become very popular for carrying our shopping home. These bags are
light, handy, attractive and strong. Shopkeepers find them easy to store and customers regard
them as beneficial too. But they are a big threat to our environment.

They have many adverse effects, for example, they are not biodegradable and produce
noxious gases when burnt. They choke the drains and provide breeding grounds to deadly
germs. Animals and birds mistake them for food and when they eat them, their digestive
systems get disturbed. These bags never decay and the fertility of the earth is lost due to their
excessive use. Thus, the greenery of the earth is hampered.

The poisonous gases produced on burning the polythene bags cause serious diseases like
bronchitis, allergy, cancer, etc. in human beings. Therefore it is our responsibility to stop the
use of polythene bags. We should take an active part in the anti-polythene campaign launched
by the Delhi administration.

The wealth under the sea water in the form of the amazing aquatic life is of paramount
importance to maintain the balance in nature. Write an article for the school magazine on
the topic ‘The vital life of the sea-bed’. Do not exceed 150 words .

The Vital Life of the Sea Bed

The sea bed, often overlooked, is a treasure trove of life that plays a crucial role in maintaining
the balance of our ecosystem. Home to diverse species, from vibrant corals to mysterious
deep-sea creatures, the sea bed supports complex food webs that sustain marine life. These
organisms contribute to nutrient cycling and help regulate the ocean's health.
Moreover, underwater plants like seagrasses and kelp forests provide oxygen and act as natural
carbon sinks, combating climate change. They also serve as habitats for countless species,
ensuring biodiversity.
The sea bed’s resources, including fish and shellfish, are vital for human nutrition and
economies worldwide. Protecting this vital habitat is essential not only for marine life but also
for our own survival. By conserving our oceans, we safeguard the intricate web of life beneath
the waves, ensuring a healthier planet for future generations.

Your turn to practice

Fashion trends today change even faster than day changes into night. Young people want to
possess the latest designer clothes or the latest model in cell phones even though their
existing ones are in quite a good condition. Everyone wants to prove that he is just as good as
his friends, or maybe even a step ahead. Write an article entitled ‘Race with Fashion’. Do not
exceed 150 words.

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These days we frequently hear reports of trees getting uprooted even during a light storm. We
are losing our precious green friends and this is a cause for concern. Write an article in 150
words discussing why these big trees are falling over and what we can do to slow this down.
You may use the following points while discussing the reasons behind this:

• diminishing open ground and soil area around the roots due to cemented footpaths
• digging up of roads to install communication cables and pipelines
• unplanned cutting of the extending branches, causing the trees to lose balance and topple
over

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Write an article to argue that music is an important part of people’s lives.
You could write about:
• why people enjoy music
• how music can benefit people.

Your article should be between 100 and 150 words.

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Write an article explaining how computers, tablets and phones can help students with
their learning.
Explain:
• why computers, tablets and phones are helpful to students
• how you have used a computer, tablet or phone to help you learn.

Your article should be between 100 and 150 words.

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Write an article for the local newspaper about a special event that has taken place at
your school recently.
You must write about:
• what the event was
• where and when the event took place
• what happened at the event
• your feelings about the event.

Your article should be between 100 and 150 words.

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Write an article for your school magazine about a
lesson you enjoy.
You must write about:
• which lesson you enjoy
• when you have the lesson
• what you do in the lesson
• why you enjoy it.

Your article should be between 100 and 150 words.

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Write an article in which you argue that education is the best and most important part
of a young person’s life.
You could argue:
• how going to school or college is an enjoyable experience
• why getting a good education is very important.

Your article should be between 100 and 150 words.

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Wish all of you writing prodigies the best of luck!
Ms. Passant E. Sleem