Building Documentation and Estimation Guide
Building Documentation and Estimation Guide
DOCUMENTING A BUILDING
Group Exercise
• Make a few sketches of the building by moving around in and out of the building
• Make gauged plans sections, elevations, wall sections and details for the given building
using the grid on graph paper and tracing paper.
• Come back to the studio and hand draft the plans sections, elevations, wall sections and
details on tracing paper.
Overall learning
Outcome
✓Develop precision in on-site measurements using appropriate tools
✓Understand how to record dimensions, levels, and architectural details systematically.
✓Enhance proficiency in manual drafting techniques
✓Learn to draft detailed sectional drawings that accurately represent building elements and materials.
✓Gain in-depth knowledge of structural and architectural elements
✓Learn to handle real-world challenges such as inaccessible areas, measurement errors, or missing data.
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QUANTITY ESTIMATION
Individual Exercise
Problem Statement:
Calculate the quantity of material of the building.
Overall learning
Outcome
✓Gain knowledge of IS 1200 (Methods of Measurement of Building and Civil Engineering Works)
for systematic material estimation.
✓Learn standard units of measurement for various construction materials as per IS 1200
✓Use manual methods (long wall-short wall, centerline method, etc.) for estimation
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BRICK ( IS 1200 PART III)
Measurement sheet
D/ H Total
Sr. no ITEM Description Nos Unit L (m) H(m) Qty. Remarks
(m) Qty.
A Brickwork (230mm)
Providing and laying Brickwork using common
Burnt clay building bricks having crushing strength
not less then 35kg/sq.m in superstructure above
plinth level upto floor 2 level in cement mortar 1:6
(1 cement , 6 fine sand)
Between C1 to C2, C2 to C3, C4 To C5, C5 to C6,
C26 To C27, C27 to C28, C24 to C25, C23 to C24, 12 m3 2.85 0.23 2.6 20.45 6.08
C17 To C18, C18, to C19, C8 To C9, C9 To C10
Area L = Area of
Window 1 12 m3 6.08 0.23 16.78 3.67 rectangular part
+ area of Arc
Between C7 to C12 , C21 to C22, C22 to C28 3 m3 2.85 0.23 2.6 5.11
Between C6 to C7 1 m3 2.85 0.23 2.6 1.70 0.72 0.99
Opening 1 m3 1.65 0.23 2.6 0.99
Between C3 to C4 , C10 to C11, C19 to C20 , GC1
6 m3 3.3 0.23 2.6 11.84
TO GC3, GC5 TO GC6, C25 TO C26
Between C 17 TO C23, C1 TO C8 2 m3 5.7 0.23 2.6 6.82 3.68368 3.13
Door 1 2 m3 2.62 0.23 2.6 3.13
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 1.28 0.23 2.85 0.84
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 1.42 0.23 2.85 0.93
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 2.92 0.23 2.85 1.91
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 3.61 0.23 2.85 2.37
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 0.49 0.23 2.85 0.32
Partition in kitchen area 1 m3 1.2 0.23 2.85 0.79
Between c12 and GC1 1 M3 2.3 0.23 2.85 1.51
Exterior wall 1 m3 3.3 0.23 1.35 1.02
Exterior wall 1 m3 0.86 0.23 1.35 0.27
Exterior wall 1 m3 2.54 0.23 1.35 0.79
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Total
First floor Nos Unit L (m) D/ H (m) H(m) Qty.
Qty.
Remarks
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INDIVIDUAL PROJECT
Individual Exercise
Problem Statement:
Design a building with built up area 80 sqm with the assigned material.
Overall learning
Outcome
✓Spatial Planning within Constraints
✓Execution Realities
✓Understanding the Potential of Precast Concrete
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Assigned material – Precast
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Specification
1. PRECAST
3. Moulds
1. Referred codes
Moulds for precast elements shall be of steel and concrete. For design of the moulds for various
• IS 15916 : 2010 - BUILDING DESIGN AND ERECTION USING PREFABRICATED CONCRETE — elements, special importance should be given to easy de-moulding and assembly of the various parts.
CODE OF PRACTICE At the same time rigidity and strength and water tightness of the mould are also important taking into
consideration forces due to pouring of concrete and vibration.
• PCI – Manual – 135
2. Scope [Link] required
This section covers the general requirements for the design, manufacture, handling, transportation,
and installation of precast concrete components used in the project. Precast construction
Machinery for Production of Wall, Beam & Column
technology includes the casting of concrete in a reusable mold or "form," which is then cured
• Tilting Table for Wall Panels
in a controlled environment, transported to the construction site, and erected in place. • Magnetic Sides & Shutterings
Precast Construction Technology includes a variety of precast elements, including walls, • Beam Mould – Flexible sizing for width, thickness & length
beams, slabs, columns, staircases, landings, and certain specialized elements that are • Column Moulds – Flexible sizing for width, thickness, length and corbels.
standardized and made to ensure the building's stability, durability, and structural integrity.
Design, strategic yard planning, precast element lifting, handling, and transportation are all
Machinery for Concrete Distribution
part of the construction of precast buildings.
• flying buckets & rails
• Discharge chutes
Types of precast elements – • Distribution buckets
Precast reinforced concrete elements and Precast pre-stressed concrete elements.
• EOT cranes (Electrical Overhead Travelling cranes)
Sr. No Precast Components
1 Wall Panels Transportation and lifting Machinery
2 Solid Slabs • Element Lifting- Lifting beam with hydraulic clamps.
3 Beams • Lifting beam Mechanical clamps.
4 Staircase Modules • EOT Crane –
5 Columns ( three types) • Pick & Carry Mobile Crane F160 - ACE Make
6 Footing • Backhoe Loader Digimax II - ESCORTS Make
• Nylon Lifting Belts Various Capacities
• Chain & Pulley Blocks
• Chain Slings etc.
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Raw materials
Raw Material M30 (kg/m³) M40 (kg/m³) M45 (kg/m³) 2.2 Large panel fabrication, ± 2 mm upto 300 mm wide
OPC 53 Grade 400 420 440 floor/roof slabs ± 3 mm for > 300 mm wide
Cement
2.3 Columns ± 4 mm
Fine Aggregate 660 620 600
(Sand) 3 Straightness/bow
Coarse Aggregate 1175 1180 1190 4 Squareness – While considering the squareness of the corner, the longer of two adjacent
Total sides being checked shall be taken as the base line
- 20 mm downsize 705 708 714
(60%) 4.2 Large panel The shorter side shall not be out of square line for more than + 2
- 10 mm downsize 470 472 476 fabrication mm to -5 mm
(40%)
Water 160 168 170 5 Flatness – The max. deviation from 1.5 m straight edge placed in any position on a nominal
plain surface shall not exceed:
Raw Material Specification
/Component 5.1 Large panel ± 3 mm
fabrication
Cement – 53 grade OPC 53 as per IS
OPC 12269:1987
Casting Concrete
Sand (River) IS 383:1970 & IS 2386:1963
The procedure for casting concrete shall be as follows:
Coarse Aggregate IS 383:1970, IS 2386:1963 i. Precast concrete elements shall be produced on horizontal, flat steel surfaced tilting tables.
ii. Side shutter are fixed in position.
Reinforcement steel IS 1786:2008
iii. Apply mould release agents to sides and bottom.
Anchors ASTM A 307 Gr A/IS1363(P- iv. Steel reinforcement shall be kept in position using adequate spacers to ensure correct
1& P-3) :2002
position and concrete cover.
Anchor bolt IS 1363:2002 v. Prior to casting, electrical conduits, plumbing grooves and sleeves, and other required
accessories like lifting anchors, loop boxes and dowel tubes shall be fixed in position.
Casting Tolerances of Precast Elements vi. The high-quality concrete shall be transported from batching plant to the precast bay moulds,
through concrete distribution system of flying bucket, discharge chutes, distribution bucket
[Link]. Elements Recommended tolerance and EOT cranes.
1. Length vii. During casting, table vibrators (as & when required) shall be used to achieve the best
1.1 Slab, ± 5 mm or 0.1% whichever is greater compaction. Top surface shall be finished with hand operated trowel which gives smooth
wall panel & beam finish.
1.2 Large panel ± 0.1% subject to max. of + 5 mm to
fabrication – 10 mm viii. Care should be taken on embedded items while concreting.
1.3 Columns ± 10 mm ix. After casting, all exposed surfaces shall be covered with a tarpaulin (as and when required) to
2. Thickness/ cross-sectional dimensions avoid vaporization. Casted elements shall be de-moulded once the strength meets the design
2.1 Slab, wall panel & ± 3 mm or 0.1% whichever is greater requirements and the units are then shifted to the stockyard. Thereafter, curing shall be
beam
carried out for minimum 5 days.
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Curing
The curing of the prefabricated elements may be done by the normal methods of Transportation of Elements
curing by sprinkling water and keeping the elements moist.
The process of transportation of precast elements from yard to site shall be as follows :
Loading of Precast elements over trailer.
De moulding and stacking
1. It must be ensured that the identification mark on the slabs, Beams , columns should
Lifting of elements from mould
be the same as per dispatch list.
• It must be ensured that all the elements should have identification mark.
2. Any damage occurred during loading should be informed to the concerned authority.
• It must be ensured that all side shutters are loosened so that the elements 3. The lifting clamps/clutches shall be fixed to the lifting beam at proper position
may be lifted without any damages. 4. The lifting beam shall be placed over the precast elements and ensured that the
• Before demoulding, it must be ensured that compressive strength of the cubes clutches are locked properly before lifting.
should meet the specified requirements. 5. Instruction regarding loading height, positioning of precast elements over the trailer
• The lifting clamps/clutches shall be fixed to lifting beam at proper positions. should be followed as per capacity of trailer.
• Then the elements shall be lifted carefully to the stocking area. 6. The wooden rubber shall be placed in between the elements at 500 mm from each
end.
7. The elements shall not be overhanging from trailer.
Stacking of elements
8. Every element shall be tied firmly to the trailer by means of belt/rope as moving the
i) The surface of stacking area should be horizontal.
load without proper tie will cause damage.
ii) The wooden runner shall be placed perpendicular to lifting points and the elements placed over
9. While transporting elements vertically, the vehicle should be loaded equally on both
runner.
sides.
iii) Number of the elements per lot should not exceed man height.
General requirements
iv) In case of vertical stacking, the gap between the elements should be 150 mm to 200 mm.
1. Every element shall be inspected for dimensions / identification mark and damages etc. prior
v) Stacking shall be done in such a way that slabs of longer span should be placed below that of
to unloading at site.
shorter span.
2. The stacking area should be levelled and hard enough for stacking the elements.
3. There should be proper access for trailer movement.
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Erection
(As per PCI Manual-135)
S. Item Recommended tolerance 1. Temporary propping jacks shall be provided for restraining the walls laterally until grouting.
No. 2. After completion of fixing, alignment of the elements shall be checked again.
1. Variation in plan location ± 13 mm for columns
3. Minor damages, if any to the precast elements shall be repaired by approved materials.
(column/beam/any location) ± 25 mm for beams
4. After completion of installation and alignment, elements shall be handed over for inspection.
2. Variation in plan parallel to specified + 0.625 mm per 305 mm (1 ft) for any beam
building lines less than 6.10 m (20 ft) long or adjacent to 5. The joints between the precast wall panels shall be filled with joint filler material.
columns spaced less than 6.10 m
(20 ft) apart. 13 mm max. for adjacent
columns spaced 6.10 m (20 ft) or more apart.
1.1.1 Inspections & testing
3. Difference in relative position of ± 13 mm Inspections & testing shall be done at appropriate stages of manufacturing process of all the
adjacent columns components. The inspected frames and panels shall be stored & packed to ensure that no damage
from specified
occurs during transportation
relative position (at any check level)
4. Jog in alignment of matching edges 13 mm
The process of erection and installation of panels during the construction cycle by using tower
cranes shall be as follows: -
1. Before starting erection a survey of the area to receive precast elements shall be done to
monitor any difference in dimensions or levels exceeding the tolerances. In case of
unacceptable tolerances, necessary action shall be taken for rectification.
2. Installation shall be done by tower crane with sufficient capacity. All elements shall be
shifted from the stack rack/truck from yard to the nearest point of construction site and
shall be kept above the truck during the construction or inside the storage racks as per the
site situation.
3. The necessary access for the truck to reach the nearest point of the tower shall be
prepared before starting erection of the panels.
4. Once the truck reaches the tower, chain and lifting clutch with required capacity and guide
rope shall be attached to the precast panels to allow the workers to control the load to its
final place.
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Quantity Takeoff
C C. PRECAST
C1 Footing 51.24
Providing and erecting of factory-produced precast
reinforced concrete footing, conforming to
structural drawings. Includes embedded inserts for
C1.1 connections, lifting hooks, and recesses. Concrete m³ 19.00 1.1 0.9 0.35 6.58
grade: M45.
C2 Columns
Providing and erecting of factory-produced precast
reinforced concrete column type A, conforming to
structural drawings. Includes reinforcement,
embedded inserts for connections with wall pannels Area = 0.3X0.15+2(0.3x0.15) =
C2.1 and Column B, lifting hooks, and recesses. Concrete m³ 19.00 _ _ 1.2 2.05
0.09
grade: M40 . Curing under controlled conditions.
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Providing and erecting of factory-produced precast
RCC Wall pannel of 150 mm thickness conforming
to structural drawings. Includes embedded dowels
and inserts for connection . Concrete grade: M40.
C3.2 Curing under controlled conditions. m³ _ _
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C5 Slab
C6 Beams m³ 8.64
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Providing and erecting of factory-produced precast
reinforced curved concrete beam concrete
conforming to structural drawings. Includes
C 6.2 m³ 19.00 _ _ 0.15 5.13 Cross section area = 1.8
embedded inserts for connections with Coumn Type
B and the angle section above. Concrete grade:
M30. Curing under controlled conditions.
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Rate analysis
PRECAST
Rate Analysis
3 M 30
Providing and erecting of factory-produced
precast reinforced slab, stairs, and beam
modules conforming to structural drawings.
3.1 Includes embedded inserts for lifting. m3 19.73
Concrete grade: M30. Curing under
controlled conditions.
For 1 M3
A Material for concrete
Cement kg 2 300 600
Flysh Kg 1.05 82 86.1
Admixture kg 47 3.21 150.87
Fine aggregate kg 0.65 798 518.7
10mm kg 0.7 493 345.1
20mm kg 0.8 649 519.2
₹ 2,219.97
B Labour for concrete work m3 ₹ 2,400.00 1 2400Market rates
C Labour for mould / Formwork m3 ₹ 2,800.00 1 2800Market rates
D Fabricated mould m3 ₹ 1,000.00 1 1000Market rates
E Precast accessories m3 ₹ 700.00 1 700Market rates
1300 per metric tonne ,
metric
F Transportation ₹ 1,300.00 2.5 3250 Assuming density of
tonne
concrete 2500 kg/m3
796.60 per metric tonne ,
metric
G Erection ₹ 796.60 2.5 1991.5 Assuming density of
tonne concrete 2500 kg/m3
(A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I) ₹ 18,791.47
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PRECAST
Rate Analysis
3 M45
For 1 M3
A Material
Cement kg 2 375 750
Flysh Kg 1.05 125 131.25
Admixture kg 47 4 188
Fine aggregate kg 0.65 718 466.7
10mm kg 0.7 373 261.1
20mm kg 0.8 724 579.2
Total A ₹ 2,376.25
B Labour for concrete work m3 ₹ 2,400.00 1 2400Market rates
C Labour for mould / Formwork m3 ₹ 2,800.00 1 2800Market rates
D Fabricated mould m3 ₹ 1,000.00 1 1000Market rates
E Precast accessories m3 ₹ 700.00 1 700Market rates
1300 per metric tonne ,
metric
F Transportation ₹ 1,300.00 2.5 3250 Assuming density of
tonne
concrete 2500 kg/m3
796.60 per metric tonne ,
metric
G Erection ₹ 796.60 2.5 1991.5 Assuming density of
tonne concrete 2500 kg/m3
(A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I) ₹ 18,947.75
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PRECAST
Rate Analysis
3 M40
For 1 M3
A Material
Cement kg 2 370 740
Flysh Kg 1.05 370 388.5
Admixture kg 47 1.62 76.14
Fine aggregate kg 0.65 441 286.65
10mm kg 0.7 671 469.7
20mm kg 0.8 900 720
Total A ₹ 2,680.99
B Labour for concrete work m3 ₹ 2,400.00 1 2400 Market rates
C Labour for mould / Formwork m3 ₹ 2,800.00 1 2800 Market rates
D Fabricated mould m3 ₹ 1,000.00 1 1000 Market rates
E Precast accessories m3 ₹ 700.00 1 700 Market rates
1300 per metric tonne ,
metric
F Transportation ₹ 1,300.00 2.5 3250 Assuming density of
tonne
concrete 2500 kg/m3
796.60 per metric tonne ,
metric
G Erection ₹ 796.60 2.5 1991.5 Assuming density of
tonne
concrete 2500 kg/m3
H Grouting m3 ₹ 4,130.00 1 4130 Market rates
I Site consumable m3 ₹ 300.00 1 300 Market rates
(A+B+C+D+E+F+G+H+I) ₹ 19,252.49
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EXCAVATION EXCAVATION
83 83
647 ₹ 900.00 1075
4498
₹ 3,250.00
3250
86 86
PCC Concrete
₹ ₹ 812.33
86 104.15
86 ₹ 104.15
672.91
₹ 1,014.00
1014 ₹ 4,193.25
3299.55
M aterial Labour
TEP Cost Water & Electricity
M aterial Labour
Profit And over head Cost
TEP Cost Water & Electricity
Profit And over head Cost
2376.25
4130
2400
796
1300
2800
700
1000
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Thank you.
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