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Understanding Operating Systems Basics

An Operating System (OS) is a program that acts as an intermediary between users and computer hardware, aiming for efficient resource utilization and ease of use. It consists of four main components: hardware, the OS itself, application programs, and users, with the kernel being the core program running at all times. The document also discusses the organization of computer systems, including the role of CPUs and device controllers in managing hardware resources.

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4 views3 pages

Understanding Operating Systems Basics

An Operating System (OS) is a program that acts as an intermediary between users and computer hardware, aiming for efficient resource utilization and ease of use. It consists of four main components: hardware, the OS itself, application programs, and users, with the kernel being the core program running at all times. The document also discusses the organization of computer systems, including the role of CPUs and device controllers in managing hardware resources.

Uploaded by

2023239842
Copyright
© All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

CHAPTER

Introduction

what is an Operating System What Operating System Do


·
a program that acts as an intermediary between a user *
ease of use n good performances

of a computer and the computer hardware


L dont resource utilization
care about

* resource allocator a control program

OS goals : L efficient use of hardware

·
execute program n make solving problem easier L managing execution
*
·
make the computer system convenient to use dedicates system such workstation

I
·
use the computer hardware in an efficient manner shared from server

* for mobile device

Computer System Structure L optimized for usability


a battery life

4 components : L interfaces such touch screen

·
Hardware-provide basic computing resources *
run primarily wo user intervention

Lupu memory
, , 110 devices

·
Operating System -

control n coordinates use of hardware Defining Operating Systems


among applicationsa user Kernel -
the one program running at all times on the

·
Application program -
define ways in which the system computer

resources used to solve computing problem Type of Kernel

L word ·
System program
-

to run computer hardware n application


processor , compiler ,
web browsers ,

database
program
system ,
video games
·
user-people machine other computer
·
Application program - to perform specific tasks
, ,

Middleware-set of software frameworks that provide


User
additional services to application developers
1

application program

operating system
-

computer hardware
Computer System Organization
- CPUs device controllers connect
One or more , through common

bus providing access to shared


memory

- concurrent execution of CPU device


n competing memory cycles
& 110 n CPU can execute concurrently

- each device controller in charge particular device type


-
each device controller has a local buffer

- has device driver to it


manage
-
Cou more data MM & local buffers

- device controller informs (pu it has finished its operation

by causing interrupt

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