📘 PSM FMGE Formula Sheet
🔹 Epidemiology & Screening Tests
Incidence Rate
= (New cases during a time period / Population at risk) × 1000 or 100,000
Prevalence Rate
= (Total cases / Total population) × 100
Relative Risk (RR)
= [a / (a + b)] / [c / (c + d)]
Odds Ratio (OR)
= (a × d) / (b × c)
Attributable Risk (AR)
= [(a / (a + b)) – (c / (c + d))] × 100
Population Attributable Risk (PAR)
= [(Incidence_total – Incidence_unexposed) / Incidence_total] × 100
Sensitivity
= TP / (TP + FN) × 100
Specificity
= TN / (TN + FP) × 100
Positive Predictive Value (PPV)
= TP / (TP + FP) × 100
Negative Predictive Value (NPV)
= TN / (TN + FN) × 100
Accuracy
= (TP + TN) / (TP + FP + TN + FN) × 100
Youden’s Index
= Sensitivity + Specificity – 1
🔹 Biostatistics
Mean
= Sum of observations / Number of observations
= Σx / n
Median
= Middle value (when data is arranged)
Mode
= Most frequently occurring value
Standard Deviation (SD)
= sqrt [ Σ (x – x̄)^2 / n ]
Standard Error of Mean (SEM)
= SD / sqrt(n)
Confidence Interval (95%)
= Mean ± 2 × SEM
Chi-Square Test (χ²)
= Σ [(Observed – Expected)^2 / Expected]
Correlation Coefficient (r)
= Covariance (X, Y) / (Standard deviation of X × Standard deviation of Y)
Regression Line Equation
= Y = a + bX
🔹 Demography
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
= (Live births / Mid-year population) × 1000
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
= (Deaths / Mid-year population) × 1000
Infant Mortality Rate (IMR)
= (Infant deaths under 1 year / Live births) × 1000
Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR)
= (Deaths <28 days / Live births) × 1000
Post Neonatal Mortality Rate
= (Deaths from 28 days to 1 year / Live births) × 1000
Perinatal Mortality Rate (PMR)
= (Stillbirths + Early Neonatal Deaths) / (Stillbirths + Live Births) × 1000
Maternal Mortality Ratio (MMR)
= (Maternal deaths / Live births) × 100,000
General Fertility Rate (GFR)
= (Live births / Women aged 15–49) × 1000
🔹 Program Evaluation Metrics
Net Reproduction Rate (NRR)
= Average number of daughters a woman would have (adjusted for
mortality)
NRR = 1 → Stable population
Gross Reproduction Rate (GRR)
= Number of daughters born per woman (not adjusted for mortality)
Couple Protection Rate (CPR)
= (Couples effectively protected / Eligible couples) × 100
🔹 Nutrition & Growth
Body Mass Index (BMI)
= Weight (kg) / Height (m)^2
Gomez Classification
= (Actual weight / Expected weight for age) × 100
90% = Normal
76–90% = Mild PEM
61–75% = Moderate PEM
<60% = Severe PEM