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Apple Tree Taxonomy and Cultivars

An apple is the edible fruit of the apple tree (Malus domestica), which originated in Central Asia and is now cultivated worldwide. There are over 7,500 apple cultivars bred for various uses, and they are typically propagated through clonal grafting to control growth and fruit characteristics. Apples have significant cultural importance in various mythologies and religions and are susceptible to various diseases and pests.

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5 views4 pages

Apple Tree Taxonomy and Cultivars

An apple is the edible fruit of the apple tree (Malus domestica), which originated in Central Asia and is now cultivated worldwide. There are over 7,500 apple cultivars bred for various uses, and they are typically propagated through clonal grafting to control growth and fruit characteristics. Apples have significant cultural importance in various mythologies and religions and are susceptible to various diseases and pests.

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Apple

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"Apple tree" redirects here. For other uses, see Apple tree
(disambiguation) and Apple (disambiguation).
An apple is the round, edible fruit of an apple tree (Malus spp.). Fruit trees of
the orchard or domestic apple (Malus domestica), the most widely
grown in the genus, are cultivatedworldwide. The tree originated in Central
Asia, where its wild ancestor, Malus sieversii, is still found. Apples have been
grown for thousands of years in Eurasia before they were introduced to North
America by European colonists. Apples have cultural significance in
many mythologies (including Norse and Greek) and religions (such
as Christianity in Europe).

Apple

'Cripps Pink' cultivar


Flowers of M. domestica

Scientific classification

Kingdom: Plantae

Clade: Tracheophytes

Clade: Angiosperms

Clade: Eudicots

Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales

Family: Rosaceae

Genus: Malus

Species: M. domestica

Binomial name

Malus domestica

(Suckow) Borkh., 1803[1]

Synonyms[2][3]

 M. communis Desf.,
1768

 M. pumila Mil.
 M. frutescens Medik.
 M. paradisiaca (L.)
Medikus
 M. sylvestris Mil.
 Pyrus malus L.
 Pyrus
malus var. paradisi
aca L.
 Pyrus dioica Moench

Apples grown from seeds tend to be very different from those of their
parents, and the resultant fruit frequently lacks desired characteristics. For
commercial purposes, including botanical evaluation, apple cultivarsare
propagated by clonal grafting onto rootstocks. Apple trees grown without
rootstocks tend to be larger and much slower to fruit after planting.
Rootstocks are used to control the speed of growth and the size of the
resulting tree, allowing for easier harvesting.
There are more than 7,500 cultivars of apples. Different cultivars are bred for
various tastes and uses, including cooking, eating raw, and cider or apple
juice production. Trees and fruit are prone to fungal, bacterial, and pest
problems, which can be controlled by a number of organic and non-organic
means. In 2010, the fruit's genome was sequenced as part of research on
disease control and selective breeding in apple production.

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