TONDO HIGH SCHOOL Color Blue Blue green Green Yellow Orange/Red
Manila B. Ethanol Test Ethanol Emulsion Test for Fats and Oils
Science and Technology Department ● Solid Sample
Name: ___________________________ Grade & Section: ____________ Date: _________ 1. Crush a pinch of food sample and place in a dry test tube.
2. Add ethanol to about 2 mL above the level of the sample and shake thoroughly.
Fourth Grading 3. Allow the solid to settle for about 3 minutes and decant the ethanol into another test
ACTIVITY 4: tube.
Test for Biomolecules 4. Add 2 mL of distilled water to the test tube.
5. Write observations in Table 2.
I. Test for Carbohydrates and Lipids ● Liquid Sample
Objective: To detect the presence of carbohydrates and lipids in food samples using 1. Add a few drops of the liquid food sample to a dry test tube.
chemical tests. 2. Add 2 mL ethanol and shake it thoroughly
3. Add 2 mL of distilled water.
Procedure: 4. Write observations in Table 3.
A. Test for Carbohydrates
● Iodine Test for Starch
1. Place ½ teaspoon of each food sample on the well of a spot plate. Make sure that the
food samples are far from each other.
2. Add 3 drops of Lugol’s Iodine solution or tincture of iodine on each food sample.
3. Note that Lugol’s iodine solution or tincture of iodine changes from yellow to blue or
black in the presence of starch.
4. Write your observation in Table A.
● Benedict’s Test for Reducing Sugar
1. Place a pinch of the food samples to be tested into a test tube.
2. Add 1 full dropper of Benedict’s solution to each test tube.
3. Gently shake the test tube or vial.
4. Place the test tubes in the hot water bath for 2-3 minutes. After 2-3 minutes, return the
test tubes to the test tube racks. If the substance in your test tube contains sugar, Benedict
solution will change color.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Positive Test: Benedict’s solution changes from blue to green (very small amount of reducing Q1. Which of the food samples tested would your body use for a quick burst of energy?
sugar), to yellow (higher amount of reducing sugar) to orange or brick red (highest amount Which could be used for energy when no carbohydrates are available?
of reducing sugar). The change in color is due to the formation of the brick red precipitate,
Cu2O.
5. Observe your test tube (using white paper as a background). Record the amount of sugar Q2. Why it is that Benedict’s test gives a negative (-) result with sucrose or table sugar?
present in Table 1.
Amount of 0 + ++ +++ ++++
Sugar in None Trace Little Sugar Moderate Much Sugar Q3. What kind of foods rich in fats should be taken in moderation? Why?
Food Sugar
II. Test for Proteins III. The Denaturation of Protein
Objective: Objective:
• Perform standard chemical test for proteins. • Identify the agents for the denaturation of proteins.
• Relate indicator reactions to the presence of organic nutrients. • Relate the denaturation of proteins to home or ordinary activities.
• Explain what happens to proteins upon denaturation.
Procedure:
● Biuret Test Procedure:
1. Place a pinch of food sample to be tested into a test tube. 1. Set up four test tubes (labeled A, B, C, and D) in a test tube rack. Place about 2 cm3 of the
2. Add 5 drops of NaOH and 5 drops of CuSO4 solution to the test tube. egg white solution in each test tube. Add a few drops of each of the following reagent
3. Gently shake the test tube. solutions to separate egg white samples in test tubes A, B, and C.
4. Observe the content of each test tubes (using white paper as background). If the food A. 0.1 M Copper(II) sulfate solution B. conc. HCl C. ethanol
contains protein, it will turn pink or blue- violet. Record the amount (0, +, ++, +++, ++++) of
proteins for each food substance in Table 4. Take Note: Preparation of egg white sample: Mix together one portion of egg white with five
portions of water in a small beaker. Add a very small amount of sodium chloride.
Positive Test: Biuret is clear or light blue in the absence of protein and pink or blue-violet in
the presence of protein. Observe what happens in each test tube.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Amount of 0 + ++ +++ ++++ Q6. Describe what you observed in each test tube.
Sugar in None Trace Little Protein Moderate Much
Food Protein Protein
Color Light blue Light Pink Pink Blue violet Dark blue Q7. Copper sulfate is used as a fungicide in the garden. Explain the relation of this
violet application to what you have just observed.
DATA/RESULTS:
Q8. A 70% solution of ethanol in water is used as a disinfectant. Explain the basis for this
Food Samples Biuret Test application.
Egg white
Cooked fish
Cooked meat 2. Get test tube D and apply heat. Observe any change.
Cooked legumes GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Taho Q9. Describe what happens.
GUIDE QUESTIONS:
Q4. Describe what you observed in each test tube. Q10. Give other examples of ordinary activities at home that involve the denaturation of
proteins.
Q5. Which foods may be used for building body parts?