PROBLEM
PISTON A HAS A CROSS-SECTION OF 1,200 cm². B IS HIGHER THAN A
BY 2m. IF THE INTERVENING PASSAGES ARE FILLED WITH OIL HAVING
[Link] OF 0.8 AND A FORCE OF 4 kN IS ACTING ON B.
1. WHAT MUST BE THE PRESSURE AT PISTON B.
2. WHAT MUST BE THE PRESSURE AT PISTON A.
3. WHAT MUST BE THE FORCE EXERTED AT PISTON A.
GIVEN
AA = 1,200 cm² [Link] = 0.8
h = 2m FB = 4 kN
FIGURE
SOLUTION
1. PRESSURE AT PISTON B.
PB(800) = 4,000
PB = 5 N/cm²
PB = 50,000 N/m²
2. PRESSURE AT PISTON A
PA = PB + wh
PA = 50,000 + 9810 (0.8)(2)
PA = 65696 N/m²
3. FORCE EXERTED AT PISTON A:
65696(1200)
P=
(100)²
P = 7883.52 N 6
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PROBLEM
AN 18 kg SLAB SLIDES DOWN A 15 INCLINED PLANE ON A 3mm THICK
FILM OF OIL WITH VISCOSITY μ = 0.0814 Pa-s. IF THE CONTACT AREA
IS 0.3m.
GIVEN
m = 18 kg μ = 0.0814 Pa-s
ϴ = 15° A = 0.3 m²
FIGURE
SOLUTION
1. FIND THE TERMINAL VELOCITY OF THE SLAB.
τ =μ V
Y
F V
=μ
A Y
F = wsinϴ
= 18(9.81)sin15°
= 45.702 N
45.702 V
=0.0814
0.3
V = 5.614 m/s
0.003
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PROBLEM
THE READING OF AN AUTOMOBILE FUEL GAGE IS PROPORTIONAL TO
THE GAGE PRESSURE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK AS SHOWN ON
THE FIGURE. THE TANK IS 32 cm DEEP. UNIT WEIGHT OF GASOLINE
IS 6670 N/m³ AND THAT OF AIR IS 11.8 N/m³. UNIT WEIGHT OF
WATER IS 9790 N/m³
GIVEN
Tank depth = 32 cm
γgasoline = 6670 N/m³
γair = 11.8 N/m³
γwater = 9790 N/m³
Wcontamiantion depth = 3 cm
FIGURE
SOLUTION
1. DETERMINE THE GAGE READING WHEN THE TANK IS FULL
OF GASOLINE.
Pgage = 6670(0.32)
Pgage = 2134.4 N/m²
Pgage = 2134.4 Pa
2. HOW MANY cm. OF AIR REMAINS AT THE TOP WHEN THE GAGE
INDICATES FULL IF THE TANK IS 32 cm. DEEP AND IS CONTAMINATED
WITH 3 cm OF WATER.
0+11.8h (0.32 - 0.03 - h) (6670) + 9790(0.03) = 2134.4
11.8h + 1934.3 - 6670h + 293.7 = 2134.4
6658.2h = 93.6
3. DETERMINE THE PRESSURE AT THE INTERFACE OF THE
GASOLINE AND WATER WHEN THE GAGE INDICATES FULL.
d = 32.3 -3 -1.41 = 27.59 cm
PA = 11.8(0.0141) + 6670(0.2759)
PA = 1840.42 N/m² 8
PA = 1840.42 Pa
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PROBLEM
AN OPEN CYLIDNRICAL TANK HAVING A DIAM. OF 4 FT. AND A
HEIGHT OF 6ft. IS SUBMERGED IN WATER AT A DEPTH OF 3ft.
GIVEN
d = 4ft → 24 = 2ft γwater = 62.4 lb/ft³
h = 6ft Atm equivalent = 34ft
Submerged depth = 3ft Newdepth = 10ft
FIGURE
SOLUTION
1. NEGLECTING THE THICKNESS OF THE WALL, WHAT SI THE
WEIGHT OF THE TANK IF IT FLOATS IN THE POSITION SHOWN.
w = π(2)² (1) (62.4)
w = 787 lb
2. IF THE TANK IS HELD SO THAT THE TOP IS 10ft BELOW
THE WATER SURFACE, WHAT IS THE VALEU OF "y"? USE AN
ATMPHERIC PRESSURE EQUIVALENT TO A 34ft. HEAD OF WATER.
π)(4)²y
P2 = 62.4 (34+10+y) 2184(50.26) = 62.4 (44+y)( 4
P1V1 = P2V2 V1 = π
2 (4)²(4) P2 = 62.4 (44+y)
P1 = 62.4 (34+1) V1 = 5026 139,9847 = (44+y) y
P1 = 2184 V2 = π4 (4)²y y²+44y-139.9847 = 0
P V = P2V2
1 1 y = 2.98 ft.
3. WHAT IS THE FORCE ON THE INSIDE TOP OF THE TANK
IF THE TOP IS 10ft. BELOW THE WATER SURFACE?
F = whA
F = 62.4(10+2.980(π
4 )(4)²
F = 10180 lb
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11
PROBLEM
A MANOMETER IS ATTACHED TO A WATER AS SHOWN IN
THE FIGURE:
1. FIND THE HEIGHT OF THE FREE WATER SURFACE ABOVE
THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK.
2. FIND THE PRESSURE AT THE INTERFACE OF THE WATER
AND THE MERCURY.
3. FIND THE ABSOLUTE PRESSURE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK.
GIVEN
γwater = 9.81 kN/m³
Patm = 101.3 kPa
FIGURE
SOLUTION
1. HEIGHT OF FREE WATER SURFACE
ABOVE THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK.
9.81 (H = 0.15) - 13.6(9.81)(0.20) = 0
H = 2.87m
2. PRESSURE AT THE INTERFACE OF THE WATER
AND THE MERCURY.
P = 9.81(2.87 - 0.15)
P = 26.68 kPa
3. PRESSURE AT THE BOTTOM OF THE TANK
Pabs = 101.3 + 9.81(2.87) 10
Pabs = 129.45 kPa
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REFERENCES
BESAVILLA. (1980). FLUID MECHANICS & HYDRAULICS (3RD ED.).
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