10th June 2025
The
Analyst Railway Mishaps: What
Handout needs to be done?
10th June 2025
CONTEXT: In a tragic incident, four passengers died and nine sustained injuries after
falling off two separate local trains in Thane district of Maharashtra
Importance of Railways in India - Primary causes behind Railway
‘lifeline of the nation’ Mishaps?
Transportation ● Infrastructure Defects
● Dominant Mode - Poor maintenance, ageing,
● Long-distance Travel vandalism, sabotage
● Bulk Goods Movement - Much of the infrastructure - 19th
Socio-economic Development and 20th centuries
● National Integration - Lack of funds, corruption,
● Market Access inefficiency
● Employment Generation - Operating - over 100% capacity
Strategic Importance ● Human Errors
● Defense - Fatigue, negligence or disregard
● Disaster Relief - Results in - wrong signalling,
Recent train accidents miscommunication
● Triple-train collision in June, 2023 - Staff lacks adequate training and
● Freight train, Aurangabad, 2020 communication skills
● Signalling Failures
- Technical glitches, power outages
- Leads to trains running on the
wrong track
● UMLCs
- high risk of accidents, 16% of all
accidents(2018-19)
What has been done to reduce
accidents?
● Rashtriya Rail Sanraksha Kosh
● Technological Upgradation- BMBS,
improved suspension design; automatic
fire & smoke detection system in
coaches, KAVACH.
● LHB Design Coaches- based on German
technology; better than conventional ICF
design coaches.
● GPS based Fog Pass Device
● Modern Track Structure -PSC, higher UTS
rails, etc.
● Ultrasonic Flaw Detection
● Interlocking System- uses electrical or
electronic devices to operate the points
and signals from a central location
● Elimination of UMLCs
The
Analyst Railway Mishaps: What
Handout needs to be done?
10th June 2025
CONTEXT: In a tragic incident, four passengers died and nine sustained injuries after
falling off two separate local trains in Thane district of Maharashtra
What should be done to enhance rail
safety?
■ Investing more in safety-related works
■ Regular and comprehensive training to
railway staff
■ Eliminate Level Crossings - ROBs or
RUBs
■ Adopt advanced technologies:
Installation & strengthening of
ACDs(KAVACH)
■ Creation of a statutory Railway Safety
Authority
■ Regular Safety Audits and Inspections
■ Enhance Coordination and
Communication
The
Analyst Addressing Shortage of
Handout Critical Minerals
10th June 2025
CONTEXT: India remains critically dependent on China for REE.
Addressing Shortage of Critical ● Critical Minerals in India
Minerals: ○ Ministry of Mines has identified
30 critical minerals
● ‘no particular definition’ & ‘their own
○ Some of them are - Antimony,
criteria’
Beryllium, Bismuth, Cobalt,
● REE - Subset Copper, Gallium, Germanium,
● These(metallic or non-metallic) have two Lithium, etc.
characteristics Significance of Critical Minerals for India
- Essentiality ● Economic Development
- Supply Chain Risks ● National Security
● 'criticality' of minerals - changes with time ● Environmental Sustainability
● Examples: antimony, beryllium, bismuth, Concerns Related to Critical Minerals in
cobalt, copper, gallium, germanium, India
lithium, vanadium, etc.
● Limited Domestic Reserves
● Applications:
● Increasing Demand for Minerals
○ Used to manufacture advanced
technologies ● Challenges Posed by China
○ Used in low-emission technologies ● Lack of Processing and Manufacturing
○ Some also crucial for common Steps Required
products ● Assessment of the availability and
● Top Producers: Chile, Indonesia, Congo, accessibility
China, Australia, and South Africa. ● Significant investments in infra, R&D
and policy support
● Setting Up a Specialised Body
The
Analyst Addressing Shortage of
Handout Critical Minerals
10th June 2025
CONTEXT: India remains critically dependent on China for REE.
Mains Practise Questions:
"Critical minerals are essential for
India's economic security and
technological advancement. Discuss
the significance of critical minerals in
the context of India's energy transition
and industrial growth. Also, examine the
challenges associated with their
availability and suggest measures to
ensure a sustainable supply."
The
Analyst
Handout Water Harvesting Models
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 3 Paper : Conservation
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 4
The
Analyst
Handout
Women in Agriculture
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 3 Paper : Agriculture
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 6
The
Analyst SEZ Norms for Chips &
Handout Electronic Units
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 3 Paper : Indian Economy
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 13
The
Analyst SEZ Norms for Chips &
Handout Electronic Units
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 3 Paper : Indian Economy
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 13
The
Analyst
Handout
Tardigrades
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 3 Paper : Science & Technology
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 3
The
Analyst Robust De-addiction
Handout Centres
10th June 2025
SYLLABUS : GS 2 Paper : Health
Newspaper: The Hindu Page Number: 4
The
Analyst
Handout Daily Quiz
10th June 2025
Q1. Consider the following Minerals : Q4. Consider the following statements
regarding the Special Economic Zone
1. Antimony (SEZ) :
2. Beryllium
3. Cobalt 1. It is a specially designated area
4. Copper within the country with different
5. Gallium economic laws and policies than
the rest.
How many of the above minerals are 2. It aims to promote exports and
considered critical minerals? Foreign Direct investments in the
a) Only Two country.
b) Only Three 3. The products made in SEZ
c) Only Four especially target the needs of the
d) All Five domestic market.
Answer: d Which of the statements given above
is/are correct?
Q2. In the context of ancient Indian history,
a) 1 and 2 only
what do the terms “Baoli, Jhalara & Bandhi”
b) 3 only
stand for:
c) 1 and 3 only
a) Folk literature d) 2 only
b) Different methods of irrigation
Answer: a
c) Water conservation system
d) Textile Products Q5. Consider the following statements
regarding Tardigrades:
Answer: c
1. They are robust aquatic animals
that have survived all five major
Q3. Consider the following statements :
mass extinction events.
1. The United Nations General Assembly
has declared 2027 as the International 2. They extract nutrients from plant
Year of the Woman farmer cells, algae and other small
2. The resolution celebrates the essential invertebrates.
role of women in global agriculture
Which of the above-given statements Which of the statements given above
is/are correct? is/are correct?
a) 1 only
b) 2 only a) 1 only
c) Both 1 and 2 b) 2 only
d) Neither 1 nor 2 c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: b
Answer: c