Year 7 Mathematics Worksheet

Chapter 9: Equations 1
1.

If x = 3, state whether each of these equations is true or f alse.

a) 5 + x = 7
b) x + 1 = 4
c) 13 − x = 10 + x
d) 6 = 2x

2.

If a = 10 and b = 7, state whether each equation is true or f alse.

a) a + b = 17
b) a × b = 3
c) a × (a − b) = 30
d) b × b = 59 − a
e) 3a = 5b − 5
f) b × (a − b) = 20

3.

Find two possible values of k that would make this equation true: k × (8 − k) = 12

4.

If the equation x + y = 6 is true, and x and y are both whole numbers between 1 and 5,

what values could they have?

5.

Categorise each equation as A (Always true), N (Never true), or S (Sometimes true):

a) x + 5 = 11
b) 12 − x = x
c) a = a
d) 5 + b = b + 5
e) a = a + 7
f) 5 + b = b − 5

6.

For each of the f ollowing, rearrange the symbols to make a true equation.

a) 6, 2, 3, ×, =
b) 1, 4, 5, −, =
c) 2, 2, 7, 10, −, ÷, =

7.

a) How many dif f erent equations can be produced using the symbols 2, 3, 5, +, = ?

b) How many of these equations are true?

8.

Solve the f ollowing equations by inspection.

a) 2p − 1 = 5
b) 3p + 2 = 14
 c) 4q − 4 = 8
d) 4v + 4 = 24

9.

Solve the f ollowing equations by inspection. (All solutions are whole numbers between 1 and 10.)

a) 4 × (x + 1) − 5 = 11
b) 7 + x = 2 × x
c) (3x + 1) ÷ 2 = 8
d) 10 − x = x + 2
e) x 2
= 4

f) x
2
= 100

10.

Taylah buys x kg of apples at $4.50 per kg. She spends a total of $13.50.

a) Write an equation involving x to describe this situation.

b) Solve the equation by inspection to f ind x.

11.

Yanni's current age is y years old. In 12 years' time he will be three times as old.

a) Write an equation involving y to describe this situation.

b) Solve the equation by inspection to f ind y.

12.

a) Solve the equation x + (x + 1) = 19 by inspection.

b)
The expression x + (x + 1) can be simplif ied to 2x + 1. Use this observation to solve x + (x + 1) = 181 by inspection.

13.

There are three consecutive whole numbers that add to 45.

a) Solve the equation x + (x + 1) + (x + 2) = 45 by inspection to f ind the three numbers.

14.

For each of the f ollowing equations f ind, by inspection, one pair of values f or x and y that make them true.

a) x + y = 8
b) x − y = 2
c) 3 = 2x + y
d) x × y = 6

15.

Show that these pairs of equations are equivalent by stating the operation used.

a) 4x + 2 = 10 and 4x = 8
b) 7 + 3b = 12 and 9 + 3b = 14

16.

For each of the f ollowing pairs of equations, show that they are equivalent by listing the two steps required to transf orm the f irst equation to the second.

a) x = 5 and 3x + 2 = 17
b) m = 2 and 10m − 3 = 17
c) 5(2 + x) = 15 and x = 1

17.
 Sometimes two equations that look quite dif f erent can be equivalent.

a) Show that 3x + 2 = 14 and 10x + 1 = 41 are equivalent.

b) Show that 5x − 3 = 32 and x + 2 = 9 are equivalent.
c) Show that (x ÷ 2) + 4 = 9 and (x + 8) ÷ 2 = 9 are equivalent.

18.

As stated in the rules f or equivalence, multiplying both sides by zero is not permitted.

a) Write the result of multiplying both sides of the f ollowing equations by zero.
b) Explain in a sentence why multiplying by zero does not give a usef ul equivalent equation.

19.

Substituting pronumerals can be thought of as f inding equivalent equations.

Show how you can start with the equation x = 3 and f ind an equivalent equation with:

a) 7x + 2 on the LHS
b) 8 + 2x on the LHS

20.

Classif y each of the f ollowing statements as true or f alse, justif ying your answer.

a) Every equation is equivalent to itself .

b) If equation 1 and equation 2 are equivalent, then equation 2 and equation 1 are equivalent.

c)
If equation 1 and equation 2 are equivalent, and equation 2 and equation 3 are equivalent, then equation 1 and equation 3 are equivalent.

21.

For each of the f ollowing equations:

i) Solve the equation systematically, showing your steps.

ii) Check your solution by substituting the value into the LHS and RHS.
a) 6f − 2 = 64
b) + 9 = 10
k

c) 5x − 4 = 41
d) 3(a − 8) = 3
e) 5k − 9 = 31
f) + 6 = 8
a

22.

Solve the f ollowing equations, giving your solutions as f ractions.

a) 4x + 5 = 8
b) 3 + 5k = 27
c) 22 = (3w + 7) × 2
d) 10 = 3 × (2 + x)

23.

Solve the f ollowing equations systematically. (Note: The solutions f or these equations are negative numbers.)

a) 4r + 30 = 2
b) 2x + 12 = 6
c) 10 + = 2t

d) −3x = 15

24.

Jenny buys 12 pencils and 5 pens f or the new school year. The pencils cost $1.00 each.

a) If pens cost $x each, write an expression f or the total cost, in dollars.

b) The total cost was $14.50. Write an equation to describe this.
 c) Solve the equation systematically, to f ind the total cost of each pen.
d) Check your solution by substituting your value of x into 12 + 5x.

25.

Write equations and solve them systematically to f ind the unknown value in each diagram.

a) Rectangle with width 3 and area = 15

b) Rectangle with width 4 and area = 12
c) Rectangle with width 10 and perimeter = 28
d) Square with perimeter = 28

26.

Solve the f ollowing equations systematically.

a) 7(3 + 5x) − 21 = 210

b) (100x + 13) ÷ 3 = 271
c) 3(12 + 2x) − 4 = 62

27.

a) Show that 2x + 5 = 13 and 5x = 20 are equivalent by f illing in the missing steps.

b) Show that 10 + 2x = 20 and 2(x − 3) = 4 are equivalent.

28.

Nicola has attempted to solve f our equations. Describe the error she has made in each case.

a) 4x + 2 = 36 → x + 2 = 9 → x = 7
b) 3x + 10 = 43 → 3x = 33 → x = 30
c) 2a + 5 = 11 → 2a = 16 → a = 8
d) 7 + 12a = 43 → 7 + a = 31 → a = 24

29.

Solve the f ollowing equations using the method f or pronumerals on both sides.

a) 5x + 2 = 3x + 10
b) 8x − 1 = 4x + 3
c) 5 + 12l = 20 + 7l

30.

Solve the f ollowing equations systematically. Check your solutions using substitution.

a) h

12
+ 2 = 15

b)
y
+ 1 = 5
11

c) 11
j
+ 1 = 8

d) b

2
− 1 = 2

e) u

9
−
1

7
= 12

f) t

9
+ 4 = 18

31.
 Solve the f ollowing equations systematically. (Note: The solutions to these equations are negative numbers.)

a) y

3
+ 4 = 1

b) 10
a
+ 2 = 1

c) 2x+10

5
= 6

d) x

4
+ 12 = 0

32.

Lee and Theo hired a tennis court f or a cost of $x, which they split evenly. Out of his own pocket, Lee also bought some tennis balls f or $5.

a) Write an expression f or the total amount of money that Lee paid.

b) Given that Lee paid $11 in total, write an equation and solve it to f ind the total cost of hiring the court.

c) State how much money Theo paid f or his share of hiring the tennis court.

33.

a) Explain, in one sentence, the dif f erence between the expressions 2x+3

5
and
2x

5
+ 3.

b) What is the f irst operation you would apply to both sides to solve the equation 2x+3

5
= 7?

c) What is the f irst operation you would apply to both sides to solve the equation 2x

5
+ 3 = 7?

34.

1
Dividing by 2 and multiplying by have the same ef f ect.
2

a) Show how each of these equations can be solved systematically.

i) x

2
= 5

ii) 1

2
× x = 5

b) Solve the two equations x

3
+ 4 = 10 and
1

3
(x + 4) = 10 systematically.

35.

Solve each of the f ollowing equations, giving your solutions as a f raction.

a) 2x+5

4
= 3

b) 3x−4

6
=
3

c) 7

4
+
2x

3
= 10

d) 1

2
=
x

3
−
1

36.

5x
Consider the equation − 3 = 6. The solution is x = 9.
7

Change one number or one operator in the equation so that the solution will be x = 12.

37.

Solve these equations by expanding the brackets f irst.

a) 6(3 + 2d) = 54
b) 8(7x − 7) = 56
c) 3(2x − 4) = 18
d) 27 = 3(3 + 6e)

38.

Solve the f ollowing equations by f irst expanding the brackets. You will need to simplif y the expanded expressions by collecting like terms.

a) 5(4s + 4) + 4s = 44
b) 5i + 5(2 + 2i) = 25
c) 3(4c − 5) + c = 50
d) 3(4 + 3v) − 4v = 52

39.
 Solve the f ollowing equations. (Note: The solutions to these equations are negative numbers.)

a) 3(u + 7) = 6
b) 2(k + 3) = 0
c) 6(p − 2) = −18
d) 16 = 8(q + 4)

40.

For each of the f ollowing problems:

i) Write an equation.
ii) Solve your equation by f irst expanding any brackets.
a) 5 is added to x and then this is doubled, giving a result of 14.
b) 3 is subtracted f rom q and the result is tripled, giving a f inal result of 30.

c) A number, x, is doubled and then 3 is added. This number is doubled again to get a result of 46.

41.

For each of the f ollowing equations, prove that there are no solutions.

a) 2(x + 5) − 2x = 7
b) 3(2x + 1) + 6(2 − x) = 4

42.

Consider the equation 2(3x + 4) − 6x + 1 = 9.

a) Show that this equation is true if x = 0.

b) Show that this equation is true if x = 3.

c) Explain why this equation is always true.

43.

For equations like 4(3x + 2) = 44, you have been expanding the brackets f irst.

Since 4(3x + 2) = 44 is the same as 4 × (3x + 2) = 44,

you can just start by dividing both sides by 4.

Without expanding brackets, solve the equations f rom Question 6 by dividing f irst.

44.

Solve each of the f ollowing equations.

a) 6(2j − 4) + 4(4j − 3) = 20
b) 3(4a + 5) + 5(1 + 3a) = 47
c) 2(3x + 4) + 5(6x + 7) + 8(9x + 10) = 123

45.

Consider the f ormula G = 7x + 2y. Find:

a) G if x = 3 and y = 3

b) x if y = 2 and G = 11

c) y if G = 31 and x = 3

46.

9C
To convert between temperatures in Celsius and Fahrenheit the rule is F = + 32.
5

a) Find F if C = 20.

b) Find the value of C if F = 50.

c) Find the temperature in Celsius if it is 53.6° Fahrenheit.

d) Marieko claims the temperature in her city varies between 68° Fahrenheit and 95° Fahrenheit.
What is the dif f erence, in Celsius, between these two temperatures?

47.
 Rearranging a f ormula involves f inding an equivalent equation that has a dif f erent variable on one side by itself .

a) Rearrange S = 5d + 3b to make a rule where d is by itself .

b) Rearrange the f ormula F = 9C

+ 32 to make C by itself .
5

c) Rearrange the f ormula Q = 3(x + 12) + x to make x by itself .

48.

A taxi company charges dif f erent amounts based on distance D (km) and time t (minutes).

Some sample costs are shown:

Distance: 10km, 20km; Time: 20min, 30min; Cost: $30, $50

a) Show that the rule C = D + t is consistent with the values above.

b) Show that the rule C = 3D is not consistent with the values above.

c) Show that the rule C = 2D + 10 is consistent with the values above.

d) Try to f ind at least two other f ormulas that the taxi company could be using.

49.

In Australian Rules Football (AFL), the score, S, is given by S = 6g + b,

where g is the number of goals scored and b is the number of 'behinds'.

a) Which team is winning if the Abbotsf ord Apes have scored 11 goals and 9 behinds,

and the Box Hill Baboons have scored 12 goals and 2 behinds?

b) The Camperdown Chimpanzees have scored 7 behinds and their current score is S = 55.

Solve an equation systematically to f ind how many goals the team has scored.

c) If q is the number of supergoals that a team kicks (worth 9 points),

write a new f ormula f or the team's score.

d) Find all the values of g and b that make the equation 6g + b = gb true.

50.

Jonas is paid $17 per hour and gets paid a bonus of $65 each week.

One particular week he earned $643.

a) Def ine a pronumeral f or the number of hours Jonas worked.

b) Write an equation to describe the problem.

c) Solve the equation systematically.
d) How many hours did Jonas work in that week?

51.

2
This rectangular paddock has an area of 720 m and is 24 m wide.

a) Write an equation to describe the problem, using l f or the paddock's length.

b) Solve the equation systematically.
c) How long is the paddock?
d) What is the paddock's perimeter?

52.

A number is doubled, then 3 is added and the result is doubled again.

This gives a f inal result of 34.

Set up and solve an equation to f ind the original number, showing all the steps clearly.
53.

Alexa watches some television on Monday, then twice as many hours on Tuesday,

then twice as many hours again on Wednesday.

1
If she watches a total of 10 hours f rom Monday to Wednesday,
2

how much television did Alexa watch on Monday?

54.

An isosceles triangle has two equal angles of x° each and a third angle of 154°.

Write an equation and solve it to f ind x°.

(Remember: The sum of angles in a triangle is 180°. )

55.

A rectangle has base b and height h.

The perimeter and area of the rectangle are equal.

Write an equation and solve it by inspection to f ind some possible values f or b and h.

56.

If photocopying costs 35 cents a page and p is the number of pages photocopied,

which of the f ollowing equations have possible solutions? Justif y your answers.

a) 0.35p = 4.20
b) 0.35p = 2.90
c) 0.35p = 2.80

57.

Assume that an isosceles triangle is drawn so that each of its three angles is a whole number of degrees.

Prove that the vertex angle a must be an even number of degrees.

58.

Recall that the sum of angles in a triangle is 180°.

a) David proposes a triangle with angles (x + 100)°, (x − 70)°, and 30°.

Find the value of x and explain what makes this triangle impossible.

b) Helena proposes a triangle with angles (60 − x)°, (70 + x)°, and 50°.

Explain why the inf ormation is not enough to f ind x, and what are the possible values that x could take?
 Reference Sheet

Addition property: If a = b, then a + c = b + c

Subtraction property: If a = b, then a − c = b − c

Multiplication property: If a = b, then a × c = b × c

a b
Division property: If a = b and c ≠ 0, then =
c c