RELATIVE CLAUSES

Cách sử dụng các đại từ quan hệ trong MĐQH:

S (chủ ngữ) O ( tân ngữ) P( sở hữu)
Danh từ chỉ người Who/that Who/whom/that whose
Danh từ chỉ vật Which/that Which/that Whose/of which
Dt vừa người & That That
vật
Nơi chốn Where = in/at/on
which
Thời gian When = in/at/on
which
Lý do Why = for which

Các loại mệnh đề quan hệ:

1. Mệnh đề quan hệ có giới hạn Ex: The book is interesting. I bought it
(không dấu phẩy): yesterday.
- thường được dùng khi danh từ đứng => The book (which) I bought yesterday is
trước ĐTQH có mạo từ “a/an/the” interesting.

2. MĐQH không giới hạn ( có dấu

phẩy):
- MĐQH không giới hạn xuất hiện khi
danh từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ là các
loại danh từ sau: Ex1: Tom, whom you met last night, is my
+ Danh từ riêng son.
+ Danh từ có tính từ chỉ định Ex2: That man, who has sent you a gift,
(this/that/these/those) lives next door to me.
+ Danh từ có tính từ sở hữu Ex3: His book, which was bought last
(my/his/her/your/their/our/its) night, is interesting.
+ Sở hữu cách ( Tom’s, …) Ex4: Lan’s book, which was bought last
- Không dùng “ THAT” trong MĐQH night, is interesting .
không giới hạn.
- Không được bỏ các đại từ quan hệ
làm tân ngữ ( WHO, WHOM, WHICH)
và các trạng từ quan hệ trong MĐQH
không giới hạn. Ex5: Peter failed again, which does not
- Trong MĐQH không giới hạn “ WHICH” make us surprised.
có thể được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho cả
câu. Ex6: I received two jobs offers .I accepted
- Khi muốn thêm thông tin về toàn bộ neither of them
hoặc 1 phần số vật hay người cụ thể , ta => I received two jobs offers, neither of
dùng mđqh không giới hạn với “ of which I accepted
which , of whom, of whose, most of, half Ex7: I have two friends .One of their
of , plenty of, some of , one of , neither problems is poor study habit
of, all of, several of, both of, ten of, a few => I have two friends, one of whose
of ….” problems is poor study habit

GIỚI TỪ VỚI ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ

Trong mệnh đề quan hệ có giới từ thì
giới từ có 2 vị trí đứng:
- Giới từ đứng trước đại từ quan hệ hoặc Ex1: She is the woman about whom I
giới từ đứng sau động từ. told you
- Lưu ý: Giới từ không đứng trước đại She is the woman who/whom/ that I told
từ quan hệ “ who và that” you about.
- Khi giới từ là thành phần của cụm động
từ thì không thể đem giới từ ra trước
“whom, which, whose” Ex2:Did you find the world which you
- Giới từ “ WITHOUT”không được đặt sau were looking up ? (NOT : _____the world
động từ mà phải đặt trước đại từ quan hệ. up which you were looking ? )
Ex3: The woman without whom I can’t
live is Jane
( NOT : The woman whom can’t live
without is Jane )
DẠNG RÚT GỌN MĐQH THÀNH NGỮ PHÂN TỪ:V-ING, V3, TO V
1. Ngữ hiện tại phân từ ( V-ing) được Ex: That man, who is standing over
dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ there , is my best friend.
ở thể chủ động. => That man , standing over there, is
my best friend
2. Ngữ quá khứ phân từ(V3/ed) được Ex:The boy who was injured in the
dùng khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan hệ accident was taken to the hospital.
ở thể bị động. => The boy injured in the accident was
taken to the hospital.
3. “To infinitive” có thể được dùng khi Ex: He was the last man who left the
đại từ quan hệ làm chủ ngữ đứng sau burning building.
“the first, the second, …, the last, => He was the last man to leave the
the next, the only, the one, dạng so burning building.
sánh nhất( the + adj ngắn + est/ the
most + adj dài) hoặc để chỉ mục đích, sự
cho phép)
Cách làm bài tập dạng điền đại từ quan hệ vào chỗ trống
1. ______ N(chỉ người) + WHO/ THAT (làm chủ ngữ) + V +…
2. ______ N(chỉ người) + WHO/WHOM/THAT + S + V +…(làm O)
3. ______ N(chỉ người) + WHOSE (làm ttsh) + N + V/ N + S + V+…
4. ______ N(chỉ vật) + WHICH/ THAT + V+ …
5. ______ N(chỉ vật) + WHICH + S + V+…
6. ______ N(chỉ vật) + WHOSE + N + V/ N + S+V+….
7. ______ thời gian + WHEN ( = on/in/at + which) +…
8. ______ nơi chốn + WHERE (= on/in/at + which) +….
9. ______ lý do + WHY + (= for which) +….
Không dùng “ THAT” trong MĐQH không giới hạn (có dấu phẩy)

PRACTICE
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer.
1. Sunday is the day______ I go to Water park with my kinds.
a. when b. where c. why d. which
2. Do you know the reason______ 006 was killed?
a. when b. where c. why d. which
3. That was the reason______ he didn’t marry her.
a. when b. where c. why d. which
4. An architect is someone______ deigns buildings.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
5. The boy to______ I lent my money is poor.
a. that b. whom c. who d. which
6. The land and the people______ I have met are nice.
 a. who b. whom c. that d. which
7. Did you ever find out______ penetrated in your house last month?
a. who b. whom c. that d. which
8. The year______ the first man traveled in space will never be forgotten.
a. which b. that c. when d. where
9. I cannot tell you all______ I heard.
a. Which b. that c. as d. because
10. I can answer the question______ you day is very difficult.
a. which b. whom c. who d. whose
11. We saw the girl______ you say is beautiful.
a. which b. whom c. who d. whose
12. This is the place______ the battle took place ten years ago.
a. which b. in where c. where d. from where
13. Sunday is the day______ which we usually go fishing.
a. during b. at c. in d. on
14. The person______ you want to see is not her.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. which
15. This is the last time______ I speak to you
a. of which b. when c. who d. whose
16. He talked about the books and the authors______ interested him.
a. who b. that c. which d. whom
17. He talked about the books and the authors______ interested him.
a. who b. that c. which d. whom
18. You know your lesson______ surprises me.
a. who b. which c. that d. no word is needed
19. Bondi is the beautiful beach______ I used to sunbathe.
a. when b. where c. which d. why
20. Dec 26th, 2005 was the day______ the terrible tsunami happened
a. when b. where c. why d. which
21. The woman______ lives nest door is doctor.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
22. The boy ____ Mary likes is my son.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
23. The boy_____ eyes are brown is my son.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
24. The book ____ is on the table is interesting.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
25. The book ____ you bought yesterday is interesting.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
26. The table____ legs are broken should be repaired.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
27. The book ____ you bought yesterday is interesting.
a. who b. whom c. which d. 
28. This is the room ____ 006 was killed.
a. when b. where c. why d. which
29. The princess was happy during the years____ she lived with the fairy.
a. when b. in which c. where d. that
30. The town____ we are living is noisy and crowded
a. in where b. which c. at which d. where
31. The year____ we came to live here was 1975.
a. when b. which c. that d. in the time
32. The teacher____ house is next to mine died this morning.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
33. He was loyal to____ trusted him.
a. whomever b. whom c. whoever d. what
34. The knife____ we cut bread is very sharp.
a. with that b. which c. with which d. that
35. Tonight I'll do the assignment____ gave us last week.
a. the teacher b. who the teacher c. whom the teacher d.
of the teacher
36. The lady____ son went on a picnic with us last weekend is a teacher at our school.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. that
37. He has just gone to his friend's house____ there is a party today.
a. where b. whom c. whose d. that
38. Take____ measures you consider best.
a. however b. whenever c. wherever d. whatever
39. ____difficulties you may encounter, I'm sure you'll succeed.
a. how b. whatever c. however d. how greater
40. He is the only friend ____ I like.
a. who b. that c. whom d. whose
41. What was the name of the girl____ phoned you lost night?
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
42. What was the name of the girl____ you phone last night?
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
43. The bed____ which I slept was too soft.
a. in b. on c. at d. for
44. I didn’t get the job____ which I applied.
a. in b. on c. at d. for
45. The man ____ whom she is married has been married twice before.
a. in b. on c. at d. to
46. The party____ which we went wasn't very enjoyable.
a. in b. on c. at d. to
47. Who was that girl____ whom you were yesterday?
a. with b. on c. at d. in
48. The fight____ which we wanted to travel was fully booked.
a. in b. on c. at d. for
49. I enjoy my job because I like the people____ whom I work.
a. in b. on c. at d. for
50. I wasn't interested in the things____ which they were talking.
a. in b. on c. at d. about
51. The house____ which I am living is not in very good condition
a. in b. on c. at d. for
52. My brother Jim, ____ lives in Houston, is a doctor.
a. that b. who c. whom d. which
53. Brad told me about his new job, ____ he's enjoying very much.
a. that b. who c. whom d. which
54. We stayed at the Grand Hotel, ____ Ann recommended to us.
a. who b. whom c. which d. that
55. My English teacher, ____ comes from Australia, loves computers.
a. who b. whom c. which d. that
56. She is the most beautiful girl____ ever lived.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. that
57. There were two small rooms in the beach house____ served as a kitchen.
a. the smaller of which b. the smallest of which
c. the smaller of them d. smallest of that
58. The decision was postponed, ____ was exactly what he wanted.
a. which b. that c. who d. whom
59. All the people____ have gone into the room are still young.
a. who b. whom c. whose d. that
60. The year____ he died was full of calamities.
a. on which b. which c. in which d. where
Combine These Pairs Of Sentences Using Relative Pronouns:
1. The first boy has just moved. He knows the truth.
 The first boy
2. I don’t remember the man. You said you met him at the canteen last week.
 I don’t remember the man
3. The only thing is how to go home. It make me worried.
 The only thing
4. The most beautiful girl lives city. I like her long hair very much.
 The most beautiful girl
5. He was Tom. I met him at the bar yesterday.
 The man
6. The children often go swimming on Sundays. They have much free time then.
 The children often
7. They are looking for the man and his dog. They have lost the way in the forest.
 They’re looking for the man
8. The tree has lovely flowers. The tree stands near the gate of my house.
 The tree
9. My wife wants you to come to dinner. You were speaking to my wife
 My wife
10. The last man has just returned from the farm. I want to talk to him at once.
 I want to talk to the last man
11. The students will be awarded the present. The students’ reports are very
valuable.
 The students
12. The book was a lovely story. I was reading it yesterday.
 The book
13. The botanist will never forget the day. He found a strange plant on that day.
 The botanist will never
14. Someone is phoning you. He looked for you three hours ago.
 The person
15. The man works for my father’s company. The man’s daughter is fond of
dancing.
 The man

REWRITE THE RELATIVE CLAUSES BY USING PHRASES

1. The man who’s talking to the policeman has just returned home from Paris.

2. The novel which was bought by my sister is very interesting.

3. The students who make noise in class will be punished.

4. Passengers who travelled on this bus bought their tickets in books.

5. Do you see the notice which warns people not to enter the military zone?

6. The stairs which lead to the cellar are rather slippery.

7. We had a river in which we could swim.

8. You are the last person who saw her alive.

9. The pilot was the only one who survived the air crash.

10. He was the second man who was killed in this way.

11. Neil Armstrong was the first man who walked on the moon.

12. Here are some accounts that you must check.

13. I’ve got a bottle of wine but I haven’t got anything that I could open it with.

14. I have some letters that I must write.

15. He simply loves parties. He is always the first who comes and the last who goes.