PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT Brain Lateralization

The Powers of Adolescent Brain:

The Human Brain

- The most powerful human
organ
- Largest; makes up about 2%
of a human’s body weight
- Consists of 100 billion cells
connected t0 1000 other brain
cells with 100 trillion
connections.
- In Resting State - it takes up
only one ⅕ of all the energy
generated by your body
- Weighs about 3.3 pounds or
1.5 kilograms

Gray Matter
- Contains 86 billion neurons

White Matter
- Contains billions of nerve fibers

Neuron
- Connected by trillions of
connections
- synapses

- Our brain can process 30

billion bits of information a
second.

The Hemispheres of the Brain

Left Hemisphere
- handle tasks such as reading,
writing, speaking, arithmetic
reasoning and understanding +
+ logic (math and science)
- Speech and language

Right Hemisphere
- Visual and auditory
processing, spatial and
artistic skills; creativity and
arts.
 - One hemisphere is the limbic system
usually dominant in - Limbic System - under
certain functions great control of the
prefrontal cortex
The Adolescents
3. Peer Pressure
Brain Social - Social anxiety increases
- Abstract Reasoning
Cognition makes it possible to
- A process where social brain consider
seems
to change during adolescence
- Social Approval
- Independence
- Self-awareness & consciousness

Amygdala
- Connects sensory
information to
emotional response

Prefrontal Cortex
- Rational part of the brain

Five Things About Mysterious

Teen Brain

1. New Thinking Skills

- More
interconnected
and gains
processing
power
- Computatio
nal and
decision-
making
skills
- Emotional seat of
the brain and less
of the more
rational prefrontal
cortex

2. Intense Emotions
- Puberty is the
beginning of
major changes in
 yourself from the
eyes of another. Emotions - natural and instinctive state of
mind or intuitive feeling
4. Measuring Risk
- Vulnerable to engaging
risky behaviors

5. I am the center of the universe!

- Oxytocin - bonding
hormone
- Linked to the
feelings of self-
consciousness

Teens Brain Characteristics

- The adolescent brain is
adaptable
- Has its own complexities
- Is resilient
- Needs more rest
- Acts differently from adults

The changes in the adolescent brain

mean that they act differently from
adults

Based on the stage of their brain

development, adolescents are more..

● Act on impulse
● Get involved in fights and
accidents of all kinds
● Engage in dangerous or
risky behavior
● Misread and misinterpret social
cues and emotions

Adolescents are less likely to..

● Think before they act
● Change their
dangerous or
inappropriate
behaviors
● Pause to consider the
consequences of their
actions

Emotions
 ● Circumstance those emotions
● Mood - Emotional Reaction >>
● Relationships Physical Reactions

- Involves body systems

(hormone and autonomic
nervous system) and the
hindbrain and midbrain

Physiological Terms
- Complex state of feeling
that results in physical
and psychological
changes that influence
thought and behavior.

Three Purposes of Emotions

1. Emotions are a
means of
Communication
2. Emotions motivate
behavioral impulses
3. Emotions signal

a need Theory of

Emotions

The Evolutionary Theory of Emotion

- Charles Robert Darwin
- Emotions are adaptive
and allow humans and
animals to survive and
reproduce

The James-Lange Theory of Emotion

- William James & Carl Lange
- Emotions occur as a
result of physiological
reactions to events
- External Stimulus >>>
Physiological Responses

The Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion

- Walter Bradford Cannon
- Physiological reactions
are linked to emotions
without actually feeling
 Schachter-Singer Theory - Male and female differ in how much
- Stanley Schachter and Jerome E. emotion they express (Gender Roles,
Singer Cultural Norms and Context)
- Two factor theory of
emotion-cognitive theory of
emotion
- The physiological arousal
occurs first must identify the
reason for this arousal in order
to experience and label it as
an emotion.

Cognitive Appraisal Theory

- Richard Lazarus
- Thinking must occur first
before experiencing
emotions
- Stimulus > Thought >
Physiological Response >
Emotion

The Biological Bases of Emotions

- Accompanied by the
activation of two major areas
of the nervous system: The
Brain and The Autonomic
Nervous System

Sympathetic Nervous System

- Prepares body for action
expanding energy
- Send signal to the Adrenal Gland

Adrenal Gland
- Secretes the hormones
epinephrine and
norepinephrine
- Blood Sugar, Heart rate.
Respiration, increases blood
and sugar level, and fight or
flight responses

Parasympathetic Nervous System

- Keeps the body still- works to
keep energy in the body

Gender Differences
 - For both men and Techniques for Managing Emotions
women, having a non- (Fisher, Ury, & Patton, 1991)
traditional gender role
leads to increased Emotional Intelligence (term started by Dr.
emotional Michael Beldoch but was popularized by
expressiveness. Daniel Goleman)

Emotions and Culture

- Six Basic Emotions (Dr.
Paul Ekman):
Happiness, Sadness,
Anger, Fear, Disgust
and Surprise

Emotional Facilitation Factor

- Ability to know how to
include or exclude
emotions from thought
depending on context
and situation
- Salovey and Mayer
developed a
comprehensive
definition of El.

The Brain & Emotional Intelligence

Emotion Regulation
- Emotions are the most present,
pressing, and
sometimes painful force
in our lives.

1. Do not react right away.

2. Ask for divine guidance
3. Find a Healthy Outlet
4. Look at the bigger picture
5. Replace your thoughts
6. Forgive your emotional triggers
7. Emotions can’t be
turned on and off like a
tap
8. Emotions are not
positive and
negative
9. You are not your emotions
[Link] always have a choice
 - According to Goleman, El is cognitive activities
the array of skills and 3. Understanding Emotions
characteristics that drive
leadership performance.

Emotional Quotient
- refers to the capability of
individuals to recognize their
own emotions and those of
others and etc,.

Three Main Models of El

1. Trait Model
- Konstantin Vasily Petrides
- Group of emotional
self-perceptions located
at the lower levels of
personality
- encompasses
behavioral inherent and
self-perceived abilities
and is measured
through self-report.

2. Ability Model
- Peter Salovey & John
Mayer
- individual's ability to
process emotional
information and use it to
navigate the social
environment. // ability to
facilitates thought and
understanding

Four Types of Ability Based On

El
1. Perceiving Emotions
- Ability to detect
and convert
emotions in
faces, pictures,
voices, and
cultural artifacts
2. Using Emotions
- Ability to harness
emotions to
facilitate various
 - Ability to 1. Family
understan - two or more persons who
d are related by birth,
emotional marriage, or adoption
language and who live together as
4. Managing Emotions one household
- Ability 2. Friendship
to - Close tie between two people
regulat 3. Partnership
e - Close relationships built
emotio upon affection, trust,
ns in intimacy, and romantic
both love
ourselv
es and
in
others

Three Main Models of El (continuation)

3. Mixed Model (Trait + Ability)
- El as a
wide array
of
competenc
ies that
drive
leadership
performanc
e.
● Self
Awareness
● Self
Regulation
● Social Skills
● Empathy
● Motivation

Intrapersonal

Relationships

Personal

Relationships
- State of connectedness
- Emotional bonds

Three Kinds of Personal Relationships

Importance of Relationships interest.
- Long, healthy and happy life
- Survival

Conflicts
- Strains relationships and
makes it difficult for parties to
recognize that they share
common needs and goals.

Developing Attachment
- Creating bonds with people you
care for, those whom you love
and you respect.
1. Physical Connection
2. Verbal Affirmation
3. Emotional Ability
4. Trust

Attraction and Its Expressions

Body Language
- The unspoken
element of
communication
● Gestures
● Facial Expressions
● Posture

Body, Touching, Posturing

- Females touch parts of their
body when they are attracted
to someone, typically in
erogenous zones.
- Erogenous men zones touch
when they are attracted to
someone.
- He may turn his head but the
front of his body will be facing
you (when shy)

Eye Glances
- A shy woman may turn her
body in the other direction
while sending glances your
way.
- Men love to wink and raise
the eyebrows to show
Social Space
- Closeness is a
positive sign of
interest by a
woman.
- Leaning forward is a
positive sign of
attraction
- Men are more
aggressive about
entering a suitor's
physical space and
touching.
- Touching arms and
shoulders are
common gestures.
- Rubbing the back is a
very intimate gesture

Microexpressions
- A super brief facial
expression that only
appears for ⅕ - 1/25 of a
second
- Can be considered
reliable as to the
person’s true feelings

Deceptive Expressions
- Fake smile is done consciously

Authentic Expressions
- Isn't controlled by any muscles