CATHOLIC SCHOOLS IN IFUGAO

HEALTH OPTIMIZING PHYSICAL EDUCATION 2 (H.O.P.E. 2)

SECOND SEMESTER – MIDTERM, A.Y. 2023-2024

LESSON 1: BADMINTON’S HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT, FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT

A game with a shuttlecock is widely believed to have originated in ancient Greece about 2000 years ago. From
there, it spread via the Indo-Greek kingdoms to India and then farther east to China and Thailand.

In medieval England, a children’s game called Battledore and Shuttlecock was popular. Children would use
Battledores (paddles) to hit the shuttlecock up in the air and prevent it from reaching the ground.

In the 1860’s, British Army officers in India, included a net in the game of Battledore and shuttlecock, therefore
making it more competitive. The game was known as Poona at that time

The British Army officers brought this game to England and played it in the estate of the Duke of Beaufort
called “Badminton House”. Being not familiar to the game, the Duke of Beaufort’s non-military guests began
referring to the game as “The Badminton Game”, and thus the game became known as “Badminton”.

Below is a brief overview of the generally acknowledged important highlights of the game’s development.
1877 – The Bath Badminton Club, the first badminton club in the world, wrote down the rules of badminton
for the first time.
1893 – The Badminton Association of England (BAE) printed and circulated the first proper set of rules, similar
to that of today.
1899 – All England Open Badminton Championships, the first organized badminton competition in the world
was conducted by BAE.
1920 – British and American emigrants commenced badminton in the Philippines.
1934 – The International Badminton Federation (IBF) became the governing body of the sport. It was
established with Canada, Denmark, England, France, the Netherlands, Ireland, New Zealand, Scotland, and
Wales as its founding members.
1949 – Philippine national rankings produced Adriano Torres, the first national men’s singles champion.
1952 – The Philippine Badminton Association (PBA) was created and became the first national badminton
organization. Philippines became the 21st member country of the IBF.
1972 – Badminton debuted as a demonstration sport at the Munich Olympics.
1981 – A Philippine badminton team competed in the South East Asian Games for the first time.
1992 – Badminton was elevated to being an Olympic medal sport in Barcelona.
1996 – Weena Lim became the first Filipino badminton player to qualify and participate in the Atlanta
Olympics.
1997 – The Philippines hosted the 1st Asian Juniors Badminton Championships participated by 200 players
from 21 countries.
2006 – The IBF was renamed as Badminton World Federation (BWF).

FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Court
A badminton court is rectangular, with clearly marked white lines dividing it into different sections. These
different lines define and limit where to serve, where to receive, and up to where the shuttlecock may drop
for a shot to be considered good.
On each doubles sideline is a post, which holds the net firm across the center of the court. The net is made of
dark but clearly visible mesh with a white tape that runs across its top. It measures 5 feet from the ground at
the center, and 5 feet and 1 inch from the ground at the posts.

Overall, Court Dimensions

The badminton court measures 44 feet long and 20 feet wide. The lines along these measurements are the
side lines for doubles and the back boundary line of the court.

Short Service Line

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The Short Service Line is the line 6.6 feet from the line that may be made by the net if the court is seen from a
bird’s eye view.
Center Line
The Center Line, 10 feet from the
side line for doubles. The line that
runs from the short service line to
the back boundary line. This
delineates the left from the right
service court.

Side Line for Singles

The Side Line for Singles is marked 1
Foot 6 inches from the edge of the
side line for doubles.

Side Line for Doubles

The outermost line at the side
marks the side Line for Doubles.

Back Boundary Line and Long Service Line for Singles

The outermost line at the end of the court functions as the back boundary line for singles and doubles and
long service line for singles.

Long Service Line for Doubles

The long service line for doubles in marked 2 feet 6 inches inside the back boundary line.

Shuttlecock
A badminton shuttlecock is made of natural or synthetic material, or a combination of the two. There are 16
feathers that are connected to the rounded, leather-covered, cork base. All of the feathers are with the same
length, and must be between 64mm and 70mm. The feather tips form a diameter of 58mm to 68mm. The
shuttlecock weighs about 5g and, consequently, can travel at a very high-speed during play.

Racket
A badminton racket is lightweight and may be made of wood, aluminum, or synthetic material such as
graphite or carbon. The racket is flat and the strings are crossed in a uniform pattern all over the head, with no
variation. The racket frame cannot be longer than 27.2 inches, and the width of the head should be 9.2 inches
or less. The stringed area may not be more than 11.2 inches long and 8.8 inches wide.

LESSON 2: MECHANICS AND RULES OF THE GAME, FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS

MECHANICS AND RULES OF THE GAME

Badminton is a racket sport with two players in singles, and four in doubles. The object of the game is to get to
21 points with at least a two-point advantage. A point is scored when the shuttlecock is not properly returned.
The match is won by the player or team that wins two games.

Scoring System
Each game is played up to 21 points; the match goes to the side that wins the best of three games. Each rally
won by a side is a point added to its score. If the score is tied at 20, the side that achieves an advantage of two
points wins the game. But, if the score is still tied at 29, the first side that scores 30 wins the game. The winner
in a game serves first in the next game.

Intervals and Change of Ends

Players have a one-minute interval when the leading score reaches 11. In between the games, players get a
two-minute break. Should there be a third game, players change ends when the leading score reaches 11.

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Points in Singles
At the start of each game and when the score is even, the player serves from the right service court and serves
diagonally to the receiver’s box. Same thing happens if the score is odd, except that the server serves from the
left. If the server wins the rally, he gains a point and serves again, following the odd-even scheme. If the
receiver wins the rally, he gains a point and the service. He then serves from the side of his end as indicated by
his score.

Points in Doubles
At the start of each game and when the score is even, the player serves from the right service court, directing
the serve to the diagonal receiver’s box. Same thing happens if the score is odd, except that the server serves
from the left. If the serving team wins the rally, it gains a point and the server serves again, following the odd-
even scheme. If the receiving team wins the rally, it gains a point and becomes the new serving side. The
player on the receiving side who served last stays in the same service court from where he served last. After
the serve is received, players may already stay anywhere they want according to their strategy.

Faults
A violation of the playing rules, which can happen when serving, receiving, or during play. A fault results to a
loss of point and serve. It is a fault if:
 Service is illegal, that is, if:
o shuttlecock is struck above the waist level;
o shuttlecock does not penetrate the correct court;
o racket head is not lower than the serving hand at the instance of the serve;
o server lifts one or both feet during service;
o Server drags his foot;
o server feints a serve;
o server misses the shuttlecock in attempting to serve; or
o server steps on the line or stands outside of the proper court during service.
 Receiver steps on the line or stands outside of the proper court during service;
 Receiver does not keep both of his feet in contact with the correct court during service;
 Shuttlecock drops outside the playing area,
 A player contacts the net with any part of his body or his implements;
 A player reaches over the net to hit the shuttle; or
 A player/team hits the shuttle twice in attempting to return.

Let
A legitimate stoppage of play. A situation that calls for a discontinuity of the rally and therefore, the rally shall
be re-served as no point is gained by either of the players. A let occurs if:
 Player delivers the serve before the receiver is ready;
 Both the server and the receiver commit faults at the same time;
 The shuttlecock disintegrates during the rally; or
 The shuttlecock is caught by and remains suspended on top of the net.

FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS
Footwork
Your opponent will do his best to direct every shot away from you and the only way for you to reach the
shuttlecock is for you to have a good footwork. Badminton footwork is the most fundamental skill that you
must have in order for you to get better in your game. Good footwork is simply having the ability to contact
the shuttle early with stability. Almost always, your racket hand and racket foot should go together as you
execute the shot.

Grip
A correct badminton grip is the groundwork of playing badminton. Your stroke, power and accuracy will
greatly suffer if you hold your racket wrongly. Your shots will be limited and you will have less chances of
winning. Therefore, a correct grip is a must. Furthermore, you will need to learn how to change grip very
quickly during the rally.

Forehand Grip
 Hold the handle of your racket hand as if you were shaking hands with it.

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  Make a V shape in between your thumb and your index finger.
 Hold the racket handle loosely in your fingers for greater flexibility. Shorten your grip by placing it
nearer to the shaft for better control and accuracy when serving and attacking from the forecourt and
midcourt. Lengthen your grip by placing it near the end of the handle racket for power shots, especially
at the backcourt.
 Use this grip to hit shots that are on the racket side of your body and around-the-Head shots.
Backhand Grip
 Hold the racket like that of a forehand grip, and then turn the racket counter-clockwise so that the V
shape moves leftwards.
 Hold the racket handle loosely in your fingers for greater flexibility, placing your thumb against the
back bevel of the handle for greater leverage and power.
 Shorten your grip by placing it nearer to the shaft for better control and accuracy when serving and
attacking from the forecourt and midcourt. Lengthen your grip by placing it near the butt of the racket
for power shots, especially at the backcourt.
 Use this grip to hit shots that are on the non-racket side of your body.

Serve
Mastering the different Badminton Services is essential if you want to improve your game serving is the start
of a point and could give you a win right away. Use it not merely as “just a serve” but a weapon during games.

Basically, there are four types of serves

High Serve
The high serve is mostly used in singles in order to force your opponent to move to the backcourt. To execute
this serve, use your forehand grip and stand a few feet behind the service line. Put your weight on your racket
foot and place your non-racket foot forward. Hold the shuttlecock loosely by the feathers and drop it in front
of you as you swing your racket forward-upward-across, simultaneously transferring your weight to your non-
racket foot. Hit the shuttlecock with your racket and follow through until your racket reaches the non-racket
side of your head.

Low Serve
Use this badminton serve with a forehand or a backhand to persuade your opponent to lift the shuttlecock in
his return. It is most often used in doubles, but you can also use it in singles especially if your opponent’s
attack is too strong.

Flick Serve
A flick serve is executed when an opponent has momentum and is on the offensive. Wrist action plays a very
important part in the execution of this serve, on either your forehand or backhand. It is a misleading serve
that gives an idea that you are going to perform a low serve, but at the last split second you flick your wrist to
force the shuttlecock over. Direct the serve above your opponent’s backhand out of his reach.

Drive Serve
This serve can be used in singles and doubles with a forehand underhand action. Stand in a relaxed but
balanced and controlled position, a bit away from the service line. Position your non-racket foot near the net
and place your racket foot behind. Position your racket a little below the waist level and bring it back parallel
to it. Hold the shuttlecock loosely by the feathers and let it drop slightly to your side. Forcefully swing the
racket forward to hit the shuttlecock and let it pass the net at a flatter angle. Limit your follow-through as your
racket face stays square with the net. This serve should be directed to the corners at the backcourt to create
greater movement for your opponent.

FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT 1: SELF-ASSESSMENT AND PEER FEEDBACK (15 Points)

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LESSON 3: SHOTS SELECTION AND TERMINOLOGIES

SHOTS AND SHOTS SELECTION

There are a variety of types of badminton shots. These shots are executed depending on where the
shuttlecock is in relation to the badminton court. The position of your opponent also plays a big factor in
choosing what shot to execute.

If the shuttlecock drops to the frontcourt, most likely, you would like to hit it with any of these shots:
1. Lift/Underhand Clear – Hit the shuttlecock in an upward motion causing it to go high and drop to the
back of the opponent’s end.
2. Net Kill – Hit the shuttlecock forcibly at the net area forcing it to dive down fast to the opponent’s end.
3. Net Shot – Gently push the shuttlecock at the net area, causing it to drop immediately after crossing
the net at the opponent’s frontcourt.

If the shuttlecock is directed to the midcourt, most likely, you would like to hit it with any of these shots:
1. Drive – Hit the shuttlecock at net height causing it to travel flat and with sufficient pace into the
opponent’s midcourt to backcourt area.
2. Lift – Hit the shuttlecock in an upward motion causing it to go high and drop into the opponent’s
backcourt.
3. Push – Hit the shuttlecock softly to moderate pace into the opponent’s frontcourt to midcourt area.
4. Smash – Forcefully hit the shuttlecock with an overhead stroke forcing it towards the opponent’s end
to finish the rally.

Overhead shots are the preferred shots that are done at the backcourt. If the shuttlecock is directed to the
backcourt, most likely, you would like to hit it with any of these shots:
1. Clear/Lob – Hit the shuttlecock high into the opponent’s backcourt
2. Drop Shot – Hit the shuttlecock from backcourt causing it to go down immediately after crossing over
the net into the opponent’s frontcourt.
3. Smash – Hit the shuttlecock at high speed towards the opponent’s midcourt.

BADMINTON TERMINOLOGIES
1. Alley – An extension of the court’s sides by 1.6 feet that is used in doubles.
2. Attacker – A player who hits numerous smash shots and who uses Jumps to compel the Opposing team
into a defensive formation.
3. Back Alley – The area between the back boundary line and the long service line for doubles.
4. Backcourt – The back third of the court, in the area of the back boundary lines.
5. Bringer – A player who returns all shots that come into his end of the court.
6. BWF – (Badminton World Federation) The highest governing body of Badminton.
7. Carry – An illegal stroke, which happens when the shuttlecock is briefly caught and held on the racket
and then slung over the net. Also called sling or throw.
8. Doubles – Two player play on each team, so four people are on the court at the same time.
9. Forecourt – The front third of the court, between the short service line forward to the net.
10. Game – A n accumulation of point for each part of the match. One game is one part of a match and in
order to win a match, one side should win 2 out of 3 games.
11. Love – When each team has no score, they are said to have “Love” as their score. So, when the game
starts, the score is “Love All”.
12. Match – A series of games in which a player should win two games to decide a winner.
13. Mid Court – The middle third of the court, halfway between the back boundary line and the net.
14. Mixed Doubles – A doubles team with one male and one female.
15. Officials – One umpire is in charge of the match. There is also a service judge and there may also be up
to 10-line judges. A tournament referee makes decisions on the rules of the game but not the play on
the court.
16. Racket – One main piece of equipment used by players to hit the shuttlecock.
17. Rally – The back-and-forth flight of shots that will decide which team wins the point.
18. Receiver – The player who will be returning the serve.

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 19. Serve/Service – The stroke used to put the shuttlecock into play at the start of each rally.
20. Service Fault – A violation which occurs when the shuttle is being served.

BADMINTON HAND SIGNALS

Undue delay of serve – Feet on the line or off the

Shuttle In – when the Shuttle –Out
ground when– When thethe
serving
When the server takes
shuttle lands inside the shuttle falls outside
server’s feet can’t touchthe
too much
court, time judge
the line’s to serve, line other
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any ofthe
theline’s
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or delays
gives service for
an indication to the judge will give an
and both feet should be
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player as well as the it is
reasons then indication to ground
the player
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called
umpireatofault.
show the same wellinasthe
not theair.
referee that
the shuttle has landed
outside.

Service too high – if the Racket handle face down

server strikes the shuttle while serving – at the time
above his waist (now of service, the handle of the
1.15m from the ground) it racket must be facing down
is called as a fault and the while hitting the
judge will give this hand shuttlecock. If it is not
gesture to explain why facing down, it calls for a
he/she called a fault. violation of the service
rules.

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