2.

Friction Here W = Weight of the book

Explain the types of frictions with suitable examples? N Normal reaction
I four kinds of frictions. They are F = Pushing force
Static Friction: When a force is applied to an object hut it f = Frictional force
does not cause it to move. Example: pushing on a wall. Here W = N
Fluid Friction: Occurs when a object moves through a fluid, No vertical motion for this book.
meaning either a liquid or gas. Example: sky diving, The Net force with which book moves is Net Force = F –
swimming. f
Sliding Friction: Occurs when solid surfaces slide over each
other.
Example: falling on the pavement.
Rolling Friction: Occurs when an object rolls over another
(something with wheels or that is circular like a ball)
Example: riding a motorcycle.
A book placed on the surate of table. The book is pushed
in one direction. Draw the forces acting on the book and
explain.
Answer: Give few examples for sliding.
1. A book is placed on a table. Examples for sliding friction:
2. It is slowly pushed. 1. Skating on the snow
3. The book gets some speed in the direction of the 2. Stop the vehicles by applying brakes because of
push. sliding friction between road and tyres of the vehicles.
4. The book slowly decreases between the table 3. We are able to write with pencil on a paper or with a
finally stops. rushing the book. chalk on blackboard because of sliding friction.
5. Here the frictional force between the table and the Explain how does lubrication reduce friction.
book opposes the motion of the book. When oil or grease (lubricant) is applied between the
6. The book finally stops because of this frictional moving parts of a machine, a thin layer is formed
force. between the moving surfaces and hence they do not
7. The weight of the book balances with normal directly rub against each other. The interlocking of
reaction. Therefore there is no vertical moment for irregularities is avoided to a great extent. Hence friction
the book. decreases and movement becomes smooth
W-N=O
8. Along Horizontal direction frictional force opposes Application of concepts
the pushing force. The Net resultant force between Explain why do sportsmen use shoes with spikes.
these to make the book to move. Sportsmen use shoes with spikes. Because spikes
provide the shoes better grip on the ground.
Would it be easier or difficult for you to walk on a
marble floor with soapy water. Why?
It is very difficult to walk on a soapy floor because soapy
floor creates very less friction comparing with normal
floor. So we can slip on such soapy floors.
What happens if we do not reduce friction in machines?
1. In machine parts friction must he less for the free Do you agree with the statement friction is both good and
movement of them. evil?’ Explain with examples.
2. In order to reduce friction we need to apply some Friction is both good and evil.
lubricating oil. Eg: Lubricating oil is applied in the I. Friction is good :
motors, rollers, cycle pedals etc. • Friction allows us to walk or run without slipping.
3. If we do not reduce the friction the wear and tear • Friction allows vehicles to travel on the road safely.
of the machine parts comes quickly and finally • To slow down or stop the vehicle we use brakes
they will not move because of friction. which use friction between road and tires of
vehicles.
What purposes are served by using bearings in machines? • Friction enables us to hold things with our hands.
Explain with daily life examples. • Friction helps us to sharpen a knife or other
1. Bearings are used in Fans, Cycle Pedals, Skaters, instruments.
etc. • Friction helps us to fix a nail in the call.
2. Since the Bearings are spherical there is only • No building can be constructed if there is no
rolling friction which is very less. friction.
3. When we use these bearing the movement of the II. Friction as an evil :
wheels are very free. • Friction causes wearing and tearing the surfaces
4. When we do not use these bearings it will be very which are in contact.
difficult for the wheels to move. • Friction causes worn-out the tires, which are
5. Nowadays in sewing machines, pedestal fans, sofa dangerous because they can slide and skid easily.
sets also they are attaching wheels at the bottom • Friction produces heat in machine which can
so that we can move them freely. The wheels at damage some parts of the machine.
the bottom are fixed with ball bearings. • Friction also produces static electricity which is
6. It is always easier to pull the luggage fitted with dangerous.
rollers. • Friction also causes wasting of energy and fuels.

Draw a free-body diagram (FBD) to show various forces

acting on a body which is sliding on an inclined plane Explain why sliding friction ¡s less than static friction.
The interlocking of irregularities in the two surfaces which
in contact causes friction force. When the object starts
sliding the contact points on its surface do not get enough
time to lock into the contact points on the floor (or other
objects). So sliding friction is less than static friction.

N – normal force
W – weight of the body
f – friction force

Prepared by :

Sai Santosh [Link] [Link]