1
Variables, Expressions, Statements, and Functions
Myat Ei Zin
University of the People
CS 1101-01 Programming Fundamentals – AY 2025 – T5
Instructor Name: Gbenga Vincent Dania
3rd July, 2025
Unit-2
2
Part 1: Calculating the Circumference of a Circle
In this assignment, we are asked to create a Python function that calculates and prints the
circumference of a circle based on the formula
Circumference = 2 × π × r
π (pi) = 3.14159, and
r = the radius of the circle
The function will accept the radius as a parameter and print the result. We will also call the
function three times with different radii to demonstrate how it works with various inputs.
Python functions allow us to reuse code and make our programs more organized and readable
(Downey, 2015). By using parameters, we can pass different values into our function to calculate
different results dynamically.
Python Code with Comments
Function to calculate and print the circumference of a circle
def print_circum(radius)
Unit-2
3
pi = 3.14159 # Approximate value of pi
circumference = 2 * pi * radius # Formula to calculate circumference
print(f"The circumference of a circle with radius {radius} is {circumference:.2f}")
# Call the function with three different radius values
print_circum(5) # First call with radius = 5
print_circum(10.5) # Second call with radius = 10.5
print_circum(2) # Third call with radius = 2
The circumference of a circle with radius 5 = 31.42
The circumference of a circle with radius 10.5 = 65.97
The circumference of a circle with radius 2 = 12.57
Explanation of the Code and Output
The function print_circum () takes one argument: radius.
Inside the function, pi = 3.14159
The circumference is calculated using the formula 2 * pi * radius.
The result is printed using an f-string with formatting to two decimal places (:.2f).
Unit-2
4
We called the function three times
- With radius 5, resulting in a circumference of 31.42.
- With radius 10.5, giving a larger circumference of 65.97.
- With radius 2, resulting in a smaller circumference of 12.57.
This demonstrates how changing the input parameter affects the output, which is a key concept
when working with functions in Python.
Part 2: Catalog Purchase Function for a Company
In this task, I created a Python function that simulates a product catalog system for a company
that sells three items. The company allows customers to buy items individually, in a combination
of two (combo pack), or all three together (gift pack). The function handles pricing and discounts
based on the type of purchase, as described below
A. No discount is applied for individual items.
B. A 10% discount is applied when two unique items are purchased.
C. A 25% discount is applied for a gift pack containing all three items.
Unit-2
5
Python Code with Comments
# Define item prices
item_prices = {
"ItemA": 50,
"ItemB": 30,
"ItemC": 20
# Function to calculate price with applicable discounts
def calculate_total(*items)
total = sum(item_prices[item] for item in items)
discount = 0
if len(set(items)) == 2
discount = 0.10 # 10% discount for combo pack
elif len(set(items)) == 3
discount = 0.25 # 25% discount for gift pack
discounted_total = total * (1 - discount)
print(f"Items purchased: {', '.join(items)}")
print(f"Original total: ${total:.2f}")
print(f"Discount applied: {int(discount * 100)}%")
Unit-2
6
print(f"Final total after discount: ${discounted_total:.2f}\n")
Output
Online Store
Product (S) Price
Item A $ 50
Item B $ 30
Item C $ 20
Combo 1 (Item A + B) $ 80
Combo 2 (Item B + C) $ 50
Combo 3 (Item A + C) $ 70
Combo 4 (Item A + B + C) $ 100
Items purchased: ItemA
Original total: $50.00
Discount applied: 0%
Final total after discount: $50.00
Items purchased: ItemA, ItemB
Original total: $80.00
Discount applied: 10%
Final total after discount: $72.00
Unit-2
7
Items purchased: ItemA, ItemB, ItemC
Original total: $100.00
Discount applied: 25%
Final total after discount: $75.00
Technical Explanation of the Code and Output
The function `calculate_total` uses variable-length arguments (*items) to allow flexibility in how
many items a customer chooses to purchase. It calculates the total price using a dictionary of
item prices. Based on how many unique items are included in the purchase, it applies the
appropriate discount (0%, 10%, or 25%). The function then prints a detailed breakdown of the
items purchased, original price, discount percentage, and the final amount to be paid.
The function illustrates concepts like dictionaries for item storage, conditionals for logic, and the
use of `*args` to accept multiple parameters dynamically.
Unit-2
8
References
Downey, A. (2015). Think Python: How to Think Like a Computer Scientist (2nd ed.). O’Reilly
Media. [Link]
Unit-2