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Measuring Gravity with a Pendulum

The experiment aims to measure the acceleration due to gravity using a simple pendulum by recording the time for multiple oscillations at various lengths. The calculated mean acceleration due to gravity from the experiment is 9.86 m/s², consistent with the theoretical value derived from the formula. The procedure involves using a pendulum bob, measuring lengths, timing oscillations, and calculating the period to derive the acceleration.

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51 views4 pages

Measuring Gravity with a Pendulum

The experiment aims to measure the acceleration due to gravity using a simple pendulum by recording the time for multiple oscillations at various lengths. The calculated mean acceleration due to gravity from the experiment is 9.86 m/s², consistent with the theoretical value derived from the formula. The procedure involves using a pendulum bob, measuring lengths, timing oscillations, and calculating the period to derive the acceleration.

Uploaded by

tharakesh.durga2024
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Exp No: 4 ACCELERATION DUE TO GRAVITY USING SIMPLE PENDULUM

Aim:

To measure the acceleration due to gravity using a simple pendulum.

Apparatus Required:
Retort stand, pendulum bob, thread, metre scale, stop watch

Formula:
Acceleration due to gravity, g= 4m²ms-2
where T ’ Time period of simple pendulum (second)
L’ Length ofthe pendulum (metre)
Diagram 1

0<10®

Procedure:
1. Attach a small brass bob to the thread

2. Fix this thread on to the stand.


3. Measure the length of the pendulum from top to the middle of the bob of the pendulum.
Record the length of the pendulum in the table below.
4. Note the time (t) for 20 oscillations using stop watch.
5. The period of oscillationT= t/20
6. Repeat the experiment for different lengths the pendulum 'L'. Find acceleration
due to gravity g using the given formula.
Observation:
To find the acceleration due to gravity g

Length of the Time taken for 20 Period of


[Link] pendulum, oscillations, t (s) oscillations,
T2 L/T?
T =t/20 (s) (s?) (ms?)
L(x 102 m) Trial 1 Trial 2 Mean
1 40 25 25 25 1.25 1.56 0.256
2 50 28 28 28 1.40 1.96 0.255

4
3 60
70
32
34
32
34
32
34
1.60
1.70
2.56
2.89
0.234
0.242
1.
5 80 36 36 36 1.80 3.24 0.247
6 90 38 38 38 1.90 3.61 0.250
Mean 0.250

Calculation:

1. L=40 x 10:2 m, t= 25 s 2. L= 50 x 10-2 m, t= 28 s 3. L= 60 x10-2 m, t= 32s


t 25 t 28 t 32
T=20 =1.25 s T=020 =140s T= 20 = 1.60 s

T² = 1.252 = 1.56 s² T²= 1.40 = 1.96 s? T²= 1.60² = 2.56s?


40x10-2 0.4 50 x 10-2 0.5
- 1.56 1.56 1.96 1.96
L 60 x10
2.56
0.6

2.56

=0.256 ms-2 = 0.255 ms =0.234 ms2

4. L=70 x 10² m, t= 34 s 5. L= 80 x 10-2 m, t= 36s 6. L=90 x10-2 m, t=38s


34 36 t 38
T= =1.70 s T= 1.80 s T= =1.90 s
20 20 20 20 20 20

T²s 1.702 = 2.89 T² = 1.80² = 3.24 T²= 1.90² =3.61


L 70 x10-2 0.7 L 80 x 10-2 0.8 0 x10-2 0.9
2.89 2.89 T2 3.24 3.24 3.61 3.61

= 0.242 ms 0.247 ms2 =0.250 ms2

0.256 + 0.255 + 0.234 + 0.242 + 0.247+ 0.250 1.484


Mean = = 0.25 ms2
6 6

Acceleration due to gravity, g= 4n²ms2


= 4n? x0.25 = 4x(3.14)2 x0.25
=4x9.86x 0.25 =9.86 ms
Model Graph:

T²(Tseimc?e)
Ay
Ax 13
Ay T'
Slope = Ax L

Length =' (metres)

Result:
The acceleration due to gravity 'g determined using simple pendulum is

i) By calculation, g = 9.86ms2

ii) By graph, g = 9.86ms


Exp No: DATE
Acceleratio. duto
aavib
Scal

3-8

32

T(isme ,)
2

Ay

-2

402ST

0-2

3o 90

Length, 1 (xiom)

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