CLINICAL RISK FACTORS
CLINICAL RISK FACTORS range from the items listed in the right-hand column below
that are of lesser severity (previously called Intermediate risk factors) to the Active
Cardiac Conditions (in the left-hand column below) that we have previously
encountered that are High risk. Active cardiac conditions confer a greater than 5% risk
of perioperative events (MI or death). The CLINICAL RISK FACTORS listed here when
present give a 1-5% risk of perioperative cardiac events.
Note: Other cardiovascular risk factors that were previously considered "low risk" have
not proven to increase perioperative risk at all. These are: age > 70y/o, abnormal ECG
(LVH, LBBB, ST-T wave changes) and uncontrolled hypertension. Therefore, these have
been dropped from consideration in the preoperative evaluation entirely.
CLINICAL RISK
ACTIVE CARDIAC CONDITIONS
FACTORS
Unstable coronary syndromes History of heart disease
(ACS, recent MI (i.e. < 30 days
since event)
CHF (hx of)----
Significant arrhythmias
compensated
Severe valvular disease (AS with MI (hx of) or EKG-
40 mm Hg or 1.2 cm2 or abnormal Q waves
symptomatic, MS with symptoms
(DOE, pre-syncope or HF)
CHF (decompensated (NYHA IV) DM
or new onset
Renal Insufficiency (Cr >
2.0)
CVA