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Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by unwanted obsessions and compulsions that cause significant distress and time consumption. The diagnosis criteria include the presence of obsessions or compulsions, their impact on daily life, and exclusion of other medical conditions. Treatment options include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and medications such as SSRIs, with related disorders like Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Hoarding Disorder also noted.

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RIBO, DEL
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8 views2 pages

Understanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is characterized by unwanted obsessions and compulsions that cause significant distress and time consumption. The diagnosis criteria include the presence of obsessions or compulsions, their impact on daily life, and exclusion of other medical conditions. Treatment options include Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and medications such as SSRIs, with related disorders like Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Hoarding Disorder also noted.

Uploaded by

RIBO, DEL
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

OBSESSIVE – COMPULSIVE AND RELATED DISORDERS

 specific type of anxiety characterized by obsession and compulsion


 Obsession – recurrent, intrusive thoughts that are typically unwanted
 Compulsion – repetitive actions to reduce anxiety from obsession
- (e.g., frequent hand washing, frequent checking)
 OC and related disorders: New in DSM V
 Trichotillomania (hair pulling disorder) is moved from OCD to “impulse-control
disorder”
Criteria in Dx for OCD
1. Presence of obsession, compulsions, or both
2. O and C are time consuming (e.g., take > 1 hour/day) causing distress to daily
life (e.g. two hours folding clothes and getting late to work)
3. O an C are not physiological effects of substance or other medical condition
4. disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder
Cause: unknown; related to serotonin abnormality; more often in identical twins
Signs and Symptoms
 tense, anxious, worried, and fretful
 difficulty relating symptoms due to embarrassment
 make sound judgement but cannot act them
 feeling of “going crazy”
Nursing Management
 convey honest interest and concern. DO NOT flatter or dishonest.
 Provide opportunity to task that are easily accomplished
Treatment
 Psychotherapy: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- Exposure and Response Prevention: Exposure (confronting the situations
and stimuli that he or she usually avoids. Response (delaying or avoiding
performance of rituals).
Medical Management
 SSRI - fluvoxamine (Luvox) and sertraline (Zoloft) - are first-line choices
 second-generation antipsychotics – for treatment-resistant OCD
Disorders Under the OCD:
 Body Dysmorphic Disorder
- no longer coded as both delusional disorder –somatic type and body
dysmorphic disorder
- designated only as body dysmorphic disorder with the absent insight or
delusional beliefs
 Hoarding Disorder (NEW Disorder)
- Extreme hoarding may occur in OCD
- Persistent difficulty discarding or parting with possessions regardless of their
actual value
 Body identity integrity disorder (BIID)
- feeling “overcomplete,” or alienated from a part of their body and desire
amputation.
 Oniomania
- or compulsive buying, is an acquisition type of reward-seeking behavior.

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