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Understanding Surds and Their Rules

The document explains the concept of surds, which are numbers whose square roots are not whole numbers, in contrast to perfect squares. It outlines the rules for simplifying surds, adding and subtracting them, and emphasizes the importance of like terms in algebra. Additionally, it mentions the process of rationalizing the denominator.

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4 views22 pages

Understanding Surds and Their Rules

The document explains the concept of surds, which are numbers whose square roots are not whole numbers, in contrast to perfect squares. It outlines the rules for simplifying surds, adding and subtracting them, and emphasizes the importance of like terms in algebra. Additionally, it mentions the process of rationalizing the denominator.

Uploaded by

ahzjisbest2
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Surds

Adeeba Tariq
• A number whose square root gives a whole
number is called a Perfect square.
• Examples: 4, 9, 16, 25 are perfect squares as
their square roots are 2, 3, 4, 5 respectively
• When the square root is not a whole number, we
refer it to as Surd
• Examples: 2, 5
Rules of Surds
• 𝑚𝑛 = 𝑚 × 𝑛

• 𝑚× 𝑚=𝑚

𝑚 𝑚
• =
𝑛 𝑛
Complete Mathematics, 6th Edition, Book Page 35
Answers
Simplifying Surds

A surd is in its simplest form when the number inside the square

root sign is as small as possible.

To simplify a surd, write the number being square rooted as a product


of two numbers where one is the largest square number possible, then
simplify.
Complete Mathematics, 6th Edition, Book Page 36
Answers
Adding and Subtracting Surds

• Algebraic terms must be like terms before they can be added or subtracted.

• For example, 2𝑥 + 7𝑥 simplifies to 9𝑥 but 2𝑥 + 7𝑦 cannot be simplified. It


is the same with surds. 2 5 + 7 5 simplifies to 9 5 but 2 5 + 7 6
cannot be simplified.

• Sometimes surds need to be simplified before they can be added or


subtracted.
Complete Mathematics, 6th Edition, Book Page 38
Answers
Rationalizing the denominator
Complete Mathematics, 6th Edition, Book Page 39
Answers

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