Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
Revision worksheets
2 Where have our factories gone?
2.1 How was the industrial development in Hong Kong between the
1950s and 1970s? Textbook pp. 14–17
A Importance of the manufacturing industry
1 The pie charts below show the shares of the manufacturing industry in the total employment
and the GDP of Hong Kong in 1976.
The manufacturing industry was ( unimportant / very important ) to the economy of Hong
Kong in the 1970s.
‧ It shared % of the total employment in Hong Kong. It was the est
employer in the city.
‧ It contributed about one-fourth of the of Hong Kong. Its share was the
est among all economic sectors.
B Major types of manufacturing industries in Hong Kong
2 a What were the major types of manufacturing industries in Hong Kong in the 1970s?
Textile and Clock and
making making
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
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b What were the characteristics of these industries in Hong Kong at that time?
‧ They were ( light / heavy ), -intensive and -tech industries.
‧ The goods were mainly produced for ( local / overseas ) market.
C Reasons for the flourishing of the manufacturing industry
3 Why did the manufacturing industry in Hong Kong flourish between the 1950s and 1970s?
‧ Many industrialists from the brought and
skills to Hong Kong for running factories.
‧ Migrants from the Mainland formed a large pool of
that favoured the development of the -intensive industries.
‧ Deep natural and policy made the
of raw materials and of finished products easy.
D Distribution of industrial areas
4 a How was the industrial areas in Hong Kong distributed between the 1950s and 1970s?
Complete the labels of the map below.
Industrial area in the 1950s–60s
A B
Industrial estate/area in in the 1970s
P R
Q S
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
Revision worksheets
b In general, in which direction were the industrial areas in Hong Kong expanding?
c Complete the table below to show the location and characteristics of industrial sites A and
Q on the map on p. 6.
Photograph ①
‧ Site ( A / Q )
‧ Characteristics:
Factory size ( Small / Large )
Building height ( Low / Tall )
Photograph ②
‧ Site ( A / Q )
‧ Characteristics:
Factory size ( Small / Large ), in factories
Building height ( Low / Tall )
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
Revision worksheets
2.2 What happened to the manufacturing industry in Hong Kong
between the 1980s and early 2000s? Textbook pp. 18–22
The graph below shows the shares of the manufacturing industry in the total employment and the
GDP of Hong Kong between 1980 and 2005.
1 Describe the trend of the data shown in the graph.
‧ Between 1980 and 2005, the share of the manufacturing industry in total employment
( decreased / increased ) from % to %.
‧ During the same period, the share of the manufacturing industry in the GDP
.
‧ These indicate that the manufacturing industry had become ( less / more ) important to the
economy of Hong Kong between the 1980s and early 2000s.
2 Explain the trend above.
The ( growth / decline ) of the manufacturing industry in Hong Kong
was mainly due to a rapid increase in production costs. For example:
‧ ;
‧ ; and
‧ the cost of reducing and treating
in order to comply with the stricter pollution controls.
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
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3 In response to the challenges above, many Hong Kong industrialists have changed their mode
of production from -point to -point production since the 1980s.
‧ Factories (focus on )
were moved to the
Region (①);
‧ Headquarters (focus on research and
development [R&D], product design
and ) was kept
in (②).
4 a What were the pull factors of Region ① that attracted the Hong Kong industrialists to
move their factories there?
‧ ( Lower / Higher ) wages
‧ ( Lower / Higher ) land rents
‧ pollution controls
‧ policy provides financial , e.g. low tax
rates
‧ Near Hong Kong
‧ Industrialists from Hong Kong know the place well
b Why did the Hong Kong industrialists keep their headquarters in Place ②?
i The ii The education levels are iii There are good
network and , with a large
supply of high-quality and financial
infrastructure there are , systems.
well-developed. accountants, etc.
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Junior Secondary Exploring Geography (Third Edition) 6 Global shift in manufacturing industry
Revision worksheets
2.3 What is the trend in industrial relocation of Hong Kong since the
early 2000s? Textbook pp. 23–4
Complete the table below to show the trend of industrial location of Hong Kong since the early
2000s.
Industrial ‧ Factories have been moved from the
location Zhujiang Delta Region (ZDR) to:
① the areas of
Guangdong, e.g. Shaoguan and
Heyuan
② the inland ,
e.g. Jiangxi, Hunan and Sichuan
③ or
Asian
countries, e.g. Vietnam,
Cambodia, India, Sri Lanka,
Malaysia and Indonesia
‧ Headquarters remain in
Reason of Push factor of the ZDR Pull factors of areas ①–③
industrial
‧ Higher ‧
relocation
‧ Higher
‧
‧ pollution controls
‧ Unfavourable government policies
‧
for developing industries that
generate
profits, e.g. the
-intensive
industries
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