Introduction

Within a class, class officers like the president or secretary are commonly the ones who monitor the
classroom's attendance manually. Different methods like manual counting is commonly used. Due to this,
mistakes occurred almost daily and it adds up to the workload of the students. With the proposal of
having a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) monitoring system, we aim to address the concerns and
shortcomings of manual monitoring of the attendance.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically identify
and track tags attached to people, animals, and objects. RFID scanner is a tool that reads data or
information on tags of RFID via use of radio frequency signals. It runs by activating the RFID tags with
radio waves which transfers the stored information to the scanner. It allows for a quicker and more
accurate identification without directly seeing it. RFID scanner in schools is widely used for tracking
student attendance, making payments, and checking out library books.

IDs are important for the school and the students because it helps to prevent any unauthorized access
to school facility and it allows any school staffs to recognize their students. Manual listing of attendance
is common at schools. It can be consider the traditional way to monitor the classroom's attendance but,
disadvantages are always present with this method. First, manual listing is more time-consuming
compared automatic listing. Second, human error occurs which results into inaccurate number of students
within a class, Third, manual listing use papers to record and accidents happens wherein the paper can be
torn apart, or get wet. In addition, organizing attendance sheets can be hard for the students even with the
teachers. In accordance to Organ (2024), manual listing disrupts the learning of the students due to the
time spend on listing the attendance rather on studying, thus, disrupting the entire learning environment.

With AxeID, we aim to address the aforementioned concerns. AxeID automates the recording of the
students' attendance using an RFID-enabled ID Cards. Every student will be issued with an RFID-tagged
ID. When tapped, an RFID reader will log in their presence in real-time. The data is then stored in a
centralized database where teachers and school administrators can generate reports and monitor
attendance records. AxeID scans RFID cards for attendance reasons. It also uses ESP32 to process and
store data. With the help of AxeID, recording attendance can be quicker, more accurate, and effective.
This enhancement can result into a more advanced system that can adapt to the modern day as well as
making the workload less for the students or the teachers.
Theoretioal Framework

CONCEPTS DESCRIPTIONS
System A set of interacting components forming a whole
system.
Input Resources that enters the system (data,
information, etc.)
Process Turning the input into output.
Output The result of the process from the input.
Feedback The information that came from the output.

FIGURE 1.

CORE CONCEPTS OF GENERAL SYSTEM THEORY

This theory is anchored by Lugwig Von Bertalanffy in between 1940s to 1950s, the General Systems
Theory (GST). According to Bertalanffy (1968), "General Systems Theory is a general science of
'wholeness'. Which attempts to derive principles applicable to systems in general, irrespective of the
nature of the system's components". This theory is a framework that perceived systems as a whole made
up of interdependent parts. It brings a way to understand how a parts of the system function and interact
with each other, rather than in isolation. This theory conceptualizes many things such as systems as an
interconnected elements that is working together for a common goal. There is also the subsystems that
functions individually and contributes generally. As well as the system components' interdependence
wherein one component affects the system as a whole. With that being said, the system can be compared
to school and every parts of the school is its subsystem.

The General Systems Theory is the foundation of the study because it provides a helpful framework
model and more related structure to school and its parts. It explains the importance of the function of each
components with one another and also with the system as a whole. With all of these being said, our study
about developing a product about RFID Monitoring System (AxeID) can change how school components
(ei. School Admin., Teachers, Students, Attendance, and Security) would function and interact with each
other. It may pave the way towards a more advanced and accessible monitoring system within the
classrooms. This theory's connection with our study and product is the implementation of a new
component and the changes and improvements it'll bring with the other parts of the system or the school.
With this, we
aim to improve the monitoring system of the students' attendance in a class. It may bring a more advanced
and easier attendance monitoring that may make the students and teachers' workload less.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. What is the demographic 1. The Researchers gets

profile of the respondents in an approval form of
terms of: request to conduct
survey and validation
1.1 Age,
and evaluation of
1.2 Sex, and survey questionnaire.

1.3 Grade level

2. What is the level of 2. Distribute the
effectiveness of RFID questionnaire to the
monitoring system in terms respondents through
of: google form.

2.1 Accuracy in recording 3. Collection of the

of attendance. questionnaire.
2.2 Efficiency and time
management. 4. Data analysis of the
respondents’
2.3 Data management and answers.
monitoring.
5. Interpretation of the
data.

Expected Output:
AxeID: RFID-Based
Monitoring System
 FIGURE 2.
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to develop and assess the effectiveness of an RFID-Based Attendance Monitoring
System in enhancing the accuracy, efficiency, and management of attendance records among Senior High
School ICT students of Nagpayong High School. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of:

1.1 Age,

1.2 Sex, and

1.3 Grade level

2 What is the level of effectiveness of RFID monitoring system in terms of:

2.1 Accuracy of attendance recording

2.2 Efficiency and time management

2.3 Data management and monitoring

3. Is there a significant relationship between the utilization of the RFID-Based Attendance Monitoring
System and the improvement in the accuracy and efficiency of attendance monitoring among Senior High
School ICT students?

4. Based on the results of the study, what RFID-Based Attendance Monitoring System can be proposed
to enhance the attendance management and monitoring of Senior High School ICT students of
Nagpayong High School?

Scope and Limitation

This study aims to assess the effectiveness of AxeID: An RFID monitoring system for class
attendance. The study will be tested on Grade 12-ICT students within the Nagpayong High School at
Nagpayong, Pinagbuhatan, Pasig City. It will analyze common problems that they encountered with
manual listing and how it affects them. This paper aims to enhance the overall workload for recording
class attenance to make things more convenient for both students and teachers. Data collection will be
conducted through online google form survey.

Significance of the Study

This study focuses on developing an RFID-Based Attendance Monitoring System for the Senior High
School ICT students of Nagpayong High School. Through this system, the research hopes to bring
practical improvements to the way attendance is tracked and managed. The results of the study will be
helpful to the following:

Students. They will benefit from a faster and more accurate way of recording their attendance. With this
system in place, they can be more mindful of their punctuality and attendance habits, which can positively
impact their performance and discipline in school.
Teachers. For teachers and advisers, this system will help lessen the time and effort spent on manually
checking attendance. It will also allow them to spot students who may need extra support due to frequent
absences or tardiness, giving them a chance to intervene early and provide guidance.

School Administrators. School administrators will find the system useful in maintaining accurate and
organized attendance records. It can also support better decision-making when it comes to school policies
and student management, thanks to reliable data that can be easily accessed.

Parents. Parents can feel more at ease knowing that the school has a system that closely monitors their
children’s attendance. This can help strengthen the connection between home and school, as parents stay
informed and involved in their child’s academic journey.

Future Researchers. This study can serve as a helpful reference for future researchers who are interested
in creating or improving attendance systems using RFID or similar technologies. It offers a solid starting
point for exploring how technology can improve school operations and student engagement.

Definition of Terms
For further understanding, the following terminologies are defined;

Attendance. It has to do with being present at something, like work or school. If you never miss a day,
you have perfect attendance.

ESP32. It is a low-cost, low-power system on a chip (SoC) with integrated Wi-Fi and Bluetooth
capabilities, primarily used in Internet of Things (IoT) and embedded systems.

Human Error. An unintentional action or omission by a human that leads to an undesirable outcome or a
failure to achieve a desired goal.

ID. A short for identification, is an official document that proves who you are. It typically includes your
name, date of birth, photograph, and other identifying information

Learning Environment. It encompasses the physical, social, emotional, and instructional conditions in
which learning takes place.

Radio Frequency. It is the oscillation rate of an alternating electric current or voltage or of a magnetic,
electric or electromagnetic field or mechanical system in the frequency [1] range from around 20 kHz to
around 300 GHz. +
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). It is a technology that uses radio waves to automatically
identify and track tags attached to people, animals, and objects

RFID Tags. It is small electronic devices that use radio waves to identify and track objects or people

Unauthorized. It is defined as not having official permission or approval.

Workload. The amount of work to be done by someone or something.