CHEMISTRY

PAPER 1
(THEORY)
Maximum Marks: 70
Time Allotted: Three Hours
Reading Time: Additional Fifteen Minutes

Instructions to Candidates
1. You are allowed an additional fifteen minutes for only reading the
question paper.
2. You must NOT start writing during the reading time.
3. This question paper has 9 printed pages.
4. It is divided into four sections and has twenty one questions in all.
5. Answer all questions.
6. Section A has fourteen subparts. Each question carries 1 mark.
7. While attempting Multiple Choice Questions in Section A, you are
required to write only ONE option as the answer.
8. Section B has ten questions. Each question carries 2 marks.
9. Section C has seven questions. Each question carries 3 marks.
10. Section D has three questions. Each question carries 5 marks.
11. Internal choices have been provided in one question each in Sections B,
C and D.
12. The intended marks for questions are given in brackets [ ].
13. All working, including rough work, should be done on the same sheet as,
and adjacent to the rest of the answer.
14. Balanced equations must be given wherever possible and diagrams where
they are helpful.
15. When solving numerical problems, all essential workings must be shown.
16. In working out problems, use the following data:
Gas constant R=1·987cal deg-1mol-1=8·314JK-1mol-1
=0·0821dm3atmK-1mol-1, 1 l atm =1dm3atm=101·3 J.
1 Faraday=96500 coulombs. Avogadro’s number= 6·023×1023.

Instruction to Supervising Examiner

1. Kindly read aloud the Instructions given above to all the candidates present
in the examination hall.
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ISC (CLASS XII) SPECIMEN QUESTION PAPER 2026
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Note: The Specimen Question Paper in the subject provides a realistic format of the
Board Examination Question Paper and should be used as a practice tool. The questions for the
Board Examination can be set from any part of the syllabus, though the format of the Board
Examination Question Paper will remain the same as that of the Specimen Question Paper.
The weightage allocated to various topics, as given in the syllabus, will be strictly adhered to.

SECTION A - 14 MARKS

Question 1
(A) Fill in the blanks by choosing the appropriate word(s) from those given in the [4×1]
brackets:
[electrophilic, four, 4-bromophenol, first, alc. AgCN, decreases,
2,4,6-tribromophenol, nucleophilic, two, zero, alc. KCN, increases]
(i) The addition of a non-volatile solute to a pure solvent ________ its vapour
pressure and ________ its boiling point. (Understanding)
(ii) When the concentration of a reactant of first order reaction is doubled, the
rate becomes ________ times but for ________ order reaction the rate
remains the same. (Understanding)
(iii) Phenol when treated with bromine water produces ________, which is an
example of ________ substitution reaction. (Recall)
(iv) Methyl chloride on treatment with ________ gives methyl cyanide,
whereas on treatment with ________, it gives methyl isocyanide.
(Understanding)
(B) Select and write the correct alternative from the choices given below. [7×1]
(i) The sum of coordination number and oxidation number of metal ‘M’ in
the complex [M(en)2Cl2] is: (Application)
(a) 6
(b) 8
(c) 9
(d) 10
(ii) Which of the following orders is correct in spectrochemical series of
ligands? (Analysis)
(P) I - < NH3 < CN- < CO
(Q) CO < I - < NH3 < CN-
(R) NH3 < CO < CN- < I -
(S) F- < NH3 < CN- < CO

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 (a) Only (Q) and (S) are correct.
(b) Only (P) and (S) are correct.
(c) Only (P) and (Q) are correct.
(d) Only (P) and (R) are correct.
(iii) When Chlorobenzene is heated with aq. ammonia in the presence of Cu2O
at high pressure, it gives: (Recall)
(a) aniline.
(b) phenyl isocyanide.
(c) diphenyl.
(d) diphenylamine.
(iv) Hydrolysis of sucrose is called: (Recall)
(a) esterification.
(b) saponification.
(c) hydration.
(d) inversion.
(v) An organic compound with molecular formula C3H6O does not give silver
mirror test with Tollen’s reagent but gives an oxime with hydroxylamine.
The compound is: (Understanding)
(a) CH3CH2CHO
(b) CH3-CO-CH3
(c) CH2=CH-CH2OH
(d) CH2=CH-O-CH3
(vi) Given below are two statements marked Assertion and Reason. Read the
two statements carefully and select the correct option. (Analysis)
Assertion: 0∙1 M sucrose solution has higher depression in the freezing
point than 0∙1 M urea solution.
Reason: Depression in freezing point is not a colligative property.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true and Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.

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 (vii) Given below are two statements marked Assertion and Reason. Read the
two statements carefully and select the correct option. (Application)
Assertion: Methoxy ethane reacts with HI at 373K to give ethanol and
iodomethane.
Reason: Reaction of unsymmetrical ether with HI follows SN2
mechanism.
(a) Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(b) Both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct
explanation for Assertion.
(c) Assertion is true and Reason is false.
(d) Both Assertion and Reason are false.
(C) Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow. [3×1]
Vishal set up an experiment to find the resistance of aqueous KCl solution for
different concentrations at 298K using a conductivity cell connected to a
Wheatstone bridge. He fed the Wheatstone bridge with A.C. power in the audio
frequency range 550 to 5000 cycles per second. Once the resistance was
calculated from null point, he also calculated the conductivity (κ) and molar
conductivity (Λm) and recorded his readings in tabular form which is given
below.
[Link]. Conc. (M) κ (S cm-1) Λm (S cm2 mol-1)
1. 1∙00 111∙3 × 10-3 111∙3
2. 0∙10 12∙9 × 10-3 129∙0
-3
3. 0∙01 1∙41 × 10 141∙0
(i) Why did the molar conductivity increase though the conductivity
decreased with dilution? (Understanding)
(ii) If molar conductivity at infinite dilution (Λ m) of KCl is 150∙0 S cm2
o

mol-1, calculate the degree of dissociation of 0∙01 M KCl.

(Application)
(iii) The conductivity of a 0∙01M solution of acetic acid at 298 K is
1∙65 × 10-4 S cm-1. Calculate the molar conductivity of the solution.
(Application)

SECTION B – 20 MARKS

Question 2 [2]
Consider yourself a research scholar in the forensic science department studying the age
of a dead biological sample. During one of the studies, you found that the sample
decomposed by following first order kinetics.
If 50% of the sample is decomposed in 120 minutes, how long will it take for 90% of the
sample to decompose? (Application)
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Question 3 [2]
Write the chemical equations to convert each of the following: (Recall)
(i) Aniline to bromobenzene
(ii) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid

Question 4 [2]
Using IUPAC nomenclature, write the formula for each of the following: (Recall)
(i) hexaamminecobalt (III) sulphate
(ii) tetraaquadichloridochromium (III) nitrate

Question 5 [2]
When 2g of benzoic acid (C6H5COOH) is dissolved in 25g of benzene, it shows a
depression in freezing point equal to 1∙62 K. Molal depression constant for benzene is
4∙7 K kg mol-1.
What is the percentage association of acid if it forms dimer in solution? (Application)

Question 6 [2]
How will you convert the following (write chemical equation): (Understanding)
(i) Phenol to salicylaldehyde
(ii) Formaldehyde to ethanol

Question 7 [2]
The molar conductivities at infinite dilution (Λ∞m) for NaI, CH3COONa and
(CH3COO)2Mg are 126∙9, 91∙0 and 187∙8 ohm-1 cm2 mol-1 respectively at 25oC.
What is the molar conductivity of MgI2 at infinite dilution? (Application)

Question 8 [2]
(i) Which divalent metal ion in weak field ligand has maximum paramagnetic
character among the first transition metal series (3d series)? Why?
(Analysis)
(ii) The melting and boiling points of Zn, Cd and Hg are low. Why? (Analysis)

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Question 9 [2]
(i) What happens when carbonyl compound is treated with zinc amalgam and
concentrated hydrochloric acid? Give chemical equation and write the name of
the reaction. (Recall)
OR
(ii) Write chemical equations to convert each of the following: (Recall)
(a) Acetic acid to acetaldehyde
(b) Formaldehyde to urotropine

Question 10 [2]
In general, it is observed that the rate of a chemical reaction becomes double with every
10oC rise in temperature. If this generalisation holds correct for a reaction, calculate the
value of activation energy when temperature changes from 298 K to 308 K.
(R = 8∙314 J K-1 mol-1) (Application)

Question 11 [2]
Write the chemical equation for each of the following named organic reactions: (Recall)
(i) Hofmann’s degradation reaction
(ii) Balz-Schiemann reaction

SECTION C – 21 MARKS

Question 12 [3]
How will you convert the following? (Write chemical equations) (Understanding)

(i) Phenol from benzene sulphonic acid

(ii) Ethyl alcohol from ethylamine
(iii) Diethyl ether from ethyl alcohol

Question 13 [3]
(i) Complete and balance the following equations: (Understanding)
(a) K2Cr2O7 + FeSO4 +H2SO4 → ______ + ______ + ______ + _______
(b) KMnO4 + KI + H2SO4 → _______ + _______ + _______ + _______
(ii) Explain how the colour of K2Cr2O7 solution depends on pH of the solution.
(Analysis)
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Question 14 [3]
Write the structural formula of the major product formed in each of the following
reactions. (Recall)
(i) C6H5ONa + C2H5Cl →
𝑤𝑎𝑟𝑚
(ii) C2H5NH2 + CHCl3 + KOH(alc.) →
(iii) CH3CH2CH2Cl + NaI →
𝐴𝑒𝑡𝑜𝑛𝑒+ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡

Question 15 [3]
(i) Which vitamin deficiency is responsible for xerophthalmia and night blindness?
(Recall)
(ii) What are the products formed upon hydrolysis of lactose? (Recall)
(iii) When grapes are placed in a salt solution, they tend to shrink. Why? (Analysis)

Question 16 [3]
(i) (a) A 0∙01 M solution of NaCl is diluted by adding water. What will happen
to its specific conductivity and molar conductivity? (Understanding)
(b) Is it safe to stir 1M AgNO3 solution with a copper spoon? Explain.
(Given: Eo(Cu2+/Cu) = +0∙34V, Eo(Ag+/Ag) = +0∙80V) (Evaluate)
(c) Two metals A and B have standard reduction potential values -2∙37V and
+0∙80V respectively. Which of these will liberate H2 gas from dil. HCl.?
(Analysis)
OR
(ii) (a) Calculate the values of Ecell and ΔG for the following cell reaction at 25oC:
Zn(s)/Zn2+(0.0004M) || Cd2+(0.2M)/Cd(s)
(Given; Eo(Zn2+/Zn) = -0∙763V; Eo(Cd2+/Cd) = -0∙403V
1 Faraday = 96,500 coulombs, R = 8∙314 JK-1 mol-1) (Application)
(b) Calculate how long it will take to deposit 1∙0 g of chromium when a
current of 1∙25 ampere flows through a solution of chromium (III)
sulphate.
(Atomic weight of Cr = 52, 1 Faraday = 96,500 coulombs.) (Application)

Question 17 [3]
(i) The unit of rate constant of a reaction is same as that of its rate of reaction. Find
the order of this reaction. (Understanding)
(ii) Give one example of pseudo first order reaction. (Recall)

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 (iii) How will the rate of reaction be affected when the surface area of the reactant is
reduced? (Understanding)

Question 18 [3]
Identify the compounds [A], [B] and [C] in the following reactions: (Analysis)
(i) 𝐵𝑟2 / 𝑎𝑞.𝐾𝑂𝐻 𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂2 +𝐻𝐶𝑙 (𝑖𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑙𝑑) 𝐶𝑢2 𝐶𝑙2 + 𝐻𝐶𝑙
C6H5CONH2 → [A] → [B] → [C]
(ii) 4[𝐻] 𝐻𝑁𝑂2 (0𝑜 𝐶) 𝑆𝑂𝐶𝑙2 (𝑃𝑦𝑟𝑖𝑑𝑖𝑛𝑒)
CH3C≡N → [A] → [B] → [C]

SECTION D – 15 MARKS

Question 19 [5]
(i) What happens when (Give chemical equations): (Understanding)
(a) Propanone is treated with CH3MgBr and then hydrolysed.
(b) Formaldehyde undergoes Cannizzaro’s reaction.
(c) Acetic acid reacts with SOCl2 and the main product obtained is reduced
with H2 in the presence of Pd/BaSO4.
(ii) An aromatic compound [A] gives a buff-coloured precipitate on treatment with
neutral FeCl3 solution. Compound [A] reacts with thionyl chloride to give
compound [B], which on reacting with ammonia followed by heating gives
compound [C]. Compound [C] on treatment with bromine in KOH forms [D]
with molecular formula C6H7N and has a characteristic odour. Identify the
compounds [A], [B], [C] and [D]. (Analysis)

Question 20 [5]
(i) An aqueous solution contains 0∙63 g of protein in 300 cm3 of water. The osmotic
pressure of the solution at 300K is 1∙29 × 10-3 atm. Calculate the molecular mass
of protein.
(Given R = 0∙0821 Lit atm K-1 mol-1) (Application)
(ii) What mass of ethylene glycol must be added to 5∙50 kg of water to lower the
freezing point of water from 0 oC to -10∙0 oC?
(Kf for water = 1∙86 oC kg mol-1, molecular weight of ethylene glycol = 62∙0 g
mol-1) (Application)
(iii) Outer hard shells of two eggs are removed. One of the eggs is placed in saturated
solution of sodium chloride and the other egg is placed in pure water. What change
will be observed and why? (Analysis)
(iv) What would be the value of van’t Hoff factor for a dilute solution of K2SO4 in
water. Assume that K2SO4 is completely ionised. (Analysis)

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Question 21 [5]
(i) Answer the following:
(a) When the coordination compound CoCl3.6NH3 is mixed with AgNO3
solution, three moles of AgCl are precipitated per mole of the compound.
Write the structural formula of the complex compound. (Analysis)
(b) Predict the number of unpaired electrons in [Fe(H2O)6]3+ and [Fe(CN)6]3-
based on crystal field theory. (Evaluate)
(c) Draw a diagram to show the splitting of d-orbitals in a tetrahedral crystal
field. (Recall)
(d) Write the formulae for the following: (Recall)
(1) Linkage isomer of [CoCl(en)2(NO2)]Cl2
(2) Ionisation isomer of [CoBr(NH3)5]SO4
OR
(ii) (a) For the complex compound [Fe(en)2Cl2]Cl, identify the following:
(Application)
(1) Oxidation state
(2) Hybridisation of the central metal atom
(3) Magnetic behaviour of the complex
(4) Geometry of the complex
(b) Draw the structures of geometrical isomers of complex [Pt(en)2Cl2]2+.
(Recall)
(c) On the basis of crystal field theory, write the electronic configuration for
d4 ion in octahedral crystal field, if Δo > P. (Application)

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 CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
(THEORY)
ANSWER KEY
SECTION A - 14 MARKS

Question 1
(A) [4×1]
(i) decreases, increases
(ii) two, zero
(iii) 2,4,6 – tribromophenol, electrophilic
(iv) alc. KCN, alc. AgCN
(B) [7×1]
(i) (c) or 9
(ii) (b) or Only (P) and (S) are correct.
(iii) (a) or aniline
(iv) (d) or inversion
(v) (b) or CH3-CO-CH3
(vi) (d) or Both Assertion and Reason are false
(vii) (a) or Both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct
explanation for Assertion
(C) [3×1]
(i) The conductivity of a solution is the conductance of ions present in a unit
volume of the solution. With dilution, the number of ions per unit volume
decreases. Hence, conductivity decreases with dilution.
The molar conductance (Λm) is the product of conductivity (κ) and the
volume of the solution containing 1 mole of the electrolyte.
Λ m = κ x Vm
Hence, Λm increases on dilution.
(ii) Given; Λom = 150.0 S cm2 mol-1, Λcm = 141.0 S cm2 mol-1
Molarity of KCl = 0.01 M
Λcm 141.0
Degree of dissociation (α) = or α = 150.0
Λo
m
α = 0.94 or 94%
(iii) Calculation of molar conductivity of solution.
κ x 1000
Λm = Molarity or
1.65 x 10−4 x 1000
Λm = 0.01
= 16.5 S cm2 mol-1
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 SECTION B – 20 MARKS

Question 2 [2]

t1/2 = 120 min, a = 100, (a-x) = (100-90) = 10

0.693
k= = 0.005775 min-1
t1/2
2.303 a
t= log (a−x) or
κ
2.303 100
t = 0.005775 log 10
2.303
t= x 1 = 398.79 minutes
κ

Question 3 [2]
(i) Aniline to bromobenzene
NH2 N2+Cl- Br

𝑁𝑎𝑁𝑂2 +𝐻𝐶𝑙 (273−278 𝐾) 𝐶𝑢𝐵𝑟,𝐻𝐵𝑟 𝑜𝑟 𝐶𝑢,𝐻𝐵𝑟

→ →

Aniline bromobenzene

(ii) Ethyl chloride to propanoic acid

𝑎𝑙𝑐.𝐾𝐶𝑁 𝐻 + ; 𝐻2 𝑂 (𝐻𝑦𝑑𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑦𝑠𝑖𝑠)
CH3CH2Cl → CH3CH2CN → CH3CH2COOH
Ethylchloride Propanoic acid

Question 4 [2]
(i) hexaammine cobalt (III) sulphate
Ans: [Co(NH3)6]SO4
(ii) tetraaquadichloridochromium (III) nitrate
Ans: [Cr(H2O)4Cl2]NO3

Question 5 [2]
Given; wt. of solute = 2.0g, wt. of solvent = 25g
Δ𝑇𝑓 = 1.62 K, 𝑘𝑓 = 4.7 K kg mol-1
Mnormal = 122 g mol-1
1000 x kf .w
mobs = ΔTf x w

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ISC (CLASS XII) SPECIMEN ANSWER KEY 2026
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 1000 x 4.7 x 2
= 1.62 x 25

= 241.98 g mol-1
Normal mol. wt 122.0
i = observed mol. = 241.98 or
wt

= 0.504
1−i 1 − 0.504 0.496
Degree of dissociation (α) = 1 = 1 = 1
1− 1−
h 2 2

(α) = 0.496 x 2
= 0.992 = 99.2%

Question 6 [2]
(i) Phenol to salicylaldehyde
OH OH
CHO

+ CHCl3 + 3KOH(alc.) → + 3KCl + 2H2O

(ii) Formaldehyde to ethanol

CH3 CH3
| | Br
+HOH
CH3MgBr + H – C = O → H – C – OMgBr → H – C – OH + Mg
| | | OH
H H H
ethanol

Question 7 [2]
o
Molar conductivity at infinite dilution (Λ m) for MgI2 may be calculated as:
Λom (MgI2) = Λom(CH3COO)2Mg + 2Λom(NaI) – 2Λom(CH3COONa)
= 187.8 + 2 x 126.9 – 2 (91.0)
= 259.6 S cm2 mol-1

Question 8 [2]
(i) Mn2+ show maximum paramagnetic character because it has maximum number
of unpaired electrons.
(ii) All the electrons in d-subshell are paired. Hence the metallic bonds present in Zn,
Cd and Hg are weak. Therefore, they have low melting and boiling points.

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Question 9 [2]
(i) O
||
Zn−Hg (HCl conc.)
CH3 – C – H + 4[H] → CH3CH3 + H2O
Ethane
(or any other correct example)
Clemmensen reduction
OR
(ii) (a) Acetic acid to acetaldehyde
+SOCl2 H2 ,Pd/BaSO4
CH3COOH → CH3COCl → CH3CHO
(b) Formaldehyde to urotropine
6HCHO + 4NH3 → (CH2)6N4 + 6H2O
urotropine

Question 10 [2]
Given; T1 = 298K, T2 = 308K, K2/K1 = 2
R = 8.314 J K-1 mol-1
K E 1 1
logK2 = 2.303R
a
[T − ] or
1 1 T2
E 1 1
log2 = 2.303 xa8.314 [298 − ]
308
a E 10
0.3010 = 19.147 [298 x 308] or
0.3010 x 19.147 x 298 x 308
Ea = 10

Ea = 52898 J mol-1
Ea = 52.898 kJ mol-1

Question 11 [2]
(i) Hofmann’s degradation reaction
CH3CONH2 + Br2 + 4KOH → CH3NH2 + K2CO3 + 2KBr + 2H2O
(ii) Balz-Scheimann reaction
N2+ Cl− N2+ BF4− F

273−278𝐾 ℎ𝑒𝑎𝑡
+ HBF4 → →

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 SECTION C – 21 MARKS

Question 12 [3]
(i) Phenol from benzene sulphonic acid
SO3H SO3Na ONa OH

𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 (573−623𝐾) 𝐻𝐶𝑙

→ → →

(ii) Ethyl alcohol from ethylamine

C2H5NH2 + HNO2 → C2H5OH + N2 + H2O
(iii) Diethyl ether from ethyl alcohol
H2 SO4 conc. (413 K)
2C2H5OH → C2H5-O- C2H5 + H2O
(or any other correct method)

Question 13 [3]
(i) (a) K2Cr2O7 + 6FeSO4 + 7H2SO4 → K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 3Fe2(SO4)3 + 7H2O
(b) 2KMnO4 + 10KI + 8H2SO4 → 6K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 8H2O + 5I2

(ii) K2Cr2O7 + 2KOH → 2K2CrO4 + H2O

orange yellow
2K2CrO4 + H2SO4 → K2Cr2O7 + K2SO4 + H2O
yellow orange
Or
The Cr2O72- (dichromate ion) and CrO42- (chromate ion) exist in equilibrium at
pH = 4.
When alkali is added, the pH value will increase and K2Cr2O7 solution will
change from orange to yellow.
When acid is added, the pH value will decrease and the solution will change from
yellow to orange.

Question 14 [3]
(i) CH3 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH3
(ii) CH3CH2 – N ≡ C
(iii) CH3CH2 – CH2 – I

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Question 15 [3]
(i) Vitamin A

(ii) Glucose and Galactose

(iii) Salt solution is hypertonic solution as compared to grapes hence, exosmosis
takes place and the grapes tend to shrink.

Question 16 [3]
(i) (a) Upon dilution the specific conductivity will decrease, and molar
conductivity will increase.
(b) The following reaction takes place:
Cu + 2Ag +
(aq.) → Cu2+
(aq.) + 2Ag
o o o
Ecell = Ecathode + Eanode
= + 0.80 – (+ 0.34)
o
Ecell = + 0.46
Copper spoon will dissolve in 1M AgNO3 solution therefore it is not safe
to stir 1M AgNO3 solution with copper spoon.
(c) Metal ‘A’ will liberate H2 gas from dil. HCl solution.
Metal having lower reduction potential will liberate H2 gas from dil. HCl
solution.
OR
(ii) (a) Given:
Zn(s) + Zn2+ 2+
(0.0004M) || Cd(0.2M) / Cd(s)
o o
EZn2+ /Zn = - 0.763V, ECd2+ /Cd = - 0.403V

Cell reaction: Zn(s) + Cd2+

(aq.) → Zn2+
(aq.) + Cd(s)
o o o
Ecell = Ecathode – Eanode
= -0.403V – (-0.763V)
= 0.36V
o 0.059 [Zn2+ ]
Ecell = Ecell – log [Cd2+]
2
0.059 [0.0004]
= 0.36 – log
2 [0.2]
0.059
= 0.36 – log 2 x 10−3
2
0.059
= 0.36 – (−2.6990)
2

= 0.36 + 0.08 = 0.44V

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ISC (CLASS XII) SPECIMEN ANSWER KEY 2026
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 Ecell = + 0.44V
ΔG = – nFE or
= – 2 x 96500 x 0.44
ΔG = – 84920 J or – 84.92 kJ
(b) Cr3+ + 3e- → Cr
52g of chromium requires current = 3 x 96,500 coulombs
3 x 96500 x 1
or 1g of chromium requires current =
52
Q = 5567.3 coulombs
Q
Q = I x t or t =
I
Q 5567.3
Time required in seconds = =
I 1.25
= 4453.8 seconds

Question 17 [3]
(i) Zero order reaction
(ii) Pseudo first order reaction:
C12H22O11 + H2O → C6H12O6 + C6H12O6
CH3COOC2H5 + H2O → CH3COOH + C2H5OH
(iii) The rate of reaction decreases.

Question 18 [3]
(i) (A) = C6H5NH2
(B) = C6H5N2+Cl-
(C) = C6H5Cl
(ii) (A) = CH3CH2NH2
(B) = CH3CH2OH
(C) = CH3CH2Cl

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 SECTION D – 15 MARKS

Question 19 [5]
(i)
(a) CH3 CH3
| |
+HOH
CH3 – C = O + CH3MgBr → CH3 – C – OMgBr → CH3 – C – OH +
| | |
CH3 CH3 CH3
Br
Mg
OH
(b) 2HCHO + NaOH(conc.) → HCOONa + CH3OH
(c) CH3COOH + SOCl2 → CH3COCl →
𝐻2 +𝑃𝑑/𝐵𝑎𝑆𝑂4
CH3CHO
(acetic acid) (acetaldehyde)
(ii) [A] = C6H5COOH or benzoic acid
[B] = C6H5COCl or benzoyl chloride
[C] = C6H5CONH2 or benzamide
[D] = C6H5NH2 or aniline

Question 20 [5]
(i) Given; w = 0.63g, V = 300 cm3 or 0.3 litre
R = 0.0821 [Link] K-1 mol-1, T = 300K
π = 1.29 x 10-3 atm
w
πV = RT
m
0.63
1.29 x 10-3 x 0.3 = x 0.0821 x 300 or
m
0.63 x 0.0821 x 300
m=
1.29 x 10−3 x 0.3
m = 40,095.35 g mol-1
(ii) Given; W = 5.5kg = 5500g, ΔTf = 10 oC
K f = 1.86 K kg mol-1, m = 62.0 g mol-1
w=?
m x ΔTf x W
w= or
1000 x Kf

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 62 x 10 x 5500
w=
1000 x 1.86
w = 1833g = 1.833kg
(iii) In pure water, the egg will swell or increase in size due to endosmosis whereas in
saturated sodium chloride solution, the egg will shrink due to exosmosis.
(iv) K2SO4 → 2K+ + SO2−
4

The value of vant Hoff factor i = 3 (if K2SO4 is completely ionized).

Question 21 [5]
(i)
(a) [Co(NH3)6]Cl3 → [Co(NH3)6]3+ + 3Cl−
3AgNO3 + 3Cl− → 3AgCl + NO3−
Structural formula of compound is [Co(NH3)6]Cl3
(b) For [Fe(H2O)6]3+ , t 32g eg 2
No. of unpaired electrons = 5
for [Fe(CN)6]3- , t 52g eg 0
No. of unpaired electrons = 1
(c)

𝑑𝑥2 −𝑦2

Splitting of d-orbitals Tetrahedral field

(d) (1) Linkage isomer of [CoCl(en)2NO2]Cl2
Ans: [CoCl(en)2ONO]Cl2
(2) Ionisation isomer of [CoBr(NH3)5]SO4
Ans: [Co(NH3)5SO4]Br
OR
(ii) (a) For the complex compound [Fe(en)2Cl2]Cl:
(1) Oxidation state = +3
(2) Hybridisation = d2sp3
(3) Magnetic behaviour = paramagnetic
(4) Geometry = octahedral
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 (b) Geometrical isomers of [Pt(en)2Cl2]2+ ion

(c) Electronic configuration for d4 ion if Δo > P (strong field ligand)

d4 = t 42g eg o

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