Modals/Auxiliary Verbs-
Modals, also known as modal verbs, are a type of auxiliary verb that are
used to indicate possibility, ability, necessity, and permission. Examples of
modal verbs
Can, could, may, must, shall, should, will, and would.
Can is used for capability and could is the past form of can which can be used for
asking questions in a formal way.
May is used for asking permission and must is used for doing any activity in
compulsion.
Shall is used when there’s uncertainty of something and should is the past tense of shall and
used for compulsion.
Will is used when we are certain about something and would is the past tense of will which is
used for asking questions as well as for giving any preference.
Sentence-
A sentence is defined as a group of words containing a subject and a verb expressing
the complete sense of a statement, or a question.
Types of Sentence on the basis of Function
1. Declarative Sentence (Statement):
Declarative sentences are the most commonly used sentences and it is the most
basic sentence among all 4-types of sentences on the basis of function. We use
them to convey any message, facts, and ideas, in other words, they are used to
declare something and forward the information.
In our day-to-day life, we mostly use these sentences to communicate and answer
any question. To provide any information to someone, we use declarative sentences.
All declarative sentences end with a period or full stop.
Here are few examples of declarative sentences:
1. He enjoys reading these articles.
2. I am the boss of this company.
3. Cow milk is white in colour.
4. Adam is good at cricket.
5. You are a very good boy.
So as you can see, the above sentences are used only for providing some
information and facts. These all sentences are ending with full stop also.
2. Interrogative Sentence (Questions):
Interrogative sentences are used to ask questions, interrogate, or to do some inquiry.
It ends or is punctuated with a question mark (?).
The 3-main types of questions that are covered under an interrogative sentence are:
WH- word question
Choice question
Yes/No question
Now, look at these examples of how interrogative sentences are formed
1. Do you want to top over your pizza?
2. Where do you live?
3. What are you doing in the garden?
4. Are you going for some food?
5. Where do you prefer to visit, Chennai or Mumbai?
3. Exclamatory Sentence(Exclamation):
Exclamatory sentences express strong emotions such as happiness, anger, grief,
sadness, etc. An exclamatory sentence always ends with a sign of exclamations (!).
These sentences will be helpful in expressing inner feelings and excitement. For
example,
1. It's a beautiful building!
2. We won the match yesterday!
3. She lost her brother in an accident!
4. My brother scared the hell out of me!
5. Wow, you have cracked the exam!
4. Imperative Sentence(Commands)
Imperative sentences are used to give some command, order, or instructions, or to
make any request or plea. These types of sentences generally end with a full stop.
When there is any strong emotion involved while making a request or giving any
command then in that case imperative sentence will end with a mark of exclamations
(!)
Look and observe these examples on imperative sentences:
1. Shut the door, please!
2. Start opposing violence.
3. Don’t go outside in the afternoon.
4. Switch off the light, please!
Types of Sentences on the Basis of Structure
1. Simple sentences
A simple sentence is the sentence having a single independent clause that contains
a subject that can describe a person or thing by which an action is performed and
along with the subject it also contains a predicate that is a verb or verb phrase that
describes the action of the subject. A simple sentence can also contain more than
one verb.
For Example,
He bought a new pencil.
Abdullah is writing a letter.
She is writing a letter and listening to music.
2. Compound sentences
Compound sentences are made up of two or more independent clauses that are
joined by a coordinating conjunction or sometimes by either a linking word or
semicolon (;). The coordinating conjunction are but, yet, nor, or, and, for etc. Two
independent clauses can also be joined by some conjunctive adverb like therefore,
likewise, rather, etc. Look at few examples,
1. Mira is writing a letter but forgot to post.
2. He bought a new car yet he is coming to the office by bus.
3. He bought a new car; he is coming to the office by bus.
3. Complex sentences
Complex sentences are made up of one independent clause and one or more
dependent clauses. In a sentence, these clauses are joined or linked with one
another by subordinating conjunctions like when, after, because etc. and by relative
pronouns like who, which, that, etc.
A simple comma will connect the clauses when the dependent clause appears first in
the sentence. For example,
1. After he bought a new car, the boy went on a long drive.
2. The boy went on a long drive because he bought a new car.
3. The boy who is dark and tall and wore a red t-shirt, has gone for a long drive
as he bought a new car.
4. Complex-Compound sentences
A complex compound sentence is a sentence that contains one or more dependent
clauses with at least two independent clauses joined together with coordinating
conjunctions with a comma immediately before the coordinating conjunction. These
types of sentences are the combination of complex sentences and compound
sentences.
For example,
After he bought a new car, the boy, who is dark and tall and wore a red t-shirt, went
on a long drive, but forgot to carry his driving license, got caught by the police.