REVISION
Chapter FOUR
➢ Physical properties of Alkali metals:
➢ Physical properties of Alkali metals:
➢ Physical properties of Alkali metals:
➢ Flame test (dry):
➢ Allotropy:
➢ How to get:
*1- Sodium Carbonate from sodium chloride.(Solvay)
NaCl +H2O +NH3+CO2 NH4Cl +NaHCO3
2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O +CO2
*2- Oxygen from KO2
4KO2 + 2CO2 CuCl2 2 K2CO3 +3O2
3- Nitrogen dioxide from Nitrogen.
N2 + 2O2 [Link] 2NO2
4- Ammonia from Calcium Carbide.
CaC2 + N2 [Link] CaCN2 + C
CaCN2 +3H2O CaCO3 +2NH3
➢ How to get:
* Given (NH4Cl , flame, CaO & water)
1- O2 2NaNO3 Δ 2NaNO2 + O2
2- N2 NaNO2 + NH4Cl Δ NaCl + 2H2O + N2
3- NH3 (i) CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2
(ii) 2NH4Cl + Ca(OH)2 Δ CaCL2 + 2H2O + 2NH3
➢ How to differentiate between:
Copper sulphate and aluminum sulphate or Copper and Aluminum salts?
➢ Complete:
1- Oxidation number of group V A ranges from ………. to ……….…
2- Oxidation number of Nitrogen in hydrogenated compounds range from ……….……… to
……….………, but in oxygenated compounds range from ……….……… to ……….………
➢ Show effect of heating on:
1- NH4NO2.
NH4NO2 ∆ N2 + 2H2O
2- KNO3.
2KNO3 ∆ 2KNO2 + O2
*3- Sodium Nitrate.
2NaNO3 ∆ 2NaNO2 + O2
*4- Lithium carbonate.
Li2CO3 ∆ Li2O + CO2
➢ Show effect of heating on:
5- Sodium bicarbonate.
2NaHCO3 ∆ Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2
*6- Copper hydroxide.
Cu(OH)2 ∆ CuO + H2O
➢ Write symbolic equation:
*1- Heating sodium with Oxygen, then add HCl /or H2O.
2Na+O2 ∆ Na2O2 , Na2O2 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O2
Na2O2 + 2H2O 2NaOH + H2O2
*2- Heating Potassium with Oxygen, then add HCl.
K+O2 ∆ KO2 , 2KO2 + 2HCl 2KCl + H2O2 + O2
2KO2 + H2SO4 K2SO4 + H2O2 + O2
2KO2 + 2H2O 2KOH + H2O2 + O2
*3- Reaction between Li with N 2 then add water.
6Li + N2 ∆ 2Li3N
Li3N +3 H2O ∆ 3LiOH +NH3
*4- Heating Mg with N 2then add H2O.
3Mg + N2 ∆ Mg3N2
Mg3N2 + 6H2O 3Mg(OH)2 + 2NH3
➢ Give reason:
*1- Sodium fires are not extinguished with water.
Because Sodium is chemically active metal so it replaces Hydrogen of
water through an exothermic reaction so H2 will burn with explosion.
2 Na + 2 H2O 2 Na OH + H2
*2- Potassium super Oxide is used in submarines.
Because it absorbs CO2 releasing O2 to purify air.
*3- Cesium metal is used in photo electric cells.
Due to large A.r and low I.p so electrons are easily released by little
amount of light. (Photoelectric phenomena)
➢ Give reason:
4- Calcium cyanamide is used as a fertilizer.
As it dissolves in water of irrigation releasing ammonia.
Ca CN2 + 3 H2O Ca CO3 + 2 N H3
5- Group VA elements have several oxidation states.
They range from -3 to 5 as they gain 3 or lose 5 e-s Examples
6- Some elements have allotropic forms.
Due to presence of element in different crystal lattice shapes due to
difference in number and arrange of atoms. So the element has different
forms same in [Link]. but differ in [Link]. examples
* Also they are solid non metals
7- The alloy of bismuth, lead, cadmium and tin is used as fuses.
Because this alloy has low M.P
➢ Give reason:
*8- KO2 and Na2O2 are [Link] while metal hydride reducing agents.
as they react with water and acids giving hydrogen peroxide and oxygen.
Na2O2 (S) + 2HCl (aq) 2 NaCl (aq) + H2O2 (aq)
2KO2 (S) + 2HCl (aq) 2KCl (aq) + H2O2 (aq) + O2 (g)
Metal hydride LiH + H2O LiOH + H2
*9- The hydrated salt of sodium carbonate called washing soda.
because it’s used in removing water hardness which is produced due to
presence of Ca+2 , Mg+2 salt soluble in water as washing soda reacts with
them producing water insoluble calcium and magnesium carbonate so
hardness is removed.
Na2CO3 (aq) + CaSO4 (aq) Na2SO4 (aq) + CaCO3 (S)
Na2CO3 (aq) + MgSO4 (aq) Na2SO4 (aq) + MgCO3 (S)
➢ Give reason:
10- Solubility of hydrides of group 5A decreases by increase atomic
number.
Due to decreasing electro negativity and polarity.
11- The white gel. ppt of AL(OH)3 disappears on adding excess of NaOH.
Al(OH)3 + NaOH NaAlO2 + 2H2O
12- Nitrogen is considered as inactive element.
Due to strong triple covalent bond which Binds the 2 Nitrogen atoms in
Nitrogen molecule (N N) So it needs high energy to react.
➢ Give reason:
13- Ammonia is not dried by concentrated sulphuric acid.
Because it reacts with ammonia to give ammonium sulphate
2 NH3 + H2 SO4 (NH4)2 SO4
14- Ammonia gas is considered as basic anhydride.
Because it dissolves in water forming alkali
NH3 + H2O NH4OH
15- Conc. Hydrochloric acid is used in the detection of ammonia gas.
Because it gives with ammonia gas white clouds from NH4Cl
NH3 + HCl NH4Cl
16- Ammonia is more basic than phosphine.
Because ammonia has higher polarity due to high E.N of N.
➢ Economic importance:
1- Arsenic: (highly toxic):
Used as a preservation substance for woods due its poisonous effect on
insects, bacteria and fungi.
To make arsenic trioxide used in the treatment of (Leukemia).
2- Antemoni:
To make leads antemonal alloy used in car batteries To be more harder.
Used in making semiconductors that used in making instruments of
detecting l.R.
3- Bismoth:
To make alloy with lead and cadmium used in electric fuses due its
low melting point.
➢ Economic importance:
4- Phosphorous: (pushing fans in ships) :
Phosphorous is used in the manufacture of matches, rat poison, several
military industries, and phosphorous fertilizers. Also used in production
of some alloys such as: phosphorous bronze (Cu + Sn + P) which is used
In the manufacture of some parts of ships Also used in the manufacture
of incendiary bombs.
➢ Uses of:
1- Sodium hydroxide:
1- Sodium hydroxide is used in many important industries such as:
Soap, Synthetic silk and paper.
2- It is used to purify petroleum from the acidic impurities.
3- Detection of basic radicals (cations)
2- Sodium Carbonate:
1- Manufacture of glass.
2- Paper industry.
3- Textile industry.
4- Water softening.
➢ Uses of:
3- Nitrogen:
Ammonia gas industry.
Nitrogenous fertilizer industry.
Filling car tyres (because it decreases the probability of exploding tyres,
due to its low response to the temperature change in addition to its lower
rate of leakage than atmospheric air).
Filling chips bags to keep potato’s slices crunchy due to its relative
inactivity.
Liquefied nitrogen used in preservation and transferring the living cells and
treatment of banging tumers.
➢ Scientific term:
1- The presence of element in different forms have the same chemical
properties but different physical properties.
2- Substance dissolved in water gives Alkali.
➢ Write short notes on:
1- Davy.
2- Haber.
3- Solvay
➢ Chemical formula:
1- Caustic Soda (NaOH)
2- Quick lime (CaO)
3- Slacked lime (Ca(OH)2)
4- Rock Salt (NaCl)
5- Carnalite (KCl.MgCl2.6H2O)
6- Apatite (CaF2.Ca3(PO4)2)
7- Washing Soda (Na2CO3.10H2O)
8- Phosphine (PH3)
9- Arsiene (AsH3)
10- Hydrazine (N2H4)
11- Hydroxyl Amine (NH2OH)
➢ How to differentite between:
1- NaCl, LiCl and KCl.
2- N2 and NH3
3- NH4OH & NaOH
4- CuCl2 & AlCl3
➢ Preparation of nitrogen gas in the
laboratory:
➢ Preparation of nitrogen gas in the
laboratory from atmospheric air:
➢ From heating mixture of sodium nitrite
& ammonium chloride solution:
➢ Nitrogen compounds:
Note:
Ammonia is identified by approaching to it a glass rod wet with conc.
HCl it forms white fumes of ammonium chloride.
NH3 + HCl NH4Cl
➢ Nitrogen compounds:
2- In industry: (By Haber)
N2 + 3H2 500oC, 200 At.P 2NH3
Catalyst (Fe) / Mo
Basic Anhydride:
Substance dissolved in water forming alkali.
➢ Explain with drawing an experiment
to prove that NH3 soluble in H2O and has alkaline effect.
➢ Choose:
1- Which of the following oxides does not react with potassium hydroxide solution?
a) Al2O3 b) Na2O c) CO2 d) P2O5
2- Alkali metals are characterized by their large ………
a) densities.
b) ionization potentials.
c) atomic radii.
d) electronegativities.
3- Sodium metal is extracted in industry by the electrolysis of ………
a) sodium chloride solution.
b) molten sodium chloride.
c) caustic soda solution.
d) molten caustic potash.
4- Hydrated sodium carbonate salt is known as ………….
a) quicklime. b) washing soda.
c) caustic soda. d) limewater.
5- Each of the following statements is correct, except ………..
a) Alkali metals are similar in their electronegativities.
b) Lithium properties differ from some of magnesium properties.
c) Photoelectric phenomenon of alkali metals increases by increasing the atomic
number.
d) Alkali metals are very strong reducing agents.
6- All the following chemical formulas represent peroxides, except …………….
a) Na2O2 b) H2O2
c) FeO d) BaO2
7- Upon using 100 mol of KO2 to purify the air in a submarine, (1) of CO2 gas are
consumed, and (2) of O2 gas are produced. What are the numbers of the moles
(1) & (2)?
8- Which of the following alkali metals carbonates is the least stable?
a) Li2CO3
b) Na2CO3
c) K2CO3
d) Cs2CO3
9- Ammonia gas can be prepared through the reaction of ammonium sulphate with …….
a) lime water b) bromine water
c) dil. hydrochloric acid d) acidified potassium permanganate
10- Which of the following represents an element its electron configuration is:
[Kr], 5s1 ?
a) It forms an anion with charge +1.
b) It forms with oxygen an ionic compound.
c) Its outermost energy level contains one proton.
d) It reacts only with metals.
11- Which of the following pairs of elements react together more vigorously?
a) Cs , Cl b) Cs , F
c) Na , Cl d) Na , F
12- What are the oxidizing agent & the reducing agent in the electrolysis of
sodium chloride melt?
13- In the two following reactions:
All the following are correct, except that …………..
a) they both are neutralization reactions.
b) they both form sodium salts.
c) the number of lone pairs of electrons in S atom in H2SO4 is higher than their
number in Cl atom in HCl.
d) they both are represented by the net ionic equation: H+(aq) + OH-(aq) H2O(l) .
14- When sodium carbonate reacts with the substance (X) which is dissolved
in water, CO2 gas evolves. What is the type of the substance (X)?
a) Basic oxide. b) Metal oxides.
c) Ammonia. d) Nonmetal oxide.
15- In the following unbalanced equations:
What are the types of the substance (X) & (Y)?
16- On dissolving an amount of the flasks of the substance (X) in water &
heating this solution, then passing the gas (Y) in it, and then allowing it to cool,
the crystals of (Z) are separated. What do the letters (X), (Y) & (Z) represent?
17- Which of the following graphical figures represents the change in the mass
of a sample of washing soda upon being heated strongly?
18- Which of the following two substances dissolve in water (each separately)
forming aqueous solutions?
a) Al(OH)3 , NaOH b) NaAlO2 , AlCl3
c) Cu(OH)2 , NaCl d) CaCO3 , Na2CO3
19- Which of the following represents the two reactions required for preparing
the two substances used in the preparation of ammonia gas?
20- Which of the following oxides dissolves in water forming a basic solution?
a) Carbon dioxide.
b) Nitrogen dioxide.
c) Sodium oxide.
d) Sulphur dioxide.
21- What is the common factor between the two groups of elements (1A) & (5A),
in the periodic table?
a) They both belong to s-block.
b) Their elements form ions with negative oxidation numbers.
c) They both are representative groups.
d) Their elements form ionic & covalent compounds.
22- Each of the following is a property of rubidium, except that it ……..
a) is kept under the surface of organic oils.
b) is burnt in pure oxygen forming an acidic oxide its formula is Rb 2O.
c) is a metal that rusts when being exposed to the atmospheric air.
d) reacts with chlorine gas forming rubidium chloride RbCl.
23- 1litre of water at 0℃ can dissolve 18 ml of nitrogen gas, this information is useful in ……
a) explaining the avoidance of nitrogen to combine with other elements.
b) collecting nitrogen gas over the surface of mercury when it is prepared from air.
c) collecting nitrogen gas over the surface of water when it is prepared in industry.
d) using nitrogen compounds which dissolve in water as fertilizers.
24- Which of the following statements is correct?
a) As2O3 is less acidic than N2O5.
b) Bi2O5 is an amphoteric oxide.
c) Sb2O3 is more basic than Bi2O3.
d) N2O3 is more basic than P 2O5.
25- Which of the following substances are used in preparing sodium carbonate by
Solvay’s method?
a) NH4Cl , NaCl , Ca(OH)2 , H2O
b) NaCl , NH3 , CaCO3 , H2O
c) CaCl2 , (NH4)2CO3 , NH3 , H2O
d) NaCl , Na2CO3 , NH3 , H2O
26- The phosphorus molecule in the vapor state consists of ………….
a) one atom. b) two atoms.
c) three atoms. d) four atoms.
27- Which of the following is an amphoteric oxide?
a) Sb2O3 b) N2O5
c) Bi2O5 d) P2O3
28- Which of the following oxides does not dissolve in sodium hydroxide?
a) Al2O3 b) MgO
c) P4O10 d) SiO2
29-The following table represents the results of adding 2 different solutions to an
unknown solution (X).
What is the cation which exists in solution (X)?
a) Al3+ b) Ca2+ c) Cu2+ d) Fe2+
30-All the following reactions are being accompanied by explosions, except ………
a) the partial decomposition of sodium nitrate.
b) the direct combination between potassium & chlorine.
c) the direct combination between sodium & bromine.
d) the partial decomposition of potassium nitrate.
31- The reaction of calcium cyanamide with water yields ………….
a) nitrogen gas. b) carbon dioxide gas.
c) nitrogen dioxide gas. d) ammonia gas.
32- Some of the elements of the groups (4A) & (5A) have several allotropic forms,
such as ………….
a) C , N. b) C , P.
c) Bi , As. d) Pb , Sb.
33- What is the compound which supplies the soil with nitrogen when it is
dissolved in irrigation water?
a) CaC2 b) CaCO3
c) CaCN2 d) Ca(NO3)2
34-Which of the following abbreviation represents H2S molecule according to VESPR?
a) AX2 b) AX2E c) AX4 d) AX3E
35-What is the difference between PH3 molecule & NH3 molecule?
a) PH3 molecule has a higher ability to donate a lone pair of electrons than NH 3
molecule.
b) PH3 molecule has a lower ability to donate a lone pair of electrons than NH 3
molecule.
c) PH3 molecule basicity is equal to the basicity of NH3 molecule.
d) PH3 molecule is amphoteric, while NH3 molecule is basic.
36- Which of the following oxides is the most basic?
a) K2O b) CaO
c) As2O3 d) Al2O3
37-The compound which includes [O-] is called?
a) Peroxide. b) Superoxide.
c) Normal oxide. d) amphoteric oxide.
38-7 mol of sodium hydroxide are added to 2 mol of aluminum chloride (both in
solution form). Which of the following graphical figures represents the change
in the mass of the formed precipitates over time?
39- Which of the following equations is correct & balanced?
a) Mg3N2 + O2 N2 + 3MgO
b) Mg3N2 + 2H2O NH3 + 3MgOH
c) Ca3N2 + 4C 3CaC + CaCN2
d) Ca3N2 + 6H2O 3Ca(OH)2 + 2NH3
40- 6 mol of magnesium react with excess of nitrogen gas to form …………..
a) 3 mol of magnesium nitrate.
b) 2 mol of magnesium nitride.
c) 2 mol of magnesium nitrate.
d) 3 mol of magnesium nitride.
41-Which of these oxides is more acidic?
a) As2O3 b) P2O5 c) Sb2O3 d) Bi2O3
42- Which molecule has the strongest bond?
a) N2 b) F2 c) O2 d) H2
43- All the following is correct about nitrogen, except ……………
a) its atomic size is the smallest compared to other group (5A) elements.
b) its electronegativity is the highest among group (5A) elements.
c) it can form bonds through the unpaired electrons in its (d) sublevel.
d) its ionization energy is the highest among group (5A) elements.
44- Why can not nitrogen gas react with magnesium except at high temperature?
a) Due to the small atomic radius of nitrogen.
b) Due to the high electronegativity of nitrogen.
c) Because it is difficult to break the covalent bond between the two nitrogen atoms.
d) Due to the stability of the electronic configuration of nitrogen.
45- Which of the following represents what happens on extracting metals
from their ores by electrolysis?
46- What can be concluded from the fountain experiment?
a) Basicity of ammonia gas only.
b) Polarity of ammonia gas only.
c) The stereo structure of ammonia gas only.
d) Basicity & polarity of ammonia gas.
47- Which of the following oxides reacts with both acids & bases forming a salt
& water?
a) P2O3 b) Bi2O5 c) N2O5 d) Sb2O3
48- Which of the following molecules obeys the octet rule?
a) SbF3 b) SF6 c) SiH4 d) BeH2
49- Which of the following is the correct graduation in the stability of the hydrides
of group (5A) elements?
50- All the following are oxides that can be formed when alkali metals react with
oxygen, except ……………
a) Li2O b) Na2O2 c) KO2 d) K2O2
51- Which of the following oxides react with either acids or bases forming a salt
& water?
a) ZnO b) CO2 c) CaO d) NO2
52- Which of the following includes two elements which do not have allotropic
forms?
a) P , As
b) As , Sb
c) N , Bi
d) P , C
53- Which of the following statements represents what happens during preparing
NH3 gas in lab?
a) Ammonium hydroxide is converted by heat into water & ammonia gas.
b) Ammonia gas is passed on quicklime to eliminate CO 2 gas.
c) Reactants are passed on a catalyst to decrease the reaction temperature.
d) Concentrated sulphuric acid is used to dry the gas.
54- Hydrogen bonds formed by ammonia gas result in ……….
a) its basic effect.
b) its high solubility in water.
c) its ionization in water.
d) its reactions with acids.
55- What is the scientific explanation for the fact that the melting point of lithium
(181℃) is higher that the melting point of sodium (98℃)? This is because …….
a) the number of valence electrons of lithium is higher than those of sodium.
b) sodium is more active than lithium.
c) sodium is softer than lithium.
d) the attraction forces between the positive ions & the electron cloud which
surrounds them are stronger in lithium than in sodium.
56- An impure sample of air contains high proportions of each of NH3 & CO2.
What are the substances which air can be passed through to eliminate these
gases?
57- Nitrogen dioxide can not be obtained by heating ………………
a) KNO3 b) Pb(NO3)2
c) Cu(NO3)2 d) AgNO3
58- On treating calcium cyanamide with water vapor under pressure, NH3 gas is
formed in addition to ………………
a) CaCO3 b) Ca(OH)2
c) CaO d) Ca(HCO3)2
59- The probable method to extract cesium from its compounds is ……….
a) the reduction by H2 gas.
b) the double displacement.
c) the electrolysis.
d) the simple displacement.
60- Alkali metals react with hydrogen forming compounds in which the oxidation
number of the metal is …………
a) - ½ b) -1
c) -2 d) +1
61- What is the number of the hybrid orbitals in one molecule of acetylene?
a) 4 b) 3
c) 2 d) 1
62- Nitrogen gas & ammonia gas are similar in that they both ……….
a) have characteristic odours.
b) are sparingly soluble in water.
c) have neutral effect on litmus dye.
d) are lighter than air.
63- A mixture of NH3 , N2 & CO2 gases is passed in the apparatus shown in the
following figure.
Which of the following represents a property of the gas (X)?
a) It turns the color of litmus solution to red when it is passed in it.
b) It reacts with metals forming nitrides.
c) It turns clear limewater turbid.
d) It increases the glowing of a lit splint.
64- Which of the following reactions is accompanied by explosion?
65- All the following compounds are similar in the oxidation number of oxygen,
except ……………
a) K2CO3 b) K2O
c) KOH d) KO2
66- What is the anhydride of ammonium hydroxide?
a) HCl b) NH3
c) NH4Cl d) NH2NH2
67- Aluminum ion is similar to copper (II) ion in that …………
a) the oxidation number of both of them is +2.
b) the two elements are located in the same period in the periodic table.
c) the two elements are located in the same group in the periodic table.
d) they both form water insoluble hydroxides.
68- Which of the methods illustrated in the following figures is(are) used in
preparing ammonia gas?
a) (1) b) (2)
c) (3) d) (1) & (2)
69- Which of the following substances reacts with water forming an alkaline
solution & a basic gas?
a) LiH b) Na
c) Na2O2 d) Li3N
70- It is not normal for sodium to exist in the oxidation state (+2), because of
its ………….
a) high first ionization potential.
b) high second ionization potential.
c) large atomic radius.
d) high electronegativity.
71- When lithium reacts with nitrogen of the atmospheric air by heating then,
water is added to the product, a gas evolves which is …………
a) oxygen. b) hydrogen.
c) nitric oxide. d) ammonia.
72- On burning sodium in pure oxygen, an oxide is formed containing …………..
a) O2- ion. b) O+ ion.
c) O2- ion. d) O22- ion.
73- All alkali carbonates melt by strong heating without decomposition, except ….
a) lithium carbonate.
b) sodium carbonate.
c) potassium carbonate.
d) cesium carbonate.
74- Sodium metal is extracted in industry by the electrolysis of ………….
a) sodium chloride solution.
b) molten sodium chloride.
c) caustic soda solution.
d) molten caustic potash.
75- Metal nitride dissolved in water forming ……………
a) H2 b) NH3 c) CO2 d) N2
76- Metal hydride reacts with water releasing …………..
a) H2 b) NH3 c) N2 d) CO2
77- Sodium peroxide reacts with HCl forming ………….
a) 2NaCl + H2O
b) 2NaCl + H2O + O2
c) 2NaCl + H2O2
d) 2NaCl + O2
78- Superoxide reacts with water forming ……………
a) alkali
b) alkali + O2
c) alkali + H2O2 + O2
d) alkali + H2
79- One of the following used to purify air in submarines ………….
a) Na2O b) CO2 c) K2O d) KO2
80- What is the correct classification of cesium oxide?
a) Very strong base
b) Weak base
c) Acidic oxide
d) Amphoteric oxide
81- Which of these hydroxides is more basic?
a) NaOH b) LiOH
c) RbOH d) KOH
82- Which of the following alkali metals carbonates is less thermally stable?
a) Li2CO3 b) Na2CO3
c) K2CO3 d) Cs2CO3
83- Which of the following elements loses its valence electron easier?
a) Li b) Na c) K d) Cs
84- Which of the following graphical figures represents the formed masses of the
precipitates when excess NaOH solution is added to two different solutions,
one of them contains 1g of Cu2+ ions and the other contains 1 g of Al 3+ ions?
85- All the following reactions occur vigorously, except the …………
a) decomposition reaction of potassium nitrate.
b) reaction of alkali metal with halogen.
c) reaction of alkali metal with water.
d) reaction of alkali metal with nitrogen.
86- Alkali metal [peroxide] reacts with H2SO4 forming ……..….
a) salt + H2O2 + O2 b) salt + H2O2
c) salt + H2O d) none
87- KO2 absorb CO2 releasing …………
a) O2 b) H2 c) N2 d) CO
88- Alkali metal nitrate partilaly decomposed forming ………….
a) alkali metal nitride + O2.
b) alkali metal nitrite + O2.
c) alkali metal oxide + NO2 + O2.
d) none.
89- Metal hydride with water forming …………… prove that metal hydride acts
as ……………
a) O2 / Reducing agent b) N2 / Oxidizing agent
c) H2 / Reducing agent d) H2 / Oxidizing agent
90- KO2 is ……….. agent as reacts with water forming ……………
a) Reducing agent / alkali
b) Oxidizing agent / alkali + H2O2
c) Oxidizing agent / alkali + H2O2 + O2
d) Reducing agent / salt + H2O2 + O2
91- …………. Is used to differentiate between CuSO4 and Al2(SO4)3
a) HCl b) H2SO4 c) NaOH d) HNO3
92- On strong heating of blue ppt. of Cu(OH)2 …………… is formed due to …….
a) white / CuO b) black / CuO
c) yellow / Cu2O d) green / CuO2
93- On adding excess of caustic soda to [Al+++] salt …………… formed.
a) Al(OH)3 white green ppt.
b) NaAlO2 + H2O
c) green ppt. of Al(OH)3
d) Al2O3 + H2O
94- On dissolving alkali metals in liquified ammonia then, adding O2 …………
oxide is formed.
a) XO2 b) X2O
c) X3O d) X2O2
95- One of the following used to purify petroleum from acidic impurities ………
a) HCl b) H2SO4 c) NaOH d) NaCl
96- Caustic soda prepared by electrolysis of ………….
a) molten NaCl.
b) concentrated solution of NaCl.
c) diluted solution of NaCl.
d) none
97- The normal oxide of alkali element (M) is ……………
a) M2O2 b) MO c) M2O d) M2O3
98- Which of the following is an alkali metal?
a) Radium b) Cesium
c) Calcium d) Lanthanum
e) Cerium
99- Sodium metal could be prepared from its ore by the electrolysis of molten
sodium chloride. Which of the following best describes this process?
a) Chloride ions are oxidized at the cathode and sodium ions are reduced at the
anode.
b) Chloride ions are reduced at the anode and sodium ions are oxidized at the
cathode.
c) Chloride ions are oxidized at the anode and sodium ions are reduced at the
cathode.
d) Chloride ions are reduced at the cathode and sodium ions are oxidized at the
anode.
100- Which of the following is the correct balanced equation for the reaction of
sodium with oxygen?
a) 2Na(s) + O2(g) 2Na2O2(s)
b) 2Na(s) + O2(g) 4Na2O(s)
c) 4Na(s) + O2(g) 2NaO2(s)
d) 4Na(s) + O2(g) 2Na2O (s)
e) 2Na(s) + O2(g) 2NaO2(s)
101- When a student uses a sodium hydroxide solution to detect a Cu2+ cation in a
sample of copper (II) sulfate, which of the following is the correct
observation?
a) A blue precipitate is produced, which turns black by heating due to the
formation of copper (II) hydroxide.
b) A white precipitate is produced, which turns black by heating due to the
formation of copper (II) hydroxide.
c) A blue precipitate is produced, which turns black by heating due to the
formation of copper (II) oxide.
d) A white precipitate is produced, which turns black by heating due to the
formation of copper (II) oxide.
102- Which of the following alkali metals is the most reactive?
a) Cesium b) Potassium
c) Lithium d) Rubidium
e) Sodium
103- What is the molecular formula of the compound produced when lithium
reacts with oxygen gas?
a) Li2O3 b) Li2O
c) LiO d) Li3O
e) LiO2
104- What is the name of the product of the reaction of sodium metal with
phosphorus?
a) Sodium thiophosphate b) Sodium phosphite
c) Sodium phosphide d) Sodium phosphate
105- What gas is formed when an alkali metal reacts with water?
a) Carbon dioxide b) Hydrogen
c) Nitrogen d) Methane
e) Oxygen
106- Superoxide reacts with water forming ……………
a) alkali b) alkali + O2
c) alkali + H2O2 + O2 d) alkali + H2
107- Which of the following is not a property of alkali metals?
a) They react with oxygen to produce oxides, peroxides, and superoxides.
b) They are otherwise known as group 1 metals.
c) They have low densities relative to most other metals.
d) They have two s electrons in their outer shell.
e) They react with water to produce hydroxides and hydrogen.
108- Which of these hydroxides is more basic?
a) NaOH b) LiOH c) RbOH d) KOH
109- On adding excess of caustic soda to [Al+++] salt …………… formed.
a) Al(OH)3 white green ppt. b) NaAlO2 + H2O
c) green ppt. of Al(OH)3 d) Al2O3 + H2O
110- What is the chemical formula for washing soda?
a) Na2CO3·5H2O b) NaCO3·10H2O
c) Na2CO3 d) Na2CO3·11H2O
e) Na2CO3·10H2O
111- 2Na + Cl2 2NaCl, Which is oxidizing agent?
a) Na b) Cl2
c) Na+ d) Cl-
112- During electrolysis of molten NaCl which is reducing agent and evolved at …
a) Cl- / anode b) Cl- / cathode
c) Na+ / anode d) Na+ / cathode
➢ Answer:
1- Write the names & the symbols of the chemical substances indicated by
numbers in the following schemes:
➢ Answer:
2- In the following scheme: