Class 10 Science - Life Processes (Respiration to Transportation)
TRUE or FALSE:
1. Respiration takes place only in animals. – False
2. Xylem transports food in plants. – False
3. Arteries carry blood away from the heart. – True
4. Veins have valves to prevent backflow. – True
5. Oxygenated blood is carried by pulmonary vein. – True
6. Phloem transports food in both directions. – True
MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions):
1. Which of these is not a part of the human circulatory system?
a) Heart b) Blood c) Lungs d) Blood vessels
Answer: c) Lungs
2. In plants, water is transported by:
a) Phloem b) Xylem c) Both d) None
Answer: b) Xylem
3. Pulmonary artery carries:
a) Oxygenated blood b) Deoxygenated blood c) Both d) None
Answer: b) Deoxygenated blood
4. Which blood component helps in clotting?
a) RBC b) WBC c) Platelets d) Plasma
Answer: c) Platelets
5. Food is transported in plants through:
a) Xylem b) Phloem c) Chloroplast d) Stomata
Answer: b) Phloem
One Word Questions:
1. The fluid part of blood – Plasma
2. Blood vessel carrying blood from lungs to heart – Pulmonary vein
3. Tissue that transports water in plants – Xylem
4. The pigment in red blood cells – Hemoglobin
5. Vessels that prevent blood backflow – Veins
Differentiate Between:
Respiration and Breathing
Respiration Breathing
It is a biochemical process where It is a physical process of taking in
glucose is broken down to release oxygen and giving out carbon
energy. dioxide.
Happens at the cellular level Happens at the organ level
(cellular respiration). (lungs, nose, etc.).
Involves enzymes and chemical Does not involve enzymes, just
reactions. air movement.
Does not produce energy
Produces energy (ATP).
directly.
Occurs only in organisms with
Occurs in all living cells.
lungs or gills.
Only one type – mechanical air
Two types: aerobic and anaerobic.
exchange.
Xylem and Phloem
Xylem Phloem
Transports water and
Transports food (sugar)
minerals
Moves substances upward
Moves substances both directions
only
Made of mostly dead cells Made of living cells
Xylem Phloem
Provides mechanical
Does not provide mechanical support
support
Components: tracheids, Components: sieve tubes, companion
vessels cells
No sieve plates Has sieve plates
Found in woody tissues Found in soft tissues
Arteries and Veins
Feature Arteries Veins
Direction of Blood Carry blood away Carry blood towards the
Flow from the heart heart
Type of Blood Usually carry Usually carry
Carried oxygenated blood deoxygenated blood
Thin walls with less
Wall Thickness Thick and elastic walls
elasticity
Blood flows under high Blood flows under low
Blood Pressure
pressure pressure
Valves are present to
Valves No valves present
prevent backflow
Lumen (Inner
Narrow lumen Wide lumen
space)
Pulse Pulse can be felt Pulse cannot be felt
Answer the Following (Short Answers):
1. Why is transportation necessary in plants and animals?
To distribute nutrients, water, oxygen, and remove waste materials.
2. What is double circulation?
In humans, blood passes through the heart twice during one complete cycle – once to
lungs (pulmonary) and then to the body (systemic).
3. How is water transported in plants?
Through xylem, via root pressure and transpiration pull.
4. What is the role of hemoglobin?
Hemoglobin in RBCs carries oxygen from lungs to body tissues.
5. What are the components of blood?
Plasma, RBCs, WBCs, and platelets.
Long Answer Questions:
1. Explain the process of transportation in human beings.
Transportation in humans is carried out by the circulatory system which includes the
heart, blood, and blood vessels. The heart pumps oxygenated blood through arteries to
different body parts and deoxygenated blood returns via veins. Blood carries oxygen,
nutrients, and waste materials. The double circulation system ensures efficient transport
and separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood.
2. Describe the structure and function of the human heart.
The human heart is a muscular organ with four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. It
pumps blood through rhythmic contractions. The right side receives deoxygenated blood
and sends it to lungs. The left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it
throughout the body.
3. Explain the role of xylem and phloem in transportation in plants.
Xylem transports water and minerals from the roots to the leaves using transpiration pull
and root pressure. Phloem transports food made in leaves to other parts of the plant in both
directions through a process called translocation.