⚖️Chapter 6: The Weighted Average Cost
of Capital (WACC)
1. What is WACC?
It is the average cost a company pays for the money it uses — from both equity and
debt.
Used when deciding if an investment is worth it.
Simple Formula:
2. How to Calculate Cost of Equity?
CAPM formula:
Cost of Equity= Risk-Free Rate + β × (Market Return − Risk-Free Rate)
Dividend Growth Model:
3. How to Calculate Cost of Debt?
Based on interest the company pays to borrow money.
Adjusted for tax because interest saves tax.
4. Risk of Interest Rate Changes
Duration: How sensitive bond prices are to changes in interest rates.
Higher duration = More sensitive.
5. Credit Risk
Credit rating agencies like Moody’s and S&P check how risky a company’s debt is.
Riskier companies must pay a higher interest rate.
6. When to Use WACC
Use WACC when a project’s risk is similar to the company’s overall risk.
If a project is riskier, use a higher discount rate.