Date : 12-07-2025 STD 9 Maths Total Marks : 19
Practice Questions Polynomials
section C
* Answer the following questions. [3 Marks Each] [9]
1. If a + b + c = 9 and ab + bc + ca = 26, find a2 + b2 + c2.
Ans. : We have that (a + b + c)2 = a2 + b2 + c2 + 2ab + bc + 2ca
⇒ (a + b + c)2 = (a2 + b2 + c2) + 2(ab + bc + ca)
⇒ 92 = (a2 + b2 + c2) + 2(26)
[Putting the value of a + b + c and ab + bc + ca]
⇒ 81 = (a2 + b2 + c2) + 52
⇒ (a2 + b2 + c2) = 81 - 52 = 29
2. Factorise:
2x3 - 3x2 - 17x + 30
Ans. : Let p(x) = 2x3 - 3x2 - 17x + 30
Constant term of p(x) = 30
∴ Factors of 30 are ±1, ±2, ±3, ±5, ±6, ±10, ±15, ±30
By trial, we find that p(2) = 0, so (x - 2) is a factor of p(x).
[∴ 2(2)3 - 3(2)2 - 17(2) + 30 = 16 - 12 - 34 + 30 = 0]
Now, we see that 2x3 - 3x2 - 17x + 30
= 2x3 - 4x2 + x2 - 2x - 15x + 30
= 2x2(x - 2) + x(x - 2) - 15(x - 2)
=(x - 2)(2x2 + x - 15) [taking(x - 2) common factor]
Now, (2x2 + x - 15) can be factorised either by spliting the middle term or by using
the factor theorem.
Now, (2x2 + x - 15) = 2x2 + 6x - 5x - 15
= 2x(x + 3) -5(x + 3) [by spliting the middle term]
= (x + 3)(2x - 5)
∴ 2x3 - 3x2 - 17x + 30 = (x - 2)(x + 3)(2x - 5)
3. Factorise:
x3 + x2 - 4x - 4
Ans. : Let p(x) = x3 + x2 - 4x - 4
Constant term of p(x) = -4
∴ Factors of -4 are ±1, ±2, ±4
Page 1
By trial, we find that p(-1) = 0, so (x + 1) is a factor of p(x).
Now, we see that x3 + x2 - 4x - 4
= x2(x + 1) - 4(x + 1)
= (x + 1)(x2 - 4) [taking (x + 1) common factor]
Now, x2 - 4 = x2 - 22
= (x + 2)(x - 2) [Using identity, a2 - b2 =(a - b)(a + b)]
∴ x3 + x2 - 4x - 4 = (x + 1)(x - 2)(x + 2)
section D
* Answer the following questions. [5 Marks Each] [10]
4.
If both (x - 2) and (x −
1
2
) are factors of px2 + 5x + r, prove that p = r.
Ans. : Let f(x) = px2 + 5x + r
Now, (x - 2) is a factor of f(x).
⇒ f(2) = 0
⇒ p(2)2 + 5(2) + r = 0
⇒ 4p + 10 + r = 0
⇒ 4p + r = -10 ...(i)
Also, (x − 1
2
) is a factor of f(x).
1
⇒ f( ) = 0
2
1 1
⇒ p( ) +5× +r = 0
2 2
p 5
⇒ + +r = 0
4 2
p+10+4r
⇒ = 0
4
⇒ p + 4r + 10 = 0
⇒ p + 4r = −10 . . . (ii)
From (i) and (ii), we have
4p + r = p + 4r
⇒ 4p - p = 4r - r
⇒ 3p = 3r
⇒p=r
5. If p(x) = x3 + x2 - 9x - 9, find p(0), p(3), p(-3) and p(-1). What do you conclude
about the zeros of p(x)? Is 0 a zero of p(x)?
Ans. : p(x) = x3 + x2 - 9x - 9 ...(1)
Putting x = 0 in (1), we get
p(0) = 03 + 02 - 9 × 0 - 9
Page 2
= −9 ≠ 0
Thus, x = 0 is not a zero of p(x).
Putting x = 3 in (1), we get
p(3) = 33 + 32 - 9 × 3 - 9
= 27 + 9 - 27 - 9 = 0
Thus, x = 3 is a zero of p(x).
Putting x = -3 in (1), we get
p(-3) = (-3)3 + (-3)2 - 9 × (-3) - 9
= -27 + 9 + 27 - 9 = 0
Thus, x = -3 is a zero of p(x).
Putting x = -1 in (1), we get
p(-1) = (-1)3 + (-1)2 - 9 × (-1) - 9
= -1 + 1 + 9 - 9 = 0
Thus, x = -1 is a zero of p(x).
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