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IPC Mechanisms in C: Pipes, FIFO, Shared Memory

The document provides C programs demonstrating three inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms: Pipes, FIFO, and Shared Memory. The Pipe example illustrates writing and reading messages between processes, while the FIFO example implements a page replacement algorithm that tracks page faults. The Shared Memory example shows how to create, write to, and remove a shared memory segment, including error handling for IPC operations.

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10 views6 pages

IPC Mechanisms in C: Pipes, FIFO, Shared Memory

The document provides C programs demonstrating three inter-process communication (IPC) mechanisms: Pipes, FIFO, and Shared Memory. The Pipe example illustrates writing and reading messages between processes, while the FIFO example implements a page replacement algorithm that tracks page faults. The Shared Memory example shows how to create, write to, and remove a shared memory segment, including error handling for IPC operations.

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© All Rights Reserved
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Write C programs to illustrate the following IPC mechanisms

a) Pipes

#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#define MSG_LEN 64
int main()
{
int result;
int fd[2];
char message[MSG_LEN];
char recvd_msg[MSG_LEN];
result = pipe (fd);
if (result < 0)
{
pipe
exit(1);
}
strncpy(message, "Linux World!! ", MSG_LEN);
result=write(fd[1],message,strlen(message));
if (result < 0)
{
perror("write");
exit(2);
}
strncpy(message,"Understanding ",MSG_LEN);
result=write(fd[1],message,strlen(message));
if (result < 0)
{
perror("write");
exit(2);
}
strncpy(message,"Concepts of ",MSG_LEN);
result=write(fd[1],message,strlen(message));
if (result < 0)
{
perror("write");
exit(2);
}
Piping
result=write(fd[1],message,strlen(message));
if (result < 0)
{
perror("write");
exit(2);
}
result=read (fd[0], recvd_msg, MSG_LEN);
if (result < 0)
{
perror("read");
exit(3);
}
print("%s\n", recvd_msg);
return 0;
}
Output:
Linux World!! Understanding Concepts of Piping
B) FIFO

#include<stdio.h>

#include<conio.h>

int i,j,nof,nor,flag=0,ref[50],frm[50],pf=0,victm=-1;

void main()

FIFO PAGE REPLACEMENT ALGORITHM

Enter number of frames....

scanf("%d", &nof);

print("Enter number of reference string.. ");

scanf("%d", &nor);

Enter the reference string..

for(i=0;i<nor;i++)

scanf("%d", &ref[i]);

The given reference string:

for(i=0;i<nor;i++)

print("%4d", ref[i]);

for(i=1;i<=nof;i++)

frm[i]=-1;

for(i=0;i<nor;i++)

flag=0;

print("\n\t Reference np%d->\t", ref[i]);


for(j=0;j<nof;j++)

if(frm[j] == ref[i])

flag=1;

break;

}}

if(flag==0)

pf++;

victm++;

victm=victm%nof;

frm[victm]=ref[i];

for(j=0;j<nof;j++)

print("%4d", frm[j]);

print("\n\n\t\t [Link] pages faults...%d", pf);

getch();

FIFO PAGE REPLACEMENT ALGORITHM


Enter number of frames....3
Enter number of reference string..
6
Enter the reference string..3
5
6
2
7
8

356278

Reference np3-> 3 -1 -1
Reference np5-> 3 5 -1
Reference np6-> 3 5 6
Reference np2-> 2 5 6
Reference np7-> 2 7 6
Reference np8-> 2 7 8

Number of page faults...6

c) Shared Memory

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<sys/ipc.h>
#include<sys/shm.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#define SEGSIZE 100
int main(int argc, char *argv[ ])
{
int shmid, cntr;
key_t key;
char *segptr;
pooja......
key=ftok(".",'s');
if((shmid=shmget(key, SEGSIZE, IPC_CREAT | IPC_EXCL | 0666))== -1)
{
if((shmid=shmget(key,SEGSIZE,0))==-1)
{
perror("shmget");
exit(1);
}
}
else
{
Creating a new shared memory segment
SHMID:%d
}
system("ipcs –m");

if((segptr=(char*)shmat(shmid,0,0))==(char*)-1)
{
perror("shmat");
exit(1);
}
Writing data to shared memory...
strcpy(segptr, buff);
DONE
Reading data from shared memory...
printf("DATA:-%s\n",segptr);
DONE
Removing shared memory Segment...
if(shmctl(shmid, IPC_RMID, 0) == -1)
Can't Remove Shared memory Segment...
else
Removed Successfully
}

Output:

Reading data from shared memory...


worship
DONE
Removing shared memory Segment...
Removed Successfully

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