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Disaster Management Overview and Guidelines

The document discusses the differential impact of disasters on various demographics, highlighting factors such as caste, class, gender, age, and location that influence vulnerability. It outlines the physical, economic, social, psychological, environmental, and political effects of natural disasters, along with specific do's and don'ts for various types of disasters like floods, cyclones, earthquakes, fires, droughts, and tsunamis. Additionally, it provides examples of different disasters, including earthquakes, landslides, floods, droughts, and fires, detailing their causes and effects.

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8 views3 pages

Disaster Management Overview and Guidelines

The document discusses the differential impact of disasters on various demographics, highlighting factors such as caste, class, gender, age, and location that influence vulnerability. It outlines the physical, economic, social, psychological, environmental, and political effects of natural disasters, along with specific do's and don'ts for various types of disasters like floods, cyclones, earthquakes, fires, droughts, and tsunamis. Additionally, it provides examples of different disasters, including earthquakes, landslides, floods, droughts, and fires, detailing their causes and effects.

Uploaded by

Sanjeev Plus
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Disaster Management Notes

1. Differential Impact of Disasters:

Disasters do not affect all individuals and communities uniformly. Vulnerability and capacity to cope with dis

- Caste: Marginalized castes like Dalits often live in disaster-prone, low-lying, or unsafe areas. Relief measu

- Class: Poor people live in fragile homes without savings or insurance. Wealthier groups recover faster.

- Gender: Women face limited mobility, lack access to information, and increased risks of violence post-dis

- Age: Children and the elderly are more vulnerable due to physical limitations and dependency.

- Location: Urban slums, coastal villages, floodplains, and remote areas have higher disaster exposure.

2. Effect of Natural Disasters:

Natural disasters cause:

- Physical effects: Loss of life, destruction of infrastructure.

- Economic effects: Loss of livelihood, industrial and agricultural damage.

- Social effects: Displacement, increased poverty.

- Psychological effects: Trauma, fear, PTSD.

- Environmental effects: Habitat destruction, pollution.

- Political effects: Pressure on governance, policy reforms.

3. Do's and Don'ts During Disasters:

Floods:

- Do: Move to higher ground, boil water, follow warnings.


- Don't: Walk in floodwater, touch electric wires.

Cyclones:

- Do: Stay indoors, store essentials.

- Don't: Go outside during cyclone, spread rumours.

Earthquakes:

- Do: Take cover under furniture.

- Don't: Use elevators, stand near windows.

Fires:

- Do: Raise alarm, use wet cloth, crawl under smoke.

- Don't: Use lifts, open hot doors.

Drought:

- Do: Conserve water, promote rainwater harvesting.

- Don't: Waste water, overuse groundwater.

Tsunami:

- Do: Move to higher ground after tremors.

- Don't: Go near shore to watch waves.

4. Types of Disasters:

- Earthquake: Sudden ground shaking due to tectonic movements.

Causes: Plate movements, volcanic activity.

Effects: Building collapse, casualties.


Example: 2015 Nepal earthquake.

- Landslides: Downward movement of soil and rocks.

Causes: Rainfall, earthquakes, deforestation.

Effects: Road blockages, deaths.

Example: 2018 Kerala landslides.

- Floods: Overflow of water submerging dry land.

Causes: Rainfall, dam breaks, cyclones.

Effects: Displacement, disease.

Example: 2018 Kerala floods.

- Drought: Prolonged lack of rainfall causing water shortage.

Causes: Rainfall deficit, overuse of groundwater.

Effects: Crop failure, migration.

Example: 2016 Maharashtra drought.

- Fire: Uncontrolled burning in forests or urban areas.

Causes: Lightning, negligence.

Effects: Habitat loss, pollution.

Example: 2019 Amazon forest fires.

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