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GRADE 2 Rationalized Environmental Hygiene Notes
Term 1
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT
Our Home
Personal items
Things I should not share
Personal items are things we use to keep ourselves clean
Personal items should not be shared with other people.
• Do not share your handkerchief.
• Do not share your toothbrush
• Do not share your comb
• Do not share your face towel
Sharing personal items can make us sick.
How to make personal items
1. We can make a toothbrush from a chewed stick
2. We can make a handkerchief from an old piece of cloth
3. We can make a face towel from an old piece of cloth
We can also use salt as toothpaste
How to make toothpaste
You will need: clean water,spoon,salt and a cup
1. Put some clean water in a cup
2. Add two small spoons of salt
3. Stir the water until the salt is finished
4. Use the salty water as toothpaste to brush your teeth
Exercise
Care for personal items
Handkerchief
A handkerchief is a small piece of cloth we use to clean the nose.
You can also use a handkerchief when sneezing.
Do not blow your nose with your fingers. This can spread germs to other people.
Do not share your handkerchief. It can make you sick.
Learn how to clean a handkerchief
You will need: a basin,soap,salt, clean water and a handkerchief.
1. Put some water in a basin
2. Add some soap
3. Add some little salt. Stir the water.
4. Wash your handkerchief in the water.
5. Rinse in clean water. Hand to dry.
Always use a clean handkerchief.
Wash your handkerchief with soap and salty water
The salt makes the dirt soft
Face towel
A face towel is a piece of cloth we use to dry our face .
• Use a face towel to dry your face
• Wash your face towel when it gets dirty
• Do not share your face towel
How do we clean a face towel?
Learn how to clean your face towel
You will need; a basin,soap,water and a face towel
1. Put some water in a basin
2. Add some soap
3. Wash your face towel
4. Rinse in clean water
5. Hang to dry.
Combs and hair brushes
We use combs and hair brushes to comb our hair.
Do not share your comb or hair brush.
Sharing combs and hair brushes can spread ringworms and lice.
Learn how to clean combs and hair brushes
You will need: warm water,basin, soap and a small stick.
1. Use a small stick to remove pieces of hair from the hairbrush and comb. You can also use
fingers.
2. Wash the comb and hairbrush in warm soapy water
3. Rinse in clean water
4. Shake to dry
5. Put the comb and hairbrush in a clean place.
Toothbrush
Do not share your toothbrush with other people.
Sharing your toothbrush can make you sick.
Sometimes put your toothbrush in warm salty water for about 30 minutes.
The warm salty water kills germs
Exercise
Family needs and wants
Family needs are those essential things that a family or an individual can not do without.
Family needs are very important to the physical and social well being of the family.
Family needs can also be called basic needs
Family needs are food, clothing and shelter
Family wants
Family wants are those things a family desires to have but are not that important.
A family can still do without family [Link] wants are:-
T.V, chocolates,cars, entertainment,sofasets,
How family needs and wants are met
All humans require three things to survive; food, clothing and shelter which are called basic needs.
People need food to eat,cloth to wear and a house to live in so that they can be safe and healthy.
In order for these needs to be met,many people work so that they can earn money to purchase the
things to meet these basic needs.
Other people are self producers, which means they grow,make or build things that help them meet their
basic needs.
In some cultures people make their own clothes from wool they get from sheep they raise.
Others grow cotton and spin it into clothes for themselves or sell the clothes to businesses which make
it into clothing and sell in stores
Some people even build their own homes.
Other people produce items and then trade them for items that meet their needs.
Farmers grow food and sometimes trade them for things they do not have.
People have choices on how they can meet their needs.
They can rent a home,buy a home or build their own home.
For example, farmers can grow grain and vegetables and eat them( self produce) or they can trade their
grain and vegetables for other basic needs.
They can also sell their produce to factories which produce it into food for distribution through grocery
stores, which allows them to have money to buy things to meet their basic needs
Exercise
1. Write if it is a need or want?
2. Things we need in order to survive are called ______(wants,needs)
3. Examples of family needs are ______,______,____
4. A TV is a______(need,want)
5. How do families meet their needs?____(stealing, buying)
Our School
Keeping our school clean
Things that makes our school dirty
Look at the pictures below . The things in the pictures below makes the school dirty.
The things that makes the school environment dirty are;-
• Papers
• Plastic bottles
• Peels of fruits
• Plastic tins
• Torn books thrown all over
• Dry leaves from trees
• Sticks and stones
How do we keep the school clean?
We keep the school environment clean in many ways:-
• Sweeping the classroom
• Collecting rubbish
• Mopping
• Cutting long grass
• Picking all the papers from the school compound
• Washing latrines
• Arranging desks in our classes
A picture below shows children cleaning the school
Why should we keep our School clean?
1. A clean school environment looks beautiful
2. A clean school does not have things that cause diseases
3. A clean school does not have things that can hurt us.
Keeping safe and secure in school
What are the dangers in school?
Look at the pictures below
The things above can cause harm in school
Things that can cause harm in school are;-
• Broken desks
• Dirty toilets
• Long grass
• Slippery floors
• Broken pieces of glass
• Thorn plants
Things that can hurt us in school
Look at the pictures below
The pictures above show things that can hurt us in school.
• Touching sockets with bare hands is very dangerous
• Climbing trees can make us fall from broken branches
• Sheltering under a tree when it is raining is very dangerous
• Sliding on stairs isn’t good it can hurt us
How do we keep safe in school?
We keep safe in school by;-
• Watching out for slippery floors.
• Avoid touching sockets
• We should not accept gifts from strangers.
• Wash your hands after visiting the toilets
• Never shelter under a tree when it’s raining.
Exercise
Our National Flag
Colours of the national flag
• Our National Flag has four colours
• The four colours of the flag are;- black,white, red,green.
• We raise the flag in school every Monday and Friday.
What do we do when the flag is being raised?
• We should respect the national flag
• We should stand when it is being raised or lowered
• We should not move or walk when raising or lowering the flag.
• We show love to our country when we do this