DOBLE ENGINEERING PVT LTD, 305- SAKAR BUILDING, VADODARA. E-MAIL: kdave@[Link], infokamindave@yahoo.

com

Spreadsheet for Visualizing Currents and Voltages During a Pole Slip

Disclaimer
This spreadsheet presents basic calculations associated with electrical power. In developing this tools DOBLE ENGINEERING PVT LTD has attempted to develop
calculation methods, but DOBLE does not warrant that the tools is free from bugs, errors, or other program limitations.

Instructions
The spreadsheet calculates the system conditions as Vgen rotates 360 degrees, in 5 degree steps, in the simple system model below. The user inputs initial Sgen,
S_load, V_gen, and system impedances.
System conditions are calculated assuming the load is "constant impedance." This will be a good enough model as long as voltage does not drop too much.
Zgen and Vgen (internal voltage) is considered constant during the event. This may be approximately true for a relatively fast and constant slip rate, esp. where the
excitation system does not have time to respond.

S pcc S gen
Vpcc
Vsys Zsys Zgen Vgen
I gen
I sys
PCC (Relay I load
sees Isys)

DG Local Load

DOBLE ENGINEERING PVT LTD

208-BLUECHIP COMPLEX,SAYAJIGUNJ,
VADODARA
PH: (+91) (265) 552 54 55
FAX: (+91) (265) 552 54 56
E-MAIL ID: kdave@[Link]
E-MAIL ID: infokamindave@[Link]

1 07/27/2025 [Link]
 Enter Data in yellow fields only.

Basic System info:

System data: Generator Data, on its own base: Load Data
Isc, system, 3ph, A 30000 Generator rated MVA 100.0000 MVA 60.00000
Z system angle 80.000 Zgen @gen rated MVA 0.3000 PF 0.900
Zsystem, ohms 0.2656 Zgen angle 80.000
Gen pre-event MVA output 0.030
Gen pre-event PF output 0.900

We start by assuming that Vpcc = 1.0, and given the data above, calculate system currents and the voltages behind
the system and generator impedances.

Zsys, new base Zgen, new base

Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag
0.139457 80.000 0.0242 0.1373 0.3000 80.000 0.0521 0.2954

Sgen, pre-event, new base Igen,pre-event = (Sgen/Vpcc)* Vgen_drop = Igen x Zgen

MVA P.F. Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag

0.0003 0.9000 25.842 0.0003 0.0001 0.0003 -25.8419 0.0003 -0.0001 0.0001

Sload, pre-event, new base I_load,pre-event,pu = (Sload/Vrelay)* Z_load = Vpcc/I_load

Mag P.F. Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag
0.6000 0.9000 25.842 0.5400 0.2615 0.6000 -25.842 0.5400 -0.2615 1.667

Ssys, @pcc, pre-event, = Sload - Sgen Isys,pre-event = (Ssys/Vpcc)* Vsys_linedrop = Isys x Zsys
VA P.F. Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag
0.5997 0.9000 25.842 0.5397 0.2614 0.5997 -25.842 0.5397 -0.2614 0.0836

Degrees Vgen,internal pu
Advance Mag Angle Real Imag These calculation use a simple "constant
0.000 1.0001 0.0042 1.0001 0.0001 impedance" load model. This may be
5.000 1.0001 5.0042 0.9962 0.0872 close enough for the purpose of this
10.000 1.0001 10.0042 0.9848 0.1737 sheet, but is not highly accurate. Load
15.000 1.0001 15.0042 0.9660 0.2589 impedance changes with applied voltage,
20.000 1.0001 20.0042 0.9397 0.3421 particularly when motor loads are
25.000 1.0001 25.0042 0.9063 0.4227 present.
30.000 1.0001 30.0042 0.8660 0.5001
35.000 1.0001 35.0042 0.8192 0.5737
40.000 1.0001 40.0042 0.7660 0.6429
45.000 1.0001 45.0042 0.7071 0.7072
50.000 1.0001 50.0042 0.6428 0.7661
55.000 1.0001 55.0042 0.5735 0.8192
60.000 1.0001 60.0042 0.5000 0.8661
65.000 1.0001 65.0042 0.4226 0.9064
 70.000 1.0001 70.0042 0.3420 0.9398
75.000 1.0001 75.0042 0.2588 0.9660
80.000 1.0001 80.0042 0.1736 0.9849
85.000 1.0001 85.0042 0.0871 0.9963
90.000 1.0001 90.0042 -0.0001 1.0001
95.000 1.0001 95.0042 -0.0872 0.9962
100.000 1.0001 100.0042 -0.1737 0.9848
105.000 1.0001 105.0042 -0.2589 0.9660
110.000 1.0001 110.0042 -0.3421 0.9397
115.000 1.0001 115.0042 -0.4227 0.9063
120.000 1.0001 120.0042 -0.5001 0.8660
125.000 1.0001 125.0042 -0.5737 0.8192
130.000 1.0001 130.0042 -0.6429 0.7660
135.000 1.0001 135.0042 -0.7072 0.7071
140.000 1.0001 140.0042 -0.7661 0.6428
145.000 1.0001 145.0042 -0.8192 0.5735
150.000 1.0001 150.0042 -0.8661 0.5000
155.000 1.0001 155.0042 -0.9064 0.4226
160.000 1.0001 160.0042 -0.9398 0.3420
165.000 1.0001 165.0042 -0.9660 0.2588
170.000 1.0001 170.0042 -0.9849 0.1736
175.000 1.0001 175.0042 -0.9963 0.0871
180.000 1.0001 180.0042 -1.0001 -0.0001
185.000 1.0001 185.0042 -0.9962 -0.0872
190.000 1.0001 190.0042 -0.9848 -0.1737
195.000 1.0001 195.0042 -0.9660 -0.2589
200.000 1.0001 200.0042 -0.9397 -0.3421
205.000 1.0001 205.0042 -0.9063 -0.4227
210.000 1.0001 210.0042 -0.8660 -0.5001
215.000 1.0001 215.0042 -0.8192 -0.5737
220.000 1.0001 220.0042 -0.7660 -0.6429
225.000 1.0001 225.0042 -0.7071 -0.7072
230.000 1.0001 230.0042 -0.6428 -0.7661
235.000 1.0001 235.0042 -0.5735 -0.8192
240.000 1.0001 240.0042 -0.5000 -0.8661
245.000 1.0001 245.0042 -0.4226 -0.9064
250.000 1.0001 250.0042 -0.3420 -0.9398
255.000 1.0001 255.0042 -0.2588 -0.9660
260.000 1.0001 260.0042 -0.1736 -0.9849
265.000 1.0001 265.0042 -0.0871 -0.9963
270.000 1.0001 270.0042 0.0001 -1.0001
275.000 1.0001 275.0042 0.0872 -0.9962
280.000 1.0001 280.0042 0.1737 -0.9848
285.000 1.0001 285.0042 0.2589 -0.9660
290.000 1.0001 290.0042 0.3421 -0.9397
295.000 1.0001 295.0042 0.4227 -0.9063
300.000 1.0001 300.0042 0.5001 -0.8660
305.000 1.0001 305.0042 0.5737 -0.8192
310.000 1.0001 310.0042 0.6429 -0.7660
315.000 1.0001 315.0042 0.7072 -0.7071
320.000 1.0001 320.0042 0.7661 -0.6428
325.000 1.0001 325.0042 0.8192 -0.5735
330.000 1.0001 330.0042 0.8661 -0.5000
335.000 1.0001 335.0042 0.9064 -0.4226
340.000 1.0001 340.0042 0.9398 -0.3420
345.000 1.0001 345.0042 0.9660 -0.2588
350.000 1.0001 350.0042 0.9849 -0.1736
355.000 1.0001 355.0042 0.9963 -0.0871
360.000 1.0001 360.0042 1.0001 0.0001
 Convert system data to per unit impedances on a common base.
Vpcc, pre-event, new base System Base for Calcs: Convert data to new base:
Mag Angle Real Imag MVA 100.0000 Gen rated MVA
1.0000 0.000 1.0000 0.0000 kV, Line-Line 13.8000 Gen pre-event MVA
kV, Line-Gnd 7.9674 Load MVA
I-base 4183.698 Zgen
Z-base 1.9044 Zsys
Zgen/Zsys
The "system base for calcs" would be the full load MVA of the facility. This
d the voltages behind gives a feel for the relative sensitivity of the relaying at the PCC. For
instance, overcurrent relaying might be set to pick up at 2 times system FLC,
so an out of step condition needs to cause well more than 2 times base
current if it to be seen by the PCC overcurrent relaying.

Vgen_drop = Igen x Zgen Vgen,internal = Vpcc + Vgen_drop

Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag

54.158 0.0001 0.0001 1.0001 0.004 1.0001 0.0001

Z_load = Vpcc/I_load
Angle Real Imag
25.842 1.5000 0.7265

Vsys_linedrop = Isys x Zsys Vsys = Vpcc + Vsys_linedrop

Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag
54.158 0.0490 0.0678 1.0512 3.698 1.0490 0.0678

Graphs are given in terms of:

Degrees Advance of Vgen from Deg.
(see cells P20 and D32)
base.
ata to new base:
1.000
0.000
0.600
0.3000
0.13946
0.3173
VA of the facility. This
t the PCC. For
at 2 times system FLC,
than 2 times base
g.
3347
|V| - Volts @ PCC
2.00

1.00

0.00
 |V| - Volts @ PCC

1.20

1.00

0.80

0.60
|V|

0.40

0.20

0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.

V - Angle @ PCC

40.0
Degrees Vrelay vs Vrelay, initial

30.0

20.0

10.0

0.0

-10.0

-20.0

-30.0
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
 |Isys|, System Base |Igen|, Gen Base

5.00 5.00

`
0.00 0.00

|Isys|, System Base |Igen|, Gen Base

6.00 5.00
4.50
5.00 4.00
4.00 3.50
3.00
Amps

Amps

3.00 2.50
2.00
2.00 1.50
1.00 1.00
0.50
0.00 0.00
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0
. Deg.300.0 350.0 400.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0
Degrees Advance of Vgen from Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.300
Degrees, Isys vs Vpcc, initial

Degrees, Igen vs Vpcc, initial

Isys Angle Igen Angle

0.0 200.0
-20.0 150.0
-40.0 100.0
-60.0 50.0

-80.0 0.0
-50.0
-100.0
-100.0
-120.0
-150.0
-140.0
-200.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 3
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . D
 0.0 200.0
-20.0 150.0
-40.0 100.0
-60.0 50.0

-80.0 0.0
-50.0
-100.0
-100.0
-120.0
-150.0
-140.0
-200.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 3
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . D
 |Igen|, Gen Base |I_load|, System Base

5.00 1.00

0.50

`
0.00 0.00

|Igen|, Gen Base |I_load|, system base

0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40
Amps

0.30
0.20
0.10
0.00
.0 0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0
. Deg.300.0 350.0 400.0
grees100.0 150.0
Advance 200.0
of Vgen 250.0
from . Deg.300.0 350.0 400.0 Degrees Advance of Vgen from

Igen Angle

0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0

Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
g.300.0 350.0 400.0
|Ssys| @ PCC Ssys @ PCC, sys base
sys base

4.00 Mag 4.00

| Real |
3.00
| Imag |
2.00
2.00

1.00
0.00

VA
0.00

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 30
Degrees Advance of Vgen from

|Sgen| @ PCC Sgen @ PCC, gen base

gen base Mag
4.00
3.00
| Real |

| Imag |
2.00
2.00
1.00

0.00
VA

0.00

-1.00

-2.00

-3.00
0.0 50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300
Degrees Advance of Vgen from .
 Ssys @ PCC, sys base Mag
In these graphs, + P is power flowing
Real toward load, and +VARs is reactive VARS
Imag
toward load.

Sload, sys base Mag

Real
Imag
0.700

50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0 0.600

Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
0.500

0.400
Sgen @ PCC, gen base Mag
Real
VA

Imag
0.300

0.200

0.100

0.000
0.0 Degrees
50.0 100.0 150.0of200.0
Advance Vgen250.0
from .300.0
Deg. 350.0 400.0

50.0 100.0 150.0 200.0 250.0 300.0 350.0 400.0

Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
 Mag
Real
Imag

0 .300.0
m Deg. 350.0 400.0
DOBLE ENGINEERING PVT LTD, 305- SAKAR BUILDING, VADODARA. E-MAIL: kdave

Impedance Graphs
The graph titles refer to "Degrees Advance of Vgen from NNN degrees." NNN is the prefault angle of the generator
generator loss of synchronism condition. There is a point where the advance proceeds to complet the circle and ap
an anomolous high reading in the graph.

|Z| - Ohms @ PCC Relay |Z| - Ohms @ PCC Relay

4.00 2.00
1.80
1.60
2.00
1.40
1.20
1.00

|Z|
0.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 30
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . D

|Z| - Ohms @ gen, gen base |Z| - Ohms @ gen, gen base

4000.00 2.00
1.80
1.60
2000.00 1.40
1.20
1.00
|Z|

0.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 30
 1.20
1.00

|Z|
0.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0 50 100 150 200 250 30
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . D
ADODARA. E-MAIL: kdave@[Link], infokamindave@[Link]

s the prefault angle of the generator rotor and is the starting point for the
roceeds to complet the circle and apparent ohms rises to high levels and creates

|Z| - Ohms @ PCC Relay Z - Angle @ PCC Relay

160.0

140.0

120.0

100.0
Degrees, Z

80.0

60.0

40.0

20.0

0.0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg. Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.

|Z| - Ohms @ gen, gen base Z - Angle @ gen, gen base

200.0

150.0

100.0

50.0
Degrees, Z

0.0

-50.0

-100.0

-150.0

-200.0

-250.0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
 0.0

Degrees,
-50.0

-100.0

-150.0

-200.0

-250.0
50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400
Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg. Degrees Advance of Vgen from . Deg.
y Z - Ohms @ PCC Relay

3.00

2.50

2.00
Imaginary

1.50

1.00

0.50

0.00
0 300 350 400 -1.50 -1.00 -0.50 0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00
om . Deg. Real

se Z - Ohms @ gen, gen base

1600.00

1400.00

1200.00

1000.00
Imaginary

800.00

600.00

400.00

200.00

0.00

-200.00
0 300 350 400 -1000.00 0.00 1000.00 2000.00 3000.00 4000.00
 Imaginary
800.00

600.00

400.00

200.00

0.00

-200.00
0 300 350 400 -1000.00 0.00 1000.00 2000.00 3000.00 4000.00
m . Deg. Real
 Initial calcs from the Input Data sheet.
Zsys Zgen Zload
Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real
0.139 80.000 0.024 0.137 0.300 80.000 0.052 0.295 1.66667 25.841933 1.5

1/Zsys 1/Zgen 1/Zload

Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real
7.171 -80.000 1.245 -7.062 3.333 -80.000 0.579 -3.283 0.600 -25.842 0.540

Gen Vgen Vgen/Zgen Ik=[Vsys/Zsys + Vgen/Zgen]

Angle Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real
0.0 1.000 0.004 1.000 0.000 3.334 -79.996 0.579 -3.283 10.866 -77.435 2.364
5.0 1.000 5.004 0.996 0.087 3.334 -74.996 0.863 -3.220 10.870 -75.902 2.648
10.0 1.000 10.004 0.985 0.174 3.334 -69.996 1.140 -3.132 10.857 -74.369 2.925
15.0 1.000 15.004 0.966 0.259 3.334 -64.996 1.409 -3.021 10.826 -72.841 3.194
20.0 1.000 20.004 0.940 0.342 3.334 -59.996 1.667 -2.887 10.778 -71.320 3.452
25.0 1.000 25.004 0.906 0.423 3.334 -54.996 1.912 -2.731 10.712 -69.810 3.697
30.0 1.000 30.004 0.866 0.500 3.334 -49.996 2.143 -2.553 10.629 -68.313 3.928
35.0 1.000 35.004 0.819 0.574 3.334 -44.996 2.357 -2.357 10.529 -66.833 4.142
40.0 1.000 40.004 0.766 0.643 3.334 -39.996 2.554 -2.143 10.413 -65.375 4.339
45.0 1.000 45.004 0.707 0.707 3.334 -34.996 2.731 -1.912 10.280 -63.942 4.516
50.0 1.000 50.004 0.643 0.766 3.334 -29.996 2.887 -1.667 10.131 -62.539 4.672
55.0 1.000 55.004 0.574 0.819 3.334 -24.996 3.021 -1.409 9.967 -61.170 4.806
60.0 1.000 60.004 0.500 0.866 3.334 -19.996 3.133 -1.140 9.788 -59.841 4.917
65.0 1.000 65.004 0.423 0.906 3.334 -14.996 3.220 -0.863 9.595 -58.558 5.005
70.0 1.000 70.004 0.342 0.940 3.334 -9.996 3.283 -0.579 9.387 -57.326 5.068
75.0 1.000 75.004 0.259 0.966 3.334 -4.996 3.321 -0.290 9.167 -56.153 5.106
80.0 1.000 80.004 0.174 0.985 3.334 0.004 3.334 0.000 8.934 -55.048 5.118
85.0 1.000 85.004 0.087 0.996 3.334 5.004 3.321 0.291 8.690 -54.019 5.106
90.0 1.000 90.004 0.000 1.000 3.334 10.004 3.283 0.579 8.436 -53.077 5.068
95.0 1.000 95.004 -0.087 0.996 3.334 15.004 3.220 0.863 8.172 -52.235 5.005
100.0 1.000 100.004 -0.174 0.985 3.334 20.004 3.132 1.140 7.900 -51.504 4.917
105.0 1.000 105.004 -0.259 0.966 3.334 25.004 3.021 1.409 7.621 -50.902 4.806
110.0 1.000 110.004 -0.342 0.940 3.334 30.004 2.887 1.667 7.336 -50.445 4.672
115.0 1.000 115.004 -0.423 0.906 3.334 35.004 2.731 1.912 7.047 -50.155 4.515
120.0 1.000 120.004 -0.500 0.866 3.334 40.004 2.553 2.143 6.757 -50.054 4.338
125.0 1.000 125.004 -0.574 0.819 3.334 45.004 2.357 2.357 6.466 -50.169 4.142
130.0 1.000 130.004 -0.643 0.766 3.334 50.004 2.143 2.554 6.178 -50.529 3.927
135.0 1.000 135.004 -0.707 0.707 3.334 55.004 1.912 2.731 5.895 -51.167 3.697
140.0 1.000 140.004 -0.766 0.643 3.334 60.004 1.667 2.887 5.621 -52.116 3.451
145.0 1.000 145.004 -0.819 0.574 3.334 65.004 1.409 3.021 5.358 -53.412 3.193
150.0 1.000 150.004 -0.866 0.500 3.334 70.004 1.140 3.133 5.110 -55.087 2.925
155.0 1.000 155.004 -0.906 0.423 3.334 75.004 0.863 3.220 4.883 -57.169 2.647
160.0 1.000 160.004 -0.940 0.342 3.334 80.004 0.579 3.283 4.681 -59.673 2.364
165.0 1.000 165.004 -0.966 0.259 3.334 85.004 0.290 3.321 4.508 -62.593 2.075
170.0 1.000 170.004 -0.985 0.174 3.334 90.004 0.000 3.334 4.371 -65.900 1.785
175.0 1.000 175.004 -0.996 0.087 3.334 95.004 -0.291 3.321 4.272 -69.529 1.494
180.0 1.000 180.004 -1.000 0.000 3.334 100.004 -0.579 3.283 4.216 -73.383 1.206
185.0 1.000 185.004 -0.996 -0.087 3.334 105.004 -0.863 3.220 4.206 -77.337 0.922
190.0 1.000 190.004 -0.985 -0.174 3.334 110.004 -1.140 3.132 4.240 -81.256 0.645
195.0 1.000 195.004 -0.966 -0.259 3.334 115.004 -1.409 3.021 4.318 -85.007 0.376
200.0 1.000 200.004 -0.940 -0.342 3.334 120.004 -1.667 2.887 4.438 -88.477 0.118
205.0 1.000 205.004 -0.906 -0.423 3.334 125.004 -1.912 2.731 4.594 -91.588 -0.127
210.0 1.000 210.004 -0.866 -0.500 3.334 130.004 -2.143 2.553 4.783 -94.293 -0.358
215.0 1.000 215.004 -0.819 -0.574 3.334 135.004 -2.357 2.357 4.999 -96.575 -0.572
220.0 1.000 220.004 -0.766 -0.643 3.334 140.004 -2.554 2.143 5.237 -98.442 -0.769
225.0 1.000 225.004 -0.707 -0.707 3.334 145.004 -2.731 1.912 5.493 -99.915 -0.946
230.0 1.000 230.004 -0.643 -0.766 3.334 150.004 -2.887 1.667 5.763 -101.025 -1.102
235.0 1.000 235.004 -0.574 -0.819 3.334 155.004 -3.021 1.409 6.042 -101.807 -1.236
240.0 1.000 240.004 -0.500 -0.866 3.334 160.004 -3.133 1.140 6.328 -102.295 -1.348
245.0 1.000 245.004 -0.423 -0.906 3.334 165.004 -3.220 0.863 6.618 -102.524 -1.435
250.0 1.000 250.004 -0.342 -0.940 3.334 170.004 -3.283 0.579 6.909 -102.522 -1.498
255.0 1.000 255.004 -0.259 -0.966 3.334 175.004 -3.321 0.290 7.199 -102.320 -1.536
260.0 1.000 260.004 -0.174 -0.985 3.334 180.004 -3.334 0.000 7.485 -101.940 -1.549
265.0 1.000 265.004 -0.087 -0.996 3.334 185.004 -3.321 -0.291 7.767 -101.405 -1.536
270.0 1.000 270.004 0.000 -1.000 3.334 190.004 -3.283 -0.579 8.043 -100.733 -1.498
275.0 1.000 275.004 0.087 -0.996 3.334 195.004 -3.220 -0.863 8.311 -99.942 -1.435
280.0 1.000 280.004 0.174 -0.985 3.334 200.004 -3.132 -1.140 8.570 -99.046 -1.347
285.0 1.000 285.004 0.259 -0.966 3.334 205.004 -3.021 -1.409 8.819 -98.058 -1.236
290.0 1.000 290.004 0.342 -0.940 3.334 210.004 -2.887 -1.667 9.057 -96.988 -1.102
295.0 1.000 295.004 0.423 -0.906 3.334 215.004 -2.731 -1.912 9.284 -95.846 -0.946
300.0 1.000 300.004 0.500 -0.866 3.334 220.004 -2.553 -2.143 9.497 -94.642 -0.769
305.0 1.000 305.004 0.574 -0.819 3.334 225.004 -2.357 -2.357 9.697 -93.382 -0.572
310.0 1.000 310.004 0.643 -0.766 3.334 230.004 -2.143 -2.554 9.883 -92.074 -0.358
315.0 1.000 315.004 0.707 -0.707 3.334 235.004 -1.912 -2.731 10.055 -90.723 -0.127
320.0 1.000 320.004 0.766 -0.643 3.334 240.004 -1.667 -2.887 10.211 -89.336 0.118
325.0 1.000 325.004 0.819 -0.574 3.334 245.004 -1.409 -3.021 10.351 -87.917 0.376
330.0 1.000 330.004 0.866 -0.500 3.334 250.004 -1.140 -3.133 10.476 -86.470 0.645
335.0 1.000 335.004 0.906 -0.423 3.334 255.004 -0.863 -3.220 10.583 -85.000 0.922
340.0 1.000 340.004 0.940 -0.342 3.334 260.004 -0.579 -3.283 10.674 -83.511 1.206
345.0 1.000 345.004 0.966 -0.259 3.334 265.004 -0.290 -3.321 10.748 -82.007 1.495
350.0 1.000 350.004 0.985 -0.174 3.334 270.004 0.000 -3.334 10.805 -80.490 1.785
355.0 1.000 355.004 0.996 -0.087 3.334 275.004 0.291 -3.321 10.844 -78.965 2.076
360.0 1.000 360.004 1.000 0.000 3.334 280.004 0.579 -3.283 10.866 -77.435 2.364
 Vsys
Imag Mag Angle Real Imag
0.72648 1.051 3.698 1.049 0.068

Ak = 1/Zsys + 1/Zgen + 1/Zload Vsys/Zsys MVA Base/MVA gen

Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag 1.000
-0.262 10.866 -77.435 2.364 -10.606 7.538 -76.302 1.785 -7.323

+ Vgen/Zgen] Vpcc=Ik/Ak dVsr = Vsys - Vpcc Isys = dVsr/Zsys

Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real Imag
-10.606 1.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.084 54.158 0.049 0.068 0.600 -25.842 0.540 -0.261
-10.543 1.000 1.533 1.000 0.027 0.064 39.976 0.049 0.041 0.458 -40.024 0.351 -0.295
-10.456 0.999 3.065 0.998 0.053 0.053 15.663 0.051 0.014 0.382 -64.337 0.165 -0.344
-10.344 0.996 4.593 0.993 0.080 0.057 -12.115 0.056 -0.012 0.410 -92.115 -0.015 -0.409
-10.210 0.992 6.114 0.986 0.106 0.073 -31.092 0.063 -0.038 0.526 -111.092 -0.189 -0.490
-10.054 0.986 7.625 0.977 0.131 0.096 -41.233 0.072 -0.063 0.685 -121.233 -0.355 -0.586
-9.877 0.978 9.122 0.966 0.155 0.121 -46.378 0.083 -0.087 0.865 -126.378 -0.513 -0.696
-9.680 0.969 10.601 0.952 0.178 0.147 -48.852 0.097 -0.110 1.052 -128.852 -0.660 -0.819
-9.466 0.958 12.059 0.937 0.200 0.173 -49.809 0.112 -0.132 1.243 -129.809 -0.796 -0.955
-9.235 0.946 13.492 0.920 0.221 0.200 -49.842 0.129 -0.153 1.435 -129.842 -0.919 -1.102
-8.990 0.932 14.895 0.901 0.240 0.227 -49.279 0.148 -0.172 1.626 -129.279 -1.029 -1.259
-8.732 0.917 16.264 0.881 0.257 0.253 -48.309 0.168 -0.189 1.816 -128.309 -1.126 -1.425
-8.463 0.901 17.593 0.859 0.272 0.279 -47.051 0.190 -0.204 2.003 -127.051 -1.207 -1.599
-8.186 0.883 18.877 0.835 0.286 0.305 -45.582 0.213 -0.218 2.187 -125.582 -1.273 -1.779
-7.902 0.864 20.109 0.811 0.297 0.330 -43.954 0.238 -0.229 2.368 -123.954 -1.323 -1.964
-7.613 0.844 21.281 0.786 0.306 0.355 -42.204 0.263 -0.238 2.545 -122.204 -1.356 -2.153
-7.323 0.822 22.387 0.760 0.313 0.379 -40.357 0.289 -0.245 2.717 -120.357 -1.373 -2.344
-7.032 0.800 23.415 0.734 0.318 0.402 -38.433 0.315 -0.250 2.884 -118.433 -1.373 -2.536
-6.744 0.776 24.357 0.707 0.320 0.425 -36.448 0.342 -0.252 3.046 -116.448 -1.357 -2.727
-6.460 0.752 25.200 0.680 0.320 0.447 -34.411 0.368 -0.252 3.203 -114.411 -1.324 -2.917
-6.183 0.727 25.930 0.654 0.318 0.468 -32.331 0.395 -0.250 3.353 -112.331 -1.274 -3.102
-5.914 0.701 26.533 0.627 0.313 0.488 -30.216 0.422 -0.245 3.498 -110.216 -1.209 -3.282
-5.656 0.675 26.989 0.602 0.306 0.507 -28.071 0.447 -0.239 3.636 -108.071 -1.128 -3.456
-5.411 0.649 27.280 0.576 0.297 0.525 -25.901 0.473 -0.229 3.767 -105.901 -1.032 -3.623
-5.180 0.622 27.380 0.552 0.286 0.543 -23.709 0.497 -0.218 3.891 -103.709 -0.922 -3.780
-4.966 0.595 27.265 0.529 0.273 0.559 -21.499 0.520 -0.205 4.008 -101.499 -0.799 -3.927
-4.769 0.569 26.905 0.507 0.257 0.574 -19.273 0.542 -0.189 4.117 -99.273 -0.663 -4.063
-4.592 0.543 26.268 0.487 0.240 0.588 -17.033 0.562 -0.172 4.218 -97.033 -0.516 -4.186
-4.436 0.517 25.319 0.468 0.221 0.601 -14.781 0.581 -0.153 4.312 -94.781 -0.359 -4.297
-4.302 0.493 24.023 0.450 0.201 0.613 -12.520 0.599 -0.133 4.397 -92.520 -0.193 -4.393
-4.191 0.470 22.347 0.435 0.179 0.624 -10.249 0.614 -0.111 4.474 -90.249 -0.019 -4.474
-4.103 0.449 20.265 0.422 0.156 0.634 -7.972 0.627 -0.088 4.543 -87.972 0.161 -4.540
-4.040 0.431 17.762 0.410 0.131 0.642 -5.688 0.639 -0.064 4.603 -85.688 0.346 -4.590
-4.002 0.415 14.841 0.401 0.106 0.649 -3.398 0.648 -0.038 4.654 -83.398 0.535 -4.623
-3.990 0.402 11.535 0.394 0.080 0.655 -1.105 0.655 -0.013 4.697 -81.105 0.726 -4.640
-4.002 0.393 7.906 0.389 0.054 0.660 1.192 0.660 0.014 4.730 -78.808 0.918 -4.640
-4.040 0.388 4.052 0.387 0.027 0.663 3.491 0.662 0.040 4.755 -76.509 1.109 -4.624
-4.103 0.387 0.097 0.387 0.001 0.665 5.792 0.662 0.067 4.771 -74.208 1.298 -4.591
-4.191 0.390 -3.822 0.389 -0.026 0.666 8.093 0.660 0.094 4.778 -71.907 1.484 -4.541
-4.302 0.397 -7.572 0.394 -0.052 0.666 10.395 0.655 0.120 4.775 -69.605 1.664 -4.476
-4.436 0.408 -11.043 0.401 -0.078 0.664 12.697 0.648 0.146 4.764 -67.303 1.838 -4.395
-4.593 0.423 -14.153 0.410 -0.103 0.662 14.997 0.639 0.171 4.744 -65.003 2.004 -4.299
-4.770 0.440 -16.858 0.421 -0.128 0.657 17.295 0.628 0.195 4.714 -62.705 2.162 -4.189
-4.966 0.460 -19.140 0.435 -0.151 0.652 19.590 0.614 0.219 4.676 -60.410 2.309 -4.066
-5.181 0.482 -21.007 0.450 -0.173 0.646 21.881 0.599 0.241 4.629 -58.119 2.445 -3.931
 -5.411 0.506 -22.480 0.467 -0.193 0.638 24.168 0.582 0.261 4.573 -55.832 2.568 -3.784
-5.657 0.530 -23.591 0.486 -0.212 0.629 26.449 0.563 0.280 4.509 -53.551 2.679 -3.627
-5.915 0.556 -24.373 0.507 -0.229 0.619 28.723 0.542 0.297 4.436 -51.277 2.775 -3.461
-6.183 0.582 -24.861 0.528 -0.245 0.607 30.989 0.521 0.313 4.354 -49.011 2.856 -3.287
-6.461 0.609 -25.089 0.552 -0.258 0.595 33.246 0.497 0.326 4.265 -46.754 2.922 -3.106
-6.745 0.636 -25.088 0.576 -0.270 0.581 35.492 0.473 0.337 4.167 -44.508 2.972 -2.921
-7.033 0.662 -24.885 0.601 -0.279 0.566 37.725 0.448 0.347 4.062 -42.275 3.005 -2.732
-7.323 0.689 -24.505 0.627 -0.286 0.551 39.943 0.422 0.354 3.948 -40.057 3.022 -2.541
-7.614 0.715 -23.970 0.653 -0.290 0.534 42.144 0.396 0.358 3.828 -37.856 3.022 -2.349
-7.902 0.740 -23.299 0.680 -0.293 0.516 44.325 0.369 0.361 3.700 -35.675 3.006 -2.158
-8.186 0.765 -22.508 0.707 -0.293 0.497 46.483 0.342 0.361 3.566 -33.517 2.973 -1.969
-8.464 0.789 -21.612 0.733 -0.290 0.478 48.613 0.316 0.358 3.424 -31.387 2.923 -1.783
-8.732 0.812 -20.623 0.760 -0.286 0.457 50.710 0.289 0.354 3.277 -29.290 2.858 -1.603
-8.990 0.834 -19.553 0.785 -0.279 0.436 52.769 0.264 0.347 3.123 -27.231 2.777 -1.429
-9.235 0.854 -18.412 0.811 -0.270 0.413 54.781 0.238 0.338 2.964 -25.219 2.681 -1.263
-9.466 0.874 -17.207 0.835 -0.259 0.390 56.736 0.214 0.326 2.799 -23.264 2.571 -1.105
-9.680 0.892 -15.947 0.858 -0.245 0.367 58.622 0.191 0.313 2.629 -21.378 2.448 -0.958
-9.877 0.910 -14.639 0.880 -0.230 0.342 60.422 0.169 0.298 2.454 -19.578 2.312 -0.822
-10.054 0.925 -13.289 0.901 -0.213 0.317 62.113 0.148 0.280 2.276 -17.887 2.166 -0.699
-10.210 0.940 -11.901 0.919 -0.194 0.292 63.665 0.129 0.262 2.093 -16.335 2.008 -0.589
-10.344 0.953 -10.482 0.937 -0.173 0.266 65.033 0.112 0.241 1.907 -14.967 1.842 -0.493
-10.456 0.964 -9.035 0.952 -0.151 0.240 66.154 0.097 0.219 1.718 -13.846 1.669 -0.411
-10.543 0.974 -7.566 0.965 -0.128 0.213 66.934 0.083 0.196 1.528 -13.066 1.488 -0.345
-10.606 0.982 -6.077 0.977 -0.104 0.186 67.220 0.072 0.172 1.336 -12.780 1.303 -0.296
-10.644 0.989 -4.572 0.986 -0.079 0.160 66.764 0.063 0.147 1.144 -13.236 1.114 -0.262
-10.657 0.994 -3.056 0.993 -0.053 0.133 65.127 0.056 0.121 0.955 -14.873 0.923 -0.245
-10.644 0.998 -1.531 0.998 -0.027 0.108 61.478 0.051 0.094 0.771 -18.522 0.731 -0.245
-10.606 1.000 0.000 1.000 0.000 0.084 54.158 0.049 0.068 0.600 -25.842 0.540 -0.261
Ssys = Vpcc x Isys* Polar Graphs Zsys@pcc = Vpcc / Isys I Load = Vpcc/Zload
Mag Angle Real Imag | Real | | Imag | Mag Angle Real Imag Mag Angle Real
0.600 25.842 0.540 0.261 0.540 0.261 1.668 25.842 1.501 0.727 0.600 -25.842 0.540
0.458 41.557 0.343 0.304 0.343 0.304 2.184 41.557 1.635 1.449 0.600 -24.309 0.547
0.381 67.402 0.147 0.352 0.147 0.352 2.618 67.402 1.006 2.417 0.599 -22.777 0.553
0.408 96.709 -0.048 0.405 0.048 0.405 2.432 96.709 -0.284 2.415 0.598 -21.249 0.557
0.521 117.207 -0.238 0.464 0.238 0.464 1.887 117.207 -0.863 1.678 0.595 -19.728 0.560
0.676 128.858 -0.424 0.526 0.424 0.526 1.438 128.858 -0.902 1.120 0.591 -18.217 0.562
0.846 135.500 -0.603 0.593 0.603 0.593 1.131 135.500 -0.807 0.793 0.587 -16.720 0.562
1.019 139.453 -0.775 0.663 0.775 0.663 0.921 139.453 -0.700 0.599 0.581 -15.241 0.561
1.191 141.868 -0.937 0.735 0.937 0.735 0.771 141.868 -0.606 0.476 0.575 -13.783 0.558
1.357 143.334 -1.089 0.811 1.089 0.811 0.659 143.334 -0.529 0.394 0.568 -12.350 0.554
1.516 144.174 -1.229 0.887 1.229 0.887 0.573 144.174 -0.465 0.336 0.559 -10.947 0.549
1.666 144.573 -1.357 0.965 1.357 0.965 0.505 144.573 -0.412 0.293 0.550 -9.578 0.543
1.804 144.644 -1.472 1.044 1.472 1.044 0.450 144.644 -0.367 0.260 0.540 -8.249 0.535
1.931 144.459 -1.572 1.123 1.572 1.123 0.404 144.459 -0.328 0.235 0.530 -6.965 0.526
2.046 144.063 -1.656 1.201 1.656 1.201 0.365 144.063 -0.295 0.214 0.518 -5.733 0.516
2.147 143.485 -1.725 1.277 1.725 1.277 0.332 143.485 -0.266 0.197 0.506 -4.561 0.505
2.234 142.743 -1.778 1.352 1.778 1.352 0.303 142.743 -0.241 0.183 0.493 -3.455 0.492
2.307 141.849 -1.814 1.425 1.814 1.425 0.277 141.849 -0.218 0.171 0.480 -2.427 0.479
2.365 140.805 -1.833 1.495 1.833 1.495 0.255 140.805 -0.198 0.161 0.466 -1.485 0.466
2.409 139.611 -1.835 1.561 1.835 1.561 0.235 139.611 -0.179 0.152 0.451 -0.642 0.451
2.438 138.262 -1.819 1.623 1.819 1.623 0.217 138.262 -0.162 0.144 0.436 0.089 0.436
2.453 136.749 -1.787 1.681 1.787 1.681 0.201 136.749 -0.146 0.137 0.421 0.691 0.421
2.455 135.061 -1.737 1.734 1.737 1.734 0.186 135.061 -0.131 0.131 0.405 1.147 0.405
2.443 133.181 -1.672 1.781 1.672 1.781 0.172 133.181 -0.118 0.126 0.389 1.438 0.389
2.419 131.090 -1.590 1.823 1.590 1.823 0.160 131.090 -0.105 0.120 0.373 1.538 0.373
2.385 128.764 -1.493 1.860 1.493 1.860 0.148 128.764 -0.093 0.116 0.357 1.423 0.357
2.341 126.178 -1.382 1.889 1.382 1.889 0.138 126.178 -0.082 0.111 0.341 1.063 0.341
2.289 123.301 -1.256 1.913 1.256 1.913 0.129 123.301 -0.071 0.107 0.326 0.426 0.326
2.230 120.100 -1.119 1.930 1.119 1.930 0.120 120.100 -0.060 0.104 0.310 -0.523 0.310
2.168 116.543 -0.969 1.940 0.969 1.940 0.112 116.543 -0.050 0.100 0.296 -1.819 0.296
2.104 112.597 -0.809 1.943 0.809 1.943 0.105 112.597 -0.040 0.097 0.282 -3.494 0.282
2.041 108.237 -0.639 1.939 0.639 1.939 0.099 108.237 -0.031 0.094 0.270 -5.576 0.268
1.983 103.450 -0.461 1.928 0.461 1.928 0.094 103.450 -0.022 0.091 0.258 -8.080 0.256
1.931 98.240 -0.277 1.911 0.277 1.911 0.089 98.240 -0.013 0.088 0.249 -11.001 0.244
1.889 92.640 -0.087 1.887 0.087 1.887 0.086 92.640 -0.004 0.086 0.241 -14.307 0.234
1.860 86.714 0.107 1.857 0.107 1.857 0.083 86.714 0.005 0.083 0.236 -17.936 0.224
1.845 80.561 0.303 1.820 0.303 1.820 0.082 80.561 0.013 0.080 0.233 -21.790 0.216
1.846 74.305 0.499 1.778 0.499 1.778 0.081 74.305 0.022 0.078 0.232 -25.745 0.209
1.864 68.085 0.696 1.730 0.696 1.730 0.082 68.085 0.030 0.076 0.234 -29.664 0.203
1.898 62.033 0.890 1.676 0.890 1.676 0.083 62.033 0.039 0.074 0.238 -33.414 0.199
1.946 56.261 1.081 1.618 1.081 1.618 0.086 56.261 0.048 0.071 0.245 -36.885 0.196
2.006 50.850 1.266 1.555 1.266 1.555 0.089 50.850 0.056 0.069 0.254 -39.995 0.194
2.075 45.847 1.445 1.489 1.445 1.489 0.093 45.847 0.065 0.067 0.264 -42.700 0.194
2.151 41.269 1.617 1.419 1.617 1.419 0.098 41.269 0.074 0.065 0.276 -44.982 0.195
2.231 37.111 1.779 1.346 1.779 1.346 0.104 37.111 0.083 0.063 0.289 -46.849 0.198
2.312 33.352 1.931 1.271 1.931 1.271 0.111 33.352 0.092 0.061 0.303 -48.322 0.202
2.391 29.960 2.072 1.194 2.072 1.194 0.118 29.960 0.102 0.059 0.318 -49.433 0.207
2.466 26.904 2.200 1.116 2.200 1.116 0.125 26.904 0.112 0.057 0.334 -50.214 0.214
2.536 24.150 2.314 1.037 2.314 1.037 0.134 24.150 0.122 0.055 0.349 -50.703 0.221
2.597 21.665 2.414 0.959 2.414 0.959 0.143 21.665 0.133 0.053 0.365 -50.931 0.230
2.649 19.420 2.499 0.881 2.499 0.881 0.153 19.420 0.144 0.051 0.381 -50.930 0.240
2.691 17.390 2.568 0.804 2.568 0.804 0.163 17.390 0.156 0.049 0.397 -50.727 0.252
2.720 15.552 2.620 0.729 2.620 0.729 0.174 15.552 0.168 0.047 0.413 -50.347 0.264
2.736 13.886 2.656 0.657 2.656 0.657 0.187 13.886 0.181 0.045 0.429 -49.812 0.277
2.739 12.376 2.675 0.587 2.675 0.587 0.200 12.376 0.195 0.043 0.444 -49.141 0.291
2.727 11.009 2.677 0.521 2.677 0.521 0.215 11.009 0.211 0.041 0.459 -48.350 0.305
2.701 9.775 2.662 0.459 2.662 0.459 0.230 9.775 0.227 0.039 0.473 -47.454 0.320
2.659 8.667 2.629 0.401 2.629 0.401 0.248 8.667 0.245 0.037 0.487 -46.465 0.335
2.603 7.678 2.580 0.348 2.580 0.348 0.267 7.678 0.265 0.036 0.500 -45.395 0.351
2.532 6.808 2.514 0.300 2.514 0.300 0.288 6.808 0.286 0.034 0.513 -44.253 0.367
2.446 6.057 2.432 0.258 2.432 0.258 0.312 6.057 0.311 0.033 0.524 -43.049 0.383
2.346 5.430 2.336 0.222 2.336 0.222 0.339 5.430 0.338 0.032 0.535 -41.789 0.399
2.232 4.939 2.224 0.192 2.224 0.192 0.371 4.939 0.369 0.032 0.546 -40.481 0.415
2.106 4.598 2.099 0.169 2.099 0.169 0.407 4.598 0.405 0.033 0.555 -39.131 0.431
1.967 4.434 1.961 0.152 1.961 0.152 0.449 4.434 0.448 0.035 0.564 -37.743 0.446
1.817 4.485 1.811 0.142 1.811 0.142 0.500 4.485 0.498 0.039 0.572 -36.324 0.460
1.657 4.810 1.651 0.139 1.651 0.139 0.561 4.810 0.559 0.047 0.578 -34.877 0.475
1.488 5.501 1.481 0.143 1.481 0.143 0.637 5.501 0.635 0.061 0.584 -33.408 0.488
1.312 6.703 1.303 0.153 1.303 0.153 0.735 6.703 0.730 0.086 0.589 -31.919 0.500
1.132 8.663 1.119 0.171 1.119 0.171 0.864 8.663 0.854 0.130 0.593 -30.414 0.512
0.949 11.817 0.929 0.194 0.929 0.194 1.041 11.817 1.019 0.213 0.597 -28.898 0.522
0.769 16.992 0.736 0.225 0.736 0.225 1.295 16.992 1.238 0.378 0.599 -27.373 0.532
0.600 25.842 0.540 0.261 0.540 0.261 1.668 25.842 1.501 0.727 0.600 -25.842 0.540
 Sload = Vpcc x I_load* Polar Graphs Igen, = I_load - Isys I mag Sgen = Vrelay x Igen*
Imag Mag Angle Real Imag | Real | | Imag | Mag Angle Real Imag genbase Mag
-0.262 0.600 25.842 0.540 0.262 0.000 0.000 0.000 -25.842 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
-0.247 0.600 25.842 0.540 0.262 0.000 0.000 0.202 13.584 0.196 0.047 0.202 0.202
-0.232 0.599 25.842 0.539 0.261 0.000 0.000 0.403 16.110 0.387 0.112 0.403 0.403
-0.217 0.596 25.842 0.536 0.260 0.000 0.000 0.604 18.618 0.572 0.193 0.604 0.602
-0.201 0.590 25.842 0.531 0.257 0.000 0.000 0.803 21.123 0.749 0.289 0.803 0.797
-0.185 0.583 25.842 0.525 0.254 0.000 0.000 1.001 23.625 0.917 0.401 1.001 0.987
-0.169 0.574 25.842 0.517 0.250 0.000 0.000 1.197 26.127 1.075 0.527 1.197 1.171
-0.153 0.563 25.842 0.507 0.246 0.000 0.000 1.391 28.628 1.221 0.666 1.391 1.348
-0.137 0.551 25.842 0.496 0.240 0.000 0.000 1.582 31.129 1.354 0.818 1.582 1.516
-0.121 0.537 25.842 0.483 0.234 0.000 0.000 1.770 33.630 1.474 0.980 1.770 1.674
-0.106 0.522 25.842 0.469 0.227 0.000 0.000 1.955 36.131 1.579 1.153 1.955 1.822
-0.092 0.505 25.842 0.454 0.220 0.000 0.000 2.136 38.631 1.668 1.333 2.136 1.959
-0.078 0.487 25.842 0.438 0.212 0.000 0.000 2.313 41.132 1.742 1.521 2.313 2.083
-0.064 0.468 25.842 0.421 0.204 0.000 0.000 2.485 43.632 1.799 1.715 2.485 2.194
-0.052 0.448 25.842 0.403 0.195 0.000 0.000 2.653 46.132 1.838 1.912 2.653 2.292
-0.040 0.427 25.842 0.384 0.186 0.000 0.000 2.815 48.632 1.861 2.113 2.815 2.375
-0.030 0.406 25.842 0.365 0.177 0.000 0.000 2.973 51.133 1.866 2.315 2.973 2.444
-0.020 0.384 25.842 0.345 0.167 0.000 0.000 3.125 53.633 1.853 2.516 3.125 2.499
-0.012 0.362 25.842 0.325 0.158 0.000 0.000 3.270 56.133 1.822 2.715 3.270 2.539
-0.005 0.339 25.842 0.305 0.148 0.000 0.000 3.410 58.633 1.775 2.911 3.410 2.564
0.001 0.317 25.842 0.285 0.138 0.000 0.000 3.543 61.134 1.710 3.103 3.543 2.576
0.005 0.295 25.842 0.266 0.129 0.000 0.000 3.669 63.634 1.629 3.287 3.669 2.573
0.008 0.273 25.842 0.246 0.119 0.000 0.000 3.788 66.134 1.533 3.464 3.788 2.558
0.010 0.252 25.842 0.227 0.110 0.000 0.000 3.900 68.634 1.421 3.632 3.900 2.530
0.010 0.232 25.842 0.209 0.101 0.000 0.000 4.005 71.134 1.295 3.790 4.005 2.491
0.009 0.212 25.842 0.191 0.093 0.000 0.000 4.102 73.634 1.156 3.936 4.102 2.441
0.006 0.194 25.842 0.175 0.085 0.000 0.000 4.191 76.134 1.004 4.069 4.191 2.383
0.002 0.177 25.842 0.159 0.077 0.000 0.000 4.273 78.634 0.842 4.189 4.273 2.318
-0.003 0.161 25.842 0.144 0.070 0.000 0.000 4.346 81.135 0.670 4.294 4.346 2.248
-0.009 0.146 25.842 0.131 0.064 0.000 0.000 4.411 83.635 0.489 4.383 4.411 2.175
-0.017 0.133 25.842 0.119 0.058 0.000 0.000 4.467 86.135 0.301 4.457 4.467 2.101
-0.026 0.121 25.842 0.109 0.053 0.000 0.000 4.515 88.635 0.108 4.514 4.515 2.029
-0.036 0.111 25.842 0.100 0.049 0.000 0.000 4.554 91.135 -0.090 4.554 4.554 1.962
-0.048 0.103 25.842 0.093 0.045 0.000 0.000 4.585 93.635 -0.291 4.576 4.585 1.902
-0.060 0.097 25.842 0.087 0.042 0.000 0.000 4.607 96.135 -0.492 4.581 4.607 1.853
-0.073 0.093 25.842 0.083 0.040 0.000 0.000 4.620 98.635 -0.694 4.568 4.620 1.816
-0.086 0.090 25.842 0.081 0.039 0.000 0.000 4.625 101.135 -0.893 4.538 4.625 1.794
-0.101 0.090 25.842 0.081 0.039 0.000 0.000 4.620 103.636 -1.089 4.490 4.620 1.788
-0.116 0.091 25.842 0.082 0.040 0.000 0.000 4.607 106.136 -1.280 4.426 4.607 1.798
-0.131 0.095 25.842 0.085 0.041 0.000 0.000 4.585 108.636 -1.465 4.345 4.585 1.822
-0.147 0.100 25.842 0.090 0.044 0.000 0.000 4.554 111.136 -1.642 4.248 4.554 1.860
-0.163 0.107 25.842 0.097 0.047 0.000 0.000 4.515 113.636 -1.810 4.136 4.515 1.909
-0.179 0.116 25.842 0.105 0.051 0.000 0.000 4.467 116.136 -1.968 4.010 4.467 1.966
-0.195 0.127 25.842 0.114 0.055 0.000 0.000 4.411 118.636 -2.114 3.871 4.411 2.029
-0.211 0.139 25.842 0.125 0.061 0.000 0.000 4.346 121.136 -2.247 3.720 4.346 2.095
-0.227 0.153 25.842 0.138 0.067 0.000 0.000 4.272 123.636 -2.367 3.557 4.272 2.160
-0.242 0.169 25.842 0.152 0.074 0.000 0.000 4.191 126.136 -2.472 3.385 4.191 2.223
-0.256 0.186 25.842 0.167 0.081 0.000 0.000 4.102 128.637 -2.561 3.204 4.102 2.281
-0.270 0.204 25.842 0.183 0.089 0.000 0.000 4.005 131.137 -2.635 3.016 4.005 2.332
-0.284 0.223 25.842 0.200 0.097 0.000 0.000 3.900 133.637 -2.691 2.823 3.900 2.375
-0.296 0.243 25.842 0.218 0.106 0.000 0.000 3.788 136.137 -2.731 2.625 3.788 2.409
-0.308 0.263 25.842 0.237 0.115 0.000 0.000 3.669 138.637 -2.754 2.424 3.669 2.430
-0.318 0.285 25.842 0.256 0.124 0.000 0.000 3.543 141.137 -2.758 2.223 3.543 2.440
-0.328 0.307 25.842 0.276 0.134 0.000 0.000 3.409 143.637 -2.746 2.021 3.409 2.437
-0.336 0.329 25.842 0.296 0.143 0.000 0.000 3.270 146.138 -2.715 1.822 3.270 2.420
-0.343 0.351 25.842 0.316 0.153 0.000 0.000 3.124 148.638 -2.668 1.626 3.124 2.390
-0.349 0.373 25.842 0.336 0.163 0.000 0.000 2.972 151.138 -2.603 1.435 2.972 2.344
-0.353 0.395 25.842 0.356 0.172 0.000 0.000 2.815 153.638 -2.522 1.250 2.815 2.285
-0.356 0.417 25.842 0.375 0.182 0.000 0.000 2.652 156.139 -2.426 1.073 2.652 2.211
-0.358 0.438 25.842 0.394 0.191 0.000 0.000 2.485 158.639 -2.314 0.905 2.485 2.123
-0.358 0.458 25.842 0.413 0.200 0.000 0.000 2.312 161.139 -2.188 0.747 2.312 2.021
-0.357 0.478 25.842 0.430 0.208 0.000 0.000 2.135 163.640 -2.049 0.601 2.135 1.906
-0.354 0.496 25.842 0.447 0.216 0.000 0.000 1.954 166.140 -1.897 0.468 1.954 1.777
-0.350 0.514 25.842 0.462 0.224 0.000 0.000 1.770 168.641 -1.735 0.349 1.770 1.637
-0.345 0.530 25.842 0.477 0.231 0.000 0.000 1.581 171.142 -1.563 0.244 1.581 1.486
-0.339 0.544 25.842 0.490 0.237 0.000 0.000 1.390 173.642 -1.382 0.154 1.390 1.325
-0.331 0.558 25.842 0.502 0.243 0.000 0.000 1.197 176.144 -1.194 0.080 1.197 1.154
-0.322 0.569 25.842 0.512 0.248 0.000 0.000 1.001 178.645 -1.000 0.024 1.001 0.975
-0.312 0.579 25.842 0.521 0.252 0.000 0.000 0.803 -178.852 -0.803 -0.016 0.803 0.789
-0.300 0.587 25.842 0.528 0.256 0.000 0.000 0.603 -176.348 -0.602 -0.038 0.603 0.597
-0.288 0.593 25.842 0.534 0.259 0.000 0.000 0.403 -173.839 -0.400 -0.043 0.403 0.401
-0.275 0.598 25.842 0.538 0.260 0.000 0.000 0.201 -171.313 -0.199 -0.030 0.201 0.201
-0.262 0.600 25.842 0.540 0.262 0.000 0.000 0.000 -25.842 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
Sgen = Vrelay x Igen* S @ Gen Base Polar Graphs Zgen = Vpcc/Igen, gen base
Angle Real Imag Mag Real Imag | Real | | Imag | Mag Angle Real Imag
25.842 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3333.333 25.842 3000.000 1452.966
-12.051 0.198 -0.042 0.202 0.198 -0.042 0.198 0.042 4.953 -12.051 4.844 -1.034
-13.045 0.393 -0.091 0.403 0.393 -0.091 0.393 0.091 2.477 -13.045 2.414 -0.559
-14.025 0.584 -0.146 0.602 0.584 -0.146 0.584 0.146 1.650 -14.025 1.601 -0.400
-15.008 0.770 -0.206 0.797 0.770 -0.206 0.770 0.206 1.235 -15.008 1.193 -0.320
-16.000 0.949 -0.272 0.987 0.949 -0.272 0.949 0.272 0.985 -16.000 0.946 -0.271
-17.005 1.120 -0.342 1.171 1.120 -0.342 1.120 0.342 0.817 -17.005 0.781 -0.239
-18.027 1.282 -0.417 1.348 1.282 -0.417 1.282 0.417 0.697 -18.027 0.662 -0.216
-19.070 1.433 -0.495 1.516 1.433 -0.495 1.433 0.495 0.606 -19.070 0.573 -0.198
-20.138 1.572 -0.576 1.674 1.572 -0.576 1.572 0.576 0.534 -20.138 0.502 -0.184
-21.235 1.699 -0.660 1.822 1.699 -0.660 1.699 0.660 0.477 -21.235 0.445 -0.173
-22.367 1.812 -0.745 1.959 1.812 -0.745 1.812 0.745 0.430 -22.367 0.397 -0.163
-23.538 1.910 -0.832 2.083 1.910 -0.832 1.910 0.832 0.390 -23.538 0.357 -0.156
-24.755 1.993 -0.919 2.194 1.993 -0.919 1.993 0.919 0.355 -24.755 0.323 -0.149
-26.024 2.059 -1.005 2.292 2.059 -1.005 2.059 1.005 0.326 -26.024 0.293 -0.143
-27.351 2.110 -1.091 2.375 2.110 -1.091 2.110 1.091 0.300 -27.351 0.266 -0.138
-28.746 2.143 -1.176 2.444 2.143 -1.176 2.143 1.176 0.277 -28.746 0.242 -0.133
-30.218 2.159 -1.258 2.499 2.159 -1.258 2.159 1.258 0.256 -30.218 0.221 -0.129
-31.776 2.158 -1.337 2.539 2.158 -1.337 2.158 1.337 0.237 -31.776 0.202 -0.125
-33.433 2.140 -1.413 2.564 2.140 -1.413 2.140 1.413 0.221 -33.433 0.184 -0.122
-35.203 2.105 -1.485 2.576 2.105 -1.485 2.105 1.485 0.205 -35.203 0.168 -0.118
-37.101 2.052 -1.552 2.573 2.052 -1.552 2.052 1.552 0.191 -37.101 0.152 -0.115
-39.145 1.984 -1.615 2.558 1.984 -1.615 1.984 1.615 0.178 -39.145 0.138 -0.112
-41.354 1.899 -1.671 2.530 1.899 -1.671 1.899 1.671 0.166 -41.354 0.125 -0.110
-43.754 1.799 -1.722 2.491 1.799 -1.722 1.799 1.722 0.155 -43.754 0.112 -0.107
-46.369 1.684 -1.767 2.441 1.684 -1.767 1.684 1.767 0.145 -46.369 0.100 -0.105
-49.229 1.556 -1.805 2.383 1.556 -1.805 1.556 1.805 0.136 -49.229 0.089 -0.103
-52.367 1.415 -1.836 2.318 1.415 -1.836 1.415 1.836 0.127 -52.367 0.078 -0.101
-55.816 1.263 -1.860 2.248 1.263 -1.860 1.263 1.860 0.119 -55.816 0.067 -0.098
-59.612 1.100 -1.876 2.175 1.100 -1.876 1.100 1.876 0.112 -59.612 0.057 -0.096
-63.787 0.928 -1.885 2.101 0.928 -1.885 0.928 1.885 0.105 -63.787 0.047 -0.094
-68.369 0.748 -1.886 2.029 0.748 -1.886 0.748 1.886 0.100 -68.369 0.037 -0.093
-73.373 0.561 -1.880 1.962 0.561 -1.880 0.561 1.880 0.095 -73.373 0.027 -0.091
-78.794 0.370 -1.866 1.902 0.370 -1.866 0.370 1.866 0.090 -78.794 0.018 -0.089
-84.601 0.174 -1.845 1.853 0.174 -1.845 0.174 1.845 0.087 -84.601 0.008 -0.087
-90.729 -0.023 -1.816 1.816 -0.023 -1.816 0.023 1.816 0.085 -90.729 -0.001 -0.085
-97.083 -0.221 -1.781 1.794 -0.221 -1.781 0.221 1.781 0.084 -97.083 -0.010 -0.083
-103.538 -0.419 -1.738 1.788 -0.419 -1.738 0.419 1.738 0.084 -103.538 -0.020 -0.081
-109.957 -0.614 -1.690 1.798 -0.614 -1.690 0.614 1.690 0.085 -109.957 -0.029 -0.080
-116.208 -0.805 -1.635 1.822 -0.805 -1.635 0.805 1.635 0.087 -116.208 -0.038 -0.078
-122.178 -0.991 -1.574 1.860 -0.991 -1.574 0.991 1.574 0.090 -122.178 -0.048 -0.076
-127.789 -1.170 -1.509 1.909 -1.170 -1.509 1.170 1.509 0.094 -127.789 -0.057 -0.074
-132.994 -1.341 -1.438 1.966 -1.341 -1.438 1.341 1.438 0.099 -132.994 -0.067 -0.072
-137.777 -1.503 -1.364 2.029 -1.503 -1.364 1.503 1.364 0.104 -137.777 -0.077 -0.070
-142.143 -1.654 -1.285 2.095 -1.654 -1.285 1.654 1.285 0.111 -142.143 -0.088 -0.068
-146.117 -1.793 -1.204 2.160 -1.793 -1.204 1.793 1.204 0.118 -146.117 -0.098 -0.066
-149.727 -1.920 -1.121 2.223 -1.920 -1.121 1.920 1.121 0.127 -149.727 -0.109 -0.064
-153.009 -2.033 -1.035 2.281 -2.033 -1.035 2.033 1.035 0.136 -153.009 -0.121 -0.062
-155.998 -2.131 -0.949 2.332 -2.131 -0.949 2.131 0.949 0.145 -155.998 -0.133 -0.059
-158.726 -2.214 -0.862 2.375 -2.214 -0.862 2.214 0.862 0.156 -158.726 -0.146 -0.057
-161.225 -2.280 -0.775 2.409 -2.280 -0.775 2.280 0.775 0.168 -161.225 -0.159 -0.054
-163.522 -2.331 -0.689 2.430 -2.331 -0.689 2.331 0.689 0.181 -163.522 -0.173 -0.051
-165.643 -2.364 -0.605 2.440 -2.364 -0.605 2.364 0.605 0.194 -165.643 -0.188 -0.048
-167.608 -2.380 -0.523 2.437 -2.380 -0.523 2.380 0.523 0.210 -167.608 -0.205 -0.045
-169.436 -2.379 -0.444 2.420 -2.379 -0.444 2.379 0.444 0.226 -169.436 -0.223 -0.041
-171.146 -2.361 -0.368 2.390 -2.361 -0.368 2.361 0.368 0.245 -171.146 -0.242 -0.038
-172.750 -2.326 -0.296 2.344 -2.326 -0.296 2.326 0.296 0.265 -172.750 -0.263 -0.033
-174.261 -2.273 -0.228 2.285 -2.273 -0.228 2.273 0.228 0.288 -174.261 -0.287 -0.029
-175.692 -2.205 -0.166 2.211 -2.205 -0.166 2.205 0.166 0.314 -175.692 -0.313 -0.024
-177.050 -2.120 -0.109 2.123 -2.120 -0.109 2.120 0.109 0.344 -177.050 -0.343 -0.018
-178.346 -2.020 -0.058 2.021 -2.020 -0.058 2.020 0.058 0.378 -178.346 -0.378 -0.011
-179.587 -1.905 -0.014 1.906 -1.905 -0.014 1.905 0.014 0.418 -179.587 -0.418 -0.003
-180.779 -1.777 0.024 1.777 -1.777 0.024 1.777 0.024 0.465 -180.779 -0.465 0.006
-181.929 -1.636 0.055 1.637 -1.636 0.055 1.636 0.055 0.523 -181.929 -0.523 0.018
-183.043 -1.484 0.079 1.486 -1.484 0.079 1.484 0.079 0.594 -183.043 -0.593 0.032
-184.124 -1.321 0.095 1.325 -1.321 0.095 1.321 0.095 0.685 -184.124 -0.683 0.049
-185.179 -1.149 0.104 1.154 -1.149 0.104 1.149 0.104 0.806 -185.179 -0.802 0.073
-186.211 -0.969 0.105 0.975 -0.969 0.105 0.969 0.105 0.973 -186.211 -0.968 0.105
172.775 -0.782 0.099 0.789 -0.782 0.099 0.782 0.099 1.224 172.775 -1.214 0.154
171.775 -0.591 0.085 0.597 -0.591 0.085 0.591 0.085 1.639 171.775 -1.622 0.235
170.783 -0.395 0.064 0.401 -0.395 0.064 0.395 0.064 2.469 170.783 -2.437 0.395
169.783 -0.198 0.036 0.201 -0.198 0.036 0.198 0.036 4.953 169.783 -4.875 0.879
25.842 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 3333.333 25.842 3000.000 1452.966
Slip Calculations, assuming constant Pshaft and constant Pout. For basic understanding of how fast a
Enter data in yellow fields only.

H of generator 3.000
Power into shaft, per unit (Pshaft) 1.000
Power out of unit, electrical + losses, p.u. (Pout) 0.500
System frequency, cycles/second 50.000
End Time, seconds 0.100
Time increment for calcs = end time/1000 0.00010
Net accellerating power (Pacc = Pshaft-Pout) 0.500
df/dt per unit (=Pa,pu/2H) 0.083
f_system, in degrees/second 18000.000
Generator accelleration df/dt (=fsys x dfpu/dt) 4.167

Gen speed, Gen speed, Gen Gen delta

t system degrees Hz deg/sec degrees Angle
0.0000 0.000 50.000 18000.000 0.000 0.000
0.0001 1.800 50.000 18000.150 1.800 0.000
0.0002 3.600 50.001 18000.300 3.600 0.000
0.0003 5.400 50.001 18000.450 5.400 0.000 50.50
0.0004 7.200 50.002 18000.600 7.200 0.000
0.0005 9.000 50.002 18000.750 9.000 0.000 50.40
0.0006 10.800 50.003 18000.900 10.800 0.000
0.0007 12.600 50.003 18001.050 12.600 0.000 50.30
0.0008 14.400 50.003 18001.200 14.401 0.001
0.0009 16.200 50.004 18001.350 16.201 0.001 50.20
0.0010 18.000 50.004 18001.500 18.001 0.001

Frequency
0.0011 19.800 50.005 18001.650 19.801 0.001 50.10
0.0012 21.600 50.005 18001.800 21.601 0.001
0.0013 23.400 50.005 18001.950 23.401 0.001 50.00
0.0014 25.200 50.006 18002.100 25.202 0.002
0.0015 27.000 50.006 18002.250 27.002 0.002 49.90
0.0016 28.800 50.007 18002.400 28.802 0.002
0.0017 30.600 50.007 18002.550 30.602 0.002 49.80
0.0018 32.400 50.008 18002.700 32.403 0.003
0.0019 34.200 50.008 18002.850 34.203 0.003 49.70
0.0020 36.000 50.008 18003.000 36.003 0.003 0.0
0.0021 37.800 50.009 18003.150 37.803 0.003
0.0022 39.600 50.009 18003.300 39.604 0.004
0.0023 41.400 50.010 18003.450 41.404 0.004
0.0024 43.200 50.010 18003.600 43.204 0.005
0.0025 45.000 50.010 18003.750 45.005 0.005
0.0026 46.800 50.011 18003.900 46.805 0.005
8.00
0.0027 48.600 50.011 18004.050 48.606 0.006
0.0028 50.400 50.012 18004.200 50.406 0.006
7.00
0.0029 52.200 50.012 18004.350 52.207 0.007
0.0030 54.000 50.013 18004.500 54.007 0.007
6.00

5.00
egrees

4.00
 8.00

7.00

6.00
0.0031 55.800 50.013 18004.650 55.807 0.007
0.0032 57.600 50.013 18004.800 57.608 0.008 5.00
0.0033 59.400 50.014 18004.950 59.408 0.008

Degrees
0.0034 61.200 50.014 18005.100 61.209 0.009 4.00
0.0035 63.000 50.015 18005.250 63.009 0.009
0.0036 64.800 50.015 18005.400 64.810 0.010 3.00
0.0037 66.600 50.015 18005.550 66.611 0.011
0.0038 68.400 50.016 18005.700 68.411 0.011 2.00
0.0039 70.200 50.016 18005.850 70.212 0.012
0.0040 72.000 50.017 18006.000 72.012 0.012 1.00
0.0041 73.800 50.017 18006.150 73.813 0.013
0.0042 75.600 50.018 18006.300 75.614 0.014 0.00
0.0043 77.400 50.018 18006.450 77.414 0.014 0.0
0.0044 79.200 50.018 18006.600 79.215 0.015
0.0045 81.000 50.019 18006.750 81.016 0.016
0.0046 82.800 50.019 18006.900 82.816 0.016
0.0047 84.600 50.020 18007.050 84.617 0.017
0.0048 86.400 50.020 18007.200 86.418 0.018
0.0049 88.200 50.020 18007.350 88.218 0.018
0.0050 90.000 50.021 18007.500 90.019 0.019
0.0051 91.800 50.021 18007.650 91.820 0.020
0.0052 93.600 50.022 18007.800 93.621 0.021
0.0053 95.400 50.022 18007.950 95.421 0.021
0.0054 97.200 50.023 18008.100 97.222 0.022
0.0055 99.000 50.023 18008.250 99.023 0.023
0.0056 100.800 50.023 18008.400 100.824 0.024
0.0057 102.600 50.024 18008.550 102.625 0.025
0.0058 104.400 50.024 18008.700 104.426 0.026
0.0059 106.200 50.025 18008.850 106.227 0.027
0.0060 108.000 50.025 18009.000 108.027 0.027
0.0061 109.800 50.025 18009.150 109.828 0.028
0.0062 111.600 50.026 18009.300 111.629 0.029
0.0063 113.400 50.026 18009.450 113.430 0.030
0.0064 115.200 50.027 18009.600 115.231 0.031
0.0065 117.000 50.027 18009.750 117.032 0.032
0.0066 118.800 50.028 18009.900 118.833 0.033
0.0067 120.600 50.028 18010.050 120.634 0.034
0.0068 122.400 50.028 18010.200 122.435 0.035
0.0069 124.200 50.029 18010.350 124.236 0.036
0.0070 126.000 50.029 18010.500 126.037 0.037
0.0071 127.800 50.030 18010.650 127.838 0.038
0.0072 129.600 50.030 18010.800 129.639 0.039
0.0073 131.400 50.030 18010.950 131.441 0.041
0.0074 133.200 50.031 18011.100 133.242 0.042
0.0075 135.000 50.031 18011.250 135.043 0.043
0.0076 136.800 50.032 18011.400 136.844 0.044
0.0077 138.600 50.032 18011.550 138.645 0.045
0.0078 140.400 50.033 18011.700 140.446 0.046
0.0079 142.200 50.033 18011.850 142.247 0.047
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0.0441 793.800 50.184 18066.150 795.262 1.462
0.0442 795.600 50.184 18066.300 797.069 1.469
0.0443 797.400 50.185 18066.450 798.875 1.475
0.0444 799.200 50.185 18066.600 800.682 1.482
0.0445 801.000 50.185 18066.750 802.489 1.489
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0.0489 880.200 50.204 18073.350 881.997 1.797
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0.0526 946.800 50.219 18078.900 948.879 2.079
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0.0528 950.400 50.220 18079.200 952.495 2.095
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0.0540 972.000 50.225 18081.000 974.191 2.191
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0.0545 981.000 50.227 18081.750 983.232 2.232
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0.0550 990.000 50.229 18082.500 992.273 2.273
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0.0552 993.600 50.230 18082.800 995.889 2.289
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0.0554 997.200 50.231 18083.100 999.506 2.306
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0.0591 1063.800 50.246 18088.650 1066.424 2.624
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0.0593 1067.400 50.247 18088.950 1070.042 2.642
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0.0610 1098.000 50.254 18091.500 1100.795 2.795
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0.0773 1391.400 50.322 18115.950 1395.887 4.487
0.0774 1393.200 50.323 18116.100 1397.699 4.499
0.0775 1395.000 50.323 18116.250 1399.510 4.510
0.0776 1396.800 50.323 18116.400 1401.322 4.522
0.0777 1398.600 50.324 18116.550 1403.134 4.534
0.0778 1400.400 50.324 18116.700 1404.945 4.545
0.0779 1402.200 50.325 18116.850 1406.757 4.557
0.0780 1404.000 50.325 18117.000 1408.569 4.569
0.0781 1405.800 50.325 18117.150 1410.381 4.581
0.0782 1407.600 50.326 18117.300 1412.192 4.592
0.0783 1409.400 50.326 18117.450 1414.004 4.604
0.0784 1411.200 50.327 18117.600 1415.816 4.616
0.0785 1413.000 50.327 18117.750 1417.628 4.628
0.0786 1414.800 50.328 18117.900 1419.439 4.639
0.0787 1416.600 50.328 18118.050 1421.251 4.651
0.0788 1418.400 50.328 18118.200 1423.063 4.663
0.0789 1420.200 50.329 18118.350 1424.875 4.675
0.0790 1422.000 50.329 18118.500 1426.687 4.687
0.0791 1423.800 50.330 18118.650 1428.499 4.699
0.0792 1425.600 50.330 18118.800 1430.310 4.710
0.0793 1427.400 50.330 18118.950 1432.122 4.722
0.0794 1429.200 50.331 18119.100 1433.934 4.734
0.0795 1431.000 50.331 18119.250 1435.746 4.746
0.0796 1432.800 50.332 18119.400 1437.558 4.758
0.0797 1434.600 50.332 18119.550 1439.370 4.770
0.0798 1436.400 50.333 18119.700 1441.182 4.782
0.0799 1438.200 50.333 18119.850 1442.994 4.794
0.0800 1440.000 50.333 18120.000 1444.806 4.806
0.0801 1441.800 50.334 18120.150 1446.618 4.818
0.0802 1443.600 50.334 18120.300 1448.430 4.830
0.0803 1445.400 50.335 18120.450 1450.242 4.842
0.0804 1447.200 50.335 18120.600 1452.054 4.854
0.0805 1449.000 50.335 18120.750 1453.866 4.866
0.0806 1450.800 50.336 18120.900 1455.678 4.878
0.0807 1452.600 50.336 18121.050 1457.490 4.890
0.0808 1454.400 50.337 18121.200 1459.303 4.903
0.0809 1456.200 50.337 18121.350 1461.115 4.915
0.0810 1458.000 50.338 18121.500 1462.927 4.927
0.0811 1459.800 50.338 18121.650 1464.739 4.939
0.0812 1461.600 50.338 18121.800 1466.551 4.951
0.0813 1463.400 50.339 18121.950 1468.363 4.963
0.0814 1465.200 50.339 18122.100 1470.176 4.976
0.0815 1467.000 50.340 18122.250 1471.988 4.988
0.0816 1468.800 50.340 18122.400 1473.800 5.000
0.0817 1470.600 50.340 18122.550 1475.612 5.012
0.0818 1472.400 50.341 18122.700 1477.425 5.025
0.0819 1474.200 50.341 18122.850 1479.237 5.037
0.0820 1476.000 50.342 18123.000 1481.049 5.049
0.0821 1477.800 50.342 18123.150 1482.861 5.061
0.0822 1479.600 50.343 18123.300 1484.674 5.074
0.0823 1481.400 50.343 18123.450 1486.486 5.086
0.0824 1483.200 50.343 18123.600 1488.298 5.098
0.0825 1485.000 50.344 18123.750 1490.111 5.111
0.0826 1486.800 50.344 18123.900 1491.923 5.123
0.0827 1488.600 50.345 18124.050 1493.736 5.136
0.0828 1490.400 50.345 18124.200 1495.548 5.148
0.0829 1492.200 50.345 18124.350 1497.361 5.161
0.0830 1494.000 50.346 18124.500 1499.173 5.173
0.0831 1495.800 50.346 18124.650 1500.985 5.185
0.0832 1497.600 50.347 18124.800 1502.798 5.198
0.0833 1499.400 50.347 18124.950 1504.610 5.210
0.0834 1501.200 50.348 18125.100 1506.423 5.223
0.0835 1503.000 50.348 18125.250 1508.235 5.235
0.0836 1504.800 50.348 18125.400 1510.048 5.248
0.0837 1506.600 50.349 18125.550 1511.861 5.261
0.0838 1508.400 50.349 18125.700 1513.673 5.273
0.0839 1510.200 50.350 18125.850 1515.486 5.286
0.0840 1512.000 50.350 18126.000 1517.298 5.298
0.0841 1513.800 50.350 18126.150 1519.111 5.311
0.0842 1515.600 50.351 18126.300 1520.924 5.324
0.0843 1517.400 50.351 18126.450 1522.736 5.336
0.0844 1519.200 50.352 18126.600 1524.549 5.349
0.0845 1521.000 50.352 18126.750 1526.362 5.362
0.0846 1522.800 50.353 18126.900 1528.174 5.374
0.0847 1524.600 50.353 18127.050 1529.987 5.387
0.0848 1526.400 50.353 18127.200 1531.800 5.400
0.0849 1528.200 50.354 18127.350 1533.612 5.412
0.0850 1530.000 50.354 18127.500 1535.425 5.425
0.0851 1531.800 50.355 18127.650 1537.238 5.438
0.0852 1533.600 50.355 18127.800 1539.051 5.451
0.0853 1535.400 50.355 18127.950 1540.863 5.463
0.0854 1537.200 50.356 18128.100 1542.676 5.476
0.0855 1539.000 50.356 18128.250 1544.489 5.489
0.0856 1540.800 50.357 18128.400 1546.302 5.502
0.0857 1542.600 50.357 18128.550 1548.115 5.515
0.0858 1544.400 50.358 18128.700 1549.928 5.528
0.0859 1546.200 50.358 18128.850 1551.741 5.541
0.0860 1548.000 50.358 18129.000 1553.553 5.553
0.0861 1549.800 50.359 18129.150 1555.366 5.566
0.0862 1551.600 50.359 18129.300 1557.179 5.579
0.0863 1553.400 50.360 18129.450 1558.992 5.592
0.0864 1555.200 50.360 18129.600 1560.805 5.605
0.0865 1557.000 50.360 18129.750 1562.618 5.618
0.0866 1558.800 50.361 18129.900 1564.431 5.631
0.0867 1560.600 50.361 18130.050 1566.244 5.644
0.0868 1562.400 50.362 18130.200 1568.057 5.657
0.0869 1564.200 50.362 18130.350 1569.870 5.670
0.0870 1566.000 50.363 18130.500 1571.683 5.683
0.0871 1567.800 50.363 18130.650 1573.496 5.696
0.0872 1569.600 50.363 18130.800 1575.309 5.709
0.0873 1571.400 50.364 18130.950 1577.123 5.723
0.0874 1573.200 50.364 18131.100 1578.936 5.736
0.0875 1575.000 50.365 18131.250 1580.749 5.749
0.0876 1576.800 50.365 18131.400 1582.562 5.762
0.0877 1578.600 50.365 18131.550 1584.375 5.775
0.0878 1580.400 50.366 18131.700 1586.188 5.788
0.0879 1582.200 50.366 18131.850 1588.001 5.801
0.0880 1584.000 50.367 18132.000 1589.815 5.815
0.0881 1585.800 50.367 18132.150 1591.628 5.828
0.0882 1587.600 50.368 18132.300 1593.441 5.841
0.0883 1589.400 50.368 18132.450 1595.254 5.854
0.0884 1591.200 50.368 18132.600 1597.068 5.868
0.0885 1593.000 50.369 18132.750 1598.881 5.881
0.0886 1594.800 50.369 18132.900 1600.694 5.894
0.0887 1596.600 50.370 18133.050 1602.507 5.907
0.0888 1598.400 50.370 18133.200 1604.321 5.921
0.0889 1600.200 50.370 18133.350 1606.134 5.934
0.0890 1602.000 50.371 18133.500 1607.947 5.947
0.0891 1603.800 50.371 18133.650 1609.761 5.961
0.0892 1605.600 50.372 18133.800 1611.574 5.974
0.0893 1607.400 50.372 18133.950 1613.388 5.988
0.0894 1609.200 50.373 18134.100 1615.201 6.001
0.0895 1611.000 50.373 18134.250 1617.014 6.014
0.0896 1612.800 50.373 18134.400 1618.828 6.028
0.0897 1614.600 50.374 18134.550 1620.641 6.041
0.0898 1616.400 50.374 18134.700 1622.455 6.055
0.0899 1618.200 50.375 18134.850 1624.268 6.068
0.0900 1620.000 50.375 18135.000 1626.082 6.082
0.0901 1621.800 50.375 18135.150 1627.895 6.095
0.0902 1623.600 50.376 18135.300 1629.709 6.109
0.0903 1625.400 50.376 18135.450 1631.522 6.122
0.0904 1627.200 50.377 18135.600 1633.336 6.136
0.0905 1629.000 50.377 18135.750 1635.149 6.149
0.0906 1630.800 50.378 18135.900 1636.963 6.163
0.0907 1632.600 50.378 18136.050 1638.777 6.177
0.0908 1634.400 50.378 18136.200 1640.590 6.190
0.0909 1636.200 50.379 18136.350 1642.404 6.204
0.0910 1638.000 50.379 18136.500 1644.218 6.218
0.0911 1639.800 50.380 18136.650 1646.031 6.231
0.0912 1641.600 50.380 18136.800 1647.845 6.245
0.0913 1643.400 50.380 18136.950 1649.659 6.259
0.0914 1645.200 50.381 18137.100 1651.472 6.272
0.0915 1647.000 50.381 18137.250 1653.286 6.286
0.0916 1648.800 50.382 18137.400 1655.100 6.300
0.0917 1650.600 50.382 18137.550 1656.914 6.314
0.0918 1652.400 50.383 18137.700 1658.727 6.327
0.0919 1654.200 50.383 18137.850 1660.541 6.341
0.0920 1656.000 50.383 18138.000 1662.355 6.355
0.0921 1657.800 50.384 18138.150 1664.169 6.369
0.0922 1659.600 50.384 18138.300 1665.983 6.383
0.0923 1661.400 50.385 18138.450 1667.796 6.396
0.0924 1663.200 50.385 18138.600 1669.610 6.410
0.0925 1665.000 50.385 18138.750 1671.424 6.424
0.0926 1666.800 50.386 18138.900 1673.238 6.438
0.0927 1668.600 50.386 18139.050 1675.052 6.452
0.0928 1670.400 50.387 18139.200 1676.866 6.466
0.0929 1672.200 50.387 18139.350 1678.680 6.480
0.0930 1674.000 50.388 18139.500 1680.494 6.494
0.0931 1675.800 50.388 18139.650 1682.308 6.508
0.0932 1677.600 50.388 18139.800 1684.122 6.522
0.0933 1679.400 50.389 18139.950 1685.936 6.536
0.0934 1681.200 50.389 18140.100 1687.750 6.550
0.0935 1683.000 50.390 18140.250 1689.564 6.564
0.0936 1684.800 50.390 18140.400 1691.378 6.578
0.0937 1686.600 50.390 18140.550 1693.192 6.592
0.0938 1688.400 50.391 18140.700 1695.006 6.606
0.0939 1690.200 50.391 18140.850 1696.820 6.620
0.0940 1692.000 50.392 18141.000 1698.634 6.634
0.0941 1693.800 50.392 18141.150 1700.448 6.648
0.0942 1695.600 50.393 18141.300 1702.262 6.662
0.0943 1697.400 50.393 18141.450 1704.076 6.676
0.0944 1699.200 50.393 18141.600 1705.891 6.691
0.0945 1701.000 50.394 18141.750 1707.705 6.705
0.0946 1702.800 50.394 18141.900 1709.519 6.719
0.0947 1704.600 50.395 18142.050 1711.333 6.733
0.0948 1706.400 50.395 18142.200 1713.147 6.747
0.0949 1708.200 50.395 18142.350 1714.962 6.762
0.0950 1710.000 50.396 18142.500 1716.776 6.776
0.0951 1711.800 50.396 18142.650 1718.590 6.790
0.0952 1713.600 50.397 18142.800 1720.404 6.804
0.0953 1715.400 50.397 18142.950 1722.219 6.819
0.0954 1717.200 50.398 18143.100 1724.033 6.833
0.0955 1719.000 50.398 18143.250 1725.847 6.847
0.0956 1720.800 50.398 18143.400 1727.662 6.862
0.0957 1722.600 50.399 18143.550 1729.476 6.876
0.0958 1724.400 50.399 18143.700 1731.290 6.890
0.0959 1726.200 50.400 18143.850 1733.105 6.905
0.0960 1728.000 50.400 18144.000 1734.919 6.919
0.0961 1729.800 50.400 18144.150 1736.734 6.934
0.0962 1731.600 50.401 18144.300 1738.548 6.948
0.0963 1733.400 50.401 18144.450 1740.362 6.962
0.0964 1735.200 50.402 18144.600 1742.177 6.977
0.0965 1737.000 50.402 18144.750 1743.991 6.991
0.0966 1738.800 50.403 18144.900 1745.806 7.006
0.0967 1740.600 50.403 18145.050 1747.620 7.020
0.0968 1742.400 50.403 18145.200 1749.435 7.035
0.0969 1744.200 50.404 18145.350 1751.249 7.049
0.0970 1746.000 50.404 18145.500 1753.064 7.064
0.0971 1747.800 50.405 18145.650 1754.879 7.079
0.0972 1749.600 50.405 18145.800 1756.693 7.093
0.0973 1751.400 50.405 18145.950 1758.508 7.108
0.0974 1753.200 50.406 18146.100 1760.322 7.122
0.0975 1755.000 50.406 18146.250 1762.137 7.137
0.0976 1756.800 50.407 18146.400 1763.952 7.152
0.0977 1758.600 50.407 18146.550 1765.766 7.166
0.0978 1760.400 50.408 18146.700 1767.581 7.181
0.0979 1762.200 50.408 18146.850 1769.396 7.196
0.0980 1764.000 50.408 18147.000 1771.210 7.210
0.0981 1765.800 50.409 18147.150 1773.025 7.225
0.0982 1767.600 50.409 18147.300 1774.840 7.240
0.0983 1769.400 50.410 18147.450 1776.655 7.255
0.0984 1771.200 50.410 18147.600 1778.469 7.269
0.0985 1773.000 50.410 18147.750 1780.284 7.284
0.0986 1774.800 50.411 18147.900 1782.099 7.299
0.0987 1776.600 50.411 18148.050 1783.914 7.314
0.0988 1778.400 50.412 18148.200 1785.728 7.328
0.0989 1780.200 50.412 18148.350 1787.543 7.343
0.0990 1782.000 50.413 18148.500 1789.358 7.358
0.0991 1783.800 50.413 18148.650 1791.173 7.373
0.0992 1785.600 50.413 18148.800 1792.988 7.388
0.0993 1787.400 50.414 18148.950 1794.803 7.403
0.0994 1789.200 50.414 18149.100 1796.618 7.418
0.0995 1791.000 50.415 18149.250 1798.433 7.433
0.0996 1792.800 50.415 18149.400 1800.248 7.448
0.0997 1794.600 50.415 18149.550 1802.063 7.463
0.0998 1796.400 50.416 18149.700 1803.878 7.478
0.0999 1798.200 50.416 18149.850 1805.692 7.492
0.1000 1800.000 50.417 18150.000 1807.507 7.507
c understanding of how fast a generator accellerates.

Pout will actually vary with the phase angle between the generator and the system, but if Pout
goes very low (<0.3pu, the net effect is small relative to the intent of this sheet. This sheet is for
a basic understanding of how fast a generator can accellerate.

Note if H=3 and Pacc=0.9pu (an apparent high accellerating power) the first cycle of slip takes
0.6 seconds, and the second cycle of slip takes 0.25 seconds more. Compare this to typical Xd'
time constants on the order of 1 second. This justifies using Xd' for use in out of step protection,
but if more than a couple of slip cycles go by, it may be appropriate to use Xd".

A significance to the speed of the first few slip cycles is that the duration of the resultant
electrical conditions (i.e., the periods when the gen is well out of phase with the system), can be
caught by a relatively high speed voltage, current, or power element with a time delay of maybe
0.1 seconds..

Generator Frequency

50.50

50.40

50.30

50.20
Frequency

50.10

50.00

49.90

49.80

49.70
0.0 0.1 0.2

Time

Degrees Advance

8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00
egrees

4.00
 8.00

7.00

6.00

5.00
Degrees

4.00

3.00

2.00

1.00

0.00
0.0 0.1 0.2

Time
Poleslip CHARACTERISTIC SIMULATOR - KAMIN DAVE- DOBLE ENGINEERING PVT. LTD, 305 - SAKAR BUILDING, OLDPADR

Hint for Setting Calculation of Pole-slip function:

POWER SYSTEM DATA:

Generator Rating:
Rated MVA 137 Full load Current of Generator
Rated kV 11 CT Primary current
CT Secondary current
PT RATIO
Transient reactance (X'd) 30 % Transient reactance in Secondary Ohms (X'd)
Sub-Transient reactance (X"d) 20.7 % SubTransient reactance in Secondary Ohms (X"d)

Transformer Rating:
Rated MVA 137 Full load Current of Generator
Rated Primary kV 11
Rated Secondary kV 220

%Impedance 13 % Reactance in Secondary Ohms (XT)

Infinite Source Fault level in MVA 10000 MVA Infinite source impedance in secondary

Rate of Slip 1600 Degree/s Rate of Slip in Cycle/s

System impedance angle (pHi) 75 Degree T-Slip in second

Tripping Angle (Load angle Delta of machine) 90 Degree

New Load angle at which generator poles are Slipped 180 Degree
D, 305 - SAKAR BUILDING, OLDPADRA ROAD, VADODARA

7188.771 Amp
8000 Amp
5 Amp
100
Secondary Ohms (X'd) 4.239416 Ohms
Secondary Ohms (X"d) 2.925197 Ohms

7188.771 Amp

1.83708 Ohms

ance in secondary 0.1936 Ohms

4.444444 Cycle/s

0.05625