SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Is the development that meet the needs of the present without
compromising the needs of the future generation
IMPORTANCE OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Conserve natural resources
Promotes long term economic growth without finishing
resources
Reduce poverty, by promoting equal opportunities
Encourages responsible use of resources, minimizing
waste
Ensures future generation inherit a liveable planet with
sufficient resources
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
End poverty in all its forms everywhere
‘[End hunger and promote sustainable agriculture
Ensure health lives for all
Provide inclusive and equitable education
Ensure access tom water and sanitation for all
Protect ecosystems, forests and biodiversity
WAYS 0F ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Environmental protection-it considers urban, rural and
industrial development, reducing pollution and preserving
ecosystems
Combats climate change-reducing emissions and
promoting renewable energy
Promotes eco-friendly agriculture-, farming practices that
boost food security such as use of solar in the farms
Preserves natural resources, protecting forests, water,
wildlife and animals for future generations
Renewable energy technologies, like solar, wind, to cut
green house gas emissions
Use green technology, like use clean energy such as
electric vehicles, cycling and waste recycling to avoid
pollution
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSEMENT (EIA)
A process used to identify and evaluate the potential
environmental impacts of a proposed project or development
IMPORTANCE OF EIA
Protect the environment- helps identify possible
environmental impacts and prevent them
Informed decision making- have an understanding of the
potential effects of a project
Public consultation/ participation-involves public to
contribute in decision making
Risk reduction- identify risks and prevents them to reduce
disasters
DISADVANTAGES OF EIA
Time consuming- process can be lengthy
Expensive- requires more money
Delays projects as it takes time to complete
Requires special skills- its a complex process
Lack of follow up- may not ensure effective
implementation of mitigation measures
ECONOMIC CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVING
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN BOTSWANA
Limited economic diversification- Botswana’s economy
is heavily reliant on diamond mining, making it vulnerable
to fluctuations in global demand and prices.
Slow economic growth-the country’s economic growth
rate has been below expectations, indicating a need for
more robust economic strategies
Livestock farming- these farming contributes to
Botswana economy, it also poses challenges of soil
degradation, water pollution and green house gas
emissions.
Environmental degradation- the natural resources
including wildlife and ecosystems are under threat from
human activities such as overgrazing and deforestation
which can have long term economic implications
Corruption- maladministration of government money
hampers investment and aid elite capture
High unemployment- it remains high and rising among
the youth
SOCIAL CHALLENGES ASSOCIATED WITH ACHIEVING
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN BOTSWANA
Poverty -cities/ towns such as Gaborone have seen
development, rural areas often lack services and
infrastructure.
Unemployment- many young people face limited job
opportunities outside urban areas
Education-the quality of education in rural areas remains
a challenge.
Health challenges- HIV/Aids puts a major burden on
health systems and affects productivity of the workforce
Gender inequality- women in rural areas often have
limited access to land, education and economic
opportunities
Urbanisation- rapid urbanisation has led to the growth of
informal settlements without proper sanitation, waste
disposal or clean water
STRATEGIES TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABLE DEVELPOMENT
IN BOTSWANA
Use green energy, solar, wind- these encourages reduced
dependency on fossils which pollute the environment
Antipoaching-it promotes conservation of wildlife both
animals and vegetation to support ecosystems
CBNRM- (Community Based Natural Resource Management) -
community involvement gives them the power to take part in
conservation activities
Education/ training- initiatives such as rural education and
training aims to upskill farmers and rural workers
Forage fodder farms/ growing livestock feed- farmers
growing drought resistant forages (lucerne) with irrigation
throughout the year greatly improved livestock productivity.