ARGUMENTATIVE TEXT

Argumentative Text is a text whose contents are dominated by the arguments of the author on an issue. For the example,
the issue that is being discussed at the moment is from the world of the education, namely the existence of essay-shaped
questions in the 2018 national exam. Now an argumentative text can be compiled based on our opinions and arguments on
this issue, for example, I feel dissagree with the issue, then argumentation text that I made I will start with a statement that
leads to the main idea I do not agree with the issue. For example I can say “ I personally think that the essay type of
questions is not suitable in National Examination”. Than in the next paragraph I will present an argument that explains why I
express my opinion.

Social Function / purpose :

To take a position on some issues and justify it or take a stand on an issue and give reasons for it.

Generic Structurew of Argumentative Text

1. Thesis Statement (our opinions or attitudes of the issue )
2. Argument (argument that supports our opinions or attitude)
3. Summing up the positions ( a restatement or conclusion about our attitude or opinion )

Language Features
1. Abstract Noun : can’t be seen, heard or touched ( beauty, culture, bravery, confidence, hope )
2. Temporal conectives : connects one event to another in sequence ( firstly, secondly, thirdly, etc)
3. Verb Action : for example eat, touch, talk, walk, etc.
4. Capital Auxiliaries ; for example can, may, must, should, etc
5. Technical Terms : Specific terms related to the theme we raise ( examination, score, evaluation, etc )
6. Reasoning connectictive: vocabulary that shows a relationship of reasons (because of, so, therefore, etc)
7. Simple present tense

Here is the example of argumentative text

Cashless society: What do we gain and lose when cash is no longer king?

Thesis:
What do you think of a cashless world? A cashless world may sound like something out of science fiction, but it is on its
way. Many modern financial processes and transactions are now taking place without the use of currency. To be more
specific, a cashless society is one in which financial transactions are conducted without the usage of cash (including paper
and coin currencies). Instead, all transactions are conducted electronically, with debit or credit cards or payment Services.
Like two sides of a coin, a cashless society has its own advantages and weaknesses.

The first advantage of cashless society is convenience. People do not need to carry cash when they want to make a
transaction. Another advantage is that crime rates are lower. Carrying cash makes people a high-value target for thieves.
It will be impossible to track their money or show that it is theirs once it has been removed from their wallet and placed in a
criminal’s wallet.

Arguments
Similarly, in a cashless society, financial crime should disappear. Cash is commonly used in unlawful activities, such as illegal
gambling or drug trafficking, because there is no record of the transaction and the money is easier to launder. If the source
of the money is unknown, money laundering becomes much more difficult. When every payment people get is recorded, it
is more difficult to hide income and evade taxes. Furthermore, going cashless is thought to be more than just handy.
Printing bills and minting coins both cost money. Businesses must store money, obtain more when they run out, deposit
cash when they have an excess of it, and in some situations, pay firms to transfer cash safely.

To defend their branches from physical bank robberies, banks hire massive security teams. In a cashless future, wasting
time and energy moving money around and protecting big sums of cash may become obsolete. People may need to
exchange their dollars for local currencies while traveling. If people are traveling in a country that supports cashless
transactions, though, they will not have to worry about how much local currency they will need. Instead, their mobile
device takes care of everything. Going cashless, on the other hand, may be more difficult than useful.
First of all, electronic payments do not have the same level of privacy as cash payments. Hackers are the electronic
equivalents of bank robbers and muggers. People are more vulnerable to hackers in a cashless culture. If people are
targeted and their accounts are emptied, they may be left with no other options for spending money.

Secondly, glitches, outages, and unintentional errors can all cause issues, leaving buyers unable to purchase items needed.
Similarly, when systems fail, merchants are unable to take payments. Finally, negative interest rates may have a more direct
impact on consumers once all money is electronic. Negative interest rates, according to the International Monetary Fund,
lower bank profitability, and banks may be motivated to raise costs on customers to make up the difference.
Customers can easily withdraw their cash from the bank if they do not like the fees, therefore banks are constrained in their
capacity to pass on those expenses. Customers may have to accept any additional fees if they are unable to withdraw cash
from the bank in the future.

Conclusion/Reiteration:
Cash currency is becoming less and less prevalent as a result of several technological and sociological shifts toward digital
and virtual financial transactions. However, there are other potential negatives to a truly cashless society, and only time will
tell whether cash has a unique place in society.

Choose The right Answer!

The Impact of Smartphone Usage on Modern Society

Smartphones have become ubiquitous in modern society, revolutionizing the way we communicate, work, and access
information. While these devices offer convenience and connectivity, their pervasive use raises concerns about their impact
on individuals and society as a whole.
Firstly, smartphones foster a culture of constant connectivity, blurring the boundaries between work and personal life.
With instant access to emails, messages, and social media, individuals often find it challenging to disconnect, leading to
increased stress and decreased productivity. Studies show that excessive smartphone use correlates with higher levels of
anxiety and poor mental health.
Secondly, the addictive nature of smartphones poses a significant concern. Apps and social media platforms are
designed to captivate users, utilizing techniques that trigger dopamine release, reinforcing compulsive behavior. This
addiction disrupts real-world interactions, affecting personal relationships and diminishing face-to-face communication
skills.
Moreover, the excessive screen time associated with smartphone use detrimentally impacts physical health.
Prolonged usage contributes to sedentary behavior, leading to issues such as eye strain, neck and back problems, and
disrupted sleep patterns due to blue light emission affecting melatonin production.
Furthermore, the omnipresence of smartphones raises privacy and security concerns. With vast amounts of personal
data stored and exchanged through these devices, the risk of data breaches, hacking, and unauthorized access to sensitive
information increases substantially, compromising individual privacy and security.
Finally, while smartphones offer unparalleled access to information, the overreliance on these devices for knowledge
has led to a decline in critical thinking and problem-solving skills. With quick answers at our fingertips, individuals are less
inclined to engage in deep, analytical thinking and research.

1. What boundary becomes blurred due to constant connectivity with smartphones?

A) Work and leisure
B) Social media and work
C) Personal life and professional life .
D) Education and entertainment

2. What psychological impact is associated with excessive smartphone use?

A) Decreased stress
B) Improved mental health
C) Higher anxiety levels .
D) Increased productivity

3. What physical health issues can arise from prolonged smartphone usage?
A) Improved sleep patterns
B) Enhanced eye health
C) Neck and back problems .
D) Decreased sedentary behavior

4. What risks are associated with the omnipresence of smartphones?

A) Decreased privacy concerns
B) Enhanced data security
C) Risk of data breaches .
D) Improved sensitive information handling

5. How does smartphone usage affect critical thinking?

A) Enhances problem-solving skills
B) Encourages deep analytical thinking
C) Leads to a decline in critical thinking .
D) Improves research capabilities

6. How do smartphones impact personal relationships?

A) Strengthen face-to-face communication
B) Diminish real-world interactions .
C) Improve social skills
D) Enhance emotional connection

7. What makes smartphones addictive?

A) Designed for limited use
B) Triggering dopamine release .
C) Promoting healthy behavior
D) Encouraging infrequent usage

8. What is a common consequence of excessive screen time on smartphones?

A) Improved posture
B) Reduced eye strain
C) Disrupted sleep patterns .
D) Enhanced physical activity

9. How does smartphone usage affect boundaries between work and personal life?
A) Strengthens work-life balance
B) Creates clear distinctions
C) Blurs boundaries .
D) Enhances personal time

10. What aspect of information access is affected by smartphone reliance?

A) Increases reliance on libraries
B) Encourages deeper research
C) Reduces critical thinking .
D) Fosters analytical skills