DRUG

Drugs are the substances, which in small doses reduce pain or cure illness. Drugs produce strong psychological and
physiological changes in mind and body.

TOLERANCE

Physical adaptation of the body in which, to have same effect of a drug, increased dose is required

ADDICTION

Refers to a condition in which there is a periodic long term requirement of a repeated dose of a particular
chemical/drug.

Addict means a person who has dependence on any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance.

DRUGS-THEIR USE

• treatment • recreation • reduces stress & strain • effects of pain and pleasure are felt at the same part of the brain. •
use of drugs for recreation, pleasure and to reduce stress and strain leads to addiction

WHEN DRUG DEPLETES IN BODY OF AN ADDICT?

PSYCHOLOGICAL SYNDROME

Restlessness, Uneasiness, Anxiety, Panic, Aggressive behavior, Depression, Delirium and Suicidal tendencies.

PHYSIOLOGICAL SYNDROME

Nausea, Vomiting, Sweating, Pain in abdomen, Muscular cramps, Convulsions and Death

KINDS OF DRUGS (BASED ON EFFECTS)

• NARCOTICS

• DEPRESSANTS

• STIMULANTS

• HALLUCINOGENS

NARCOTICS

Greek word NARKOTIKOS – means Lethargy, sluggishness or stupor

 Legal - drugs altering state of consciousness with high abuse potential

 Pharmacology - drugs producing analgesic and sedative effects

 Prescribed as pain killers, cough suppressants and for treatment of diarrhea

 well known narcotics - OPIUM, HEROIN, ETORPHINE, DEPRENORPHINE, FENTANYLS, PETHIDINE, METHADONE

NARCOTICS PRODUCE PAIN KILLING AND SLEEP INDUCING EFFECTS

* OPIUM (MORPHINE & CODEINE)

* HEROIN

* HYDROMORPHINE (DILAUDID) (5 times more potent than morphine)

* ETORPHINE (M-99) (1000 times more potent than morphine)

* DIPRENORPHINE (M50-50) ANTAGONIST FOR ETORPHINE

* PETHIDINE

* METHADONE (24 hour effect) USED IN DE-ADDICTION TREATMENT

NARCOTIC ANTAGONISTS

• TO REVERSE THE EFFECT OF NARCOTICS

* NALORPHINE (NALLINE)

* PENTAZOCINE (TALWIN)

HEROIN
SYNONYMS: heroin no 1 to 4 diacetylmorphine, diamorphine, dam, smack, black tar, horse, rock, brown sugar, hong
kong rocks & h.

ADULTERANTS: Methaqualone, Ephedrine, Diazepam, Librium, Caffeine, Serepax (Oxazepam), Procaine, Cocaine,
Chloroquine, Phenobarbital, Pentazocine, Methadone, Strychnine, Lizard powder.

DILUENTS: Narcotine, N-Phenyl-2-naphthylamine, Paracetamol, Aspirin, Nicotinamide, Phenolphthalein, Sugar, Glucose,

Lactose, Chicken Masala, Lead salts.

OPIUM/MORPHINE/HEROIN (PAIN KILLER, COUGH SUPPRESSANT & TREATMENT OF DIARRHEA)

physical effects:

small dose- * person looks normal * reduced vision * drowsiness * reduced physical activity * apathy * constipation

over dose- * deep sleep * shallow breathing * coma * cold and clammy skin * convulsions * death

mental effects:

* pain signals not reach the brain * euphoria * quiet, suppressed and pleasant look

abrupt cease withdrawal symptoms:

* anxiety and restlessness * watery eyes,running nose,loss of appetite * stomach cramps * goose flesh * muscle spasms
with limited dose no physical damage to brain
OPIUM
ADULTERANTS: * Strychnine (Nux vomica) – stiffening of muscles * Arsenic Oxide – cumulative poison * Old GUR *
Berberine /Rasaunt * Juice of Aloe-Vera

DEPRESSANTS
• Inhibit transmission of neurological signals to CNS. • Suppress perception of senses, motor coordination and
functioning of internal organs. • Prescribed for treatment of insomnia, anxiety and tension. • Overdoses produce
symptoms similar to heavydrunkenness. • Being synthetic - precursor for designer drugs.

* ALCOHOL (LIQUOR) * CHLORAL * BARBITURATES (seconal, phenobarbital, luminal) * METHAQUALONE (mandrax,

quaalude, m/l,l ) * BENZODIAZEPINES LIBRIUM, VALIUM (diazepam), SERAX (oxazepam), RESTORIL (temazepam),
DALMANE (flurazepam).

ALCOHOL
ABSORPTION

•About 20% immediately •Rest within half an hour to two hrs. •Factors – tolerance, health, food, concentration
•Uniform distribution in the body •Equilibrium in ½ - 2 hrs. If drinking is stopped. •During drinking ethanol conc. More
in arteries than in veins. •Body fluids – blood, urine, breath, saliva, perspiration, spinal cord fluid, brain fluid, eye balls
(vitreous humour?)

ELIMINATION

•Starts immediately •90% metabolites through liver •Rest eliminated through lungs, sweat pores and urine •10 ml.
ethanol / hr. •Rate of Elimination in urine, breath, saliva, perspiration depends on conc. of ethanol •Ethanol---Enzyme
dehydrogenase, cytochrome P450 enzyme and catalase --- acetaldehyde--Acetyl dehydrogenase acetate / Acetyl Co-
Enzyme--CO2+ H2O

LEGAL LIMITS

• 30mg per 100 ml blood • In Kerala zero tolerance limit

EFFECTS (Narcotic/hypnotic/depressant)

1. Euphoria: •Inhibitory cells of brain regulating conduct, judgment and self-criticism dulled to produce lack of
proper self- control • A sense of Wellbeing •Increased confidence •Less restricted speech •Carefree attitude
•Temporary relief from fatigue, pain and depression
2. Muscular in coordination: • Inherent tendency to become hilarious, morose, irritable • Neuro Muscular inco-
ordination • Slurred speech • Staggering gait
3. Respiratory paralysis: • Complete in-coordination of muscles • Stertorous breathing • Sleep • Coma • Death •
Fatal dose 0.2-0.5 l absolute alcohol

STIMULANTS
• Stimulates neurological activity of CNS making a person more wakeful, active and strong.
• Most potent drugs in this category are; Amphetamine and Cocaine

*COCAINE *AMPHETAMINES AMPHETAMINE (BENZEDRINE) DEXTROMETHAMPHETAMINE (DEXEDRINE)

METHAMPHETAMINE (DESOXYN) *METHYLPHENIDATE (RITALIN) *PHENMETRAZINE (PRELUDIN)

COCAINE
SYNONYMS: snow, toot, cake, happy dust, bazooka, crack, mister coffee, flake, shit, coca, nutten diesel, kobs.

EFFECTS:

PHYSICAL EFFECTS- Numbs Part of Body Coming in Contact

PSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS- Wakeful, Alert, Energetic & Cheerful

WITHDRAWAL SYMPTOMS- Depression, Hallucination, Psychosis, Weariness, Cheerless & Amnesia.

ILL EFFECTS- * Chronic sore throat * Inflamed sinus * Irritable * Short temper * Suspiciousness * Severe psychiatric
problem

DOSE EFFECT- * with limited dose person becomes more wakeful * with large dose disorders in brain precipitates
causing schizophrenia. May also switch epilepsy, heart attack & brain hemorrhage * Persons lacking enzymes to
breakdown cocaine may die * Impurities in cocaine cause allergic reactions

HALLUCINOGENS Cause sensory illusions

• Cannabis • Peyote Cactus • Mushroom • LSD • Phencyclidine (PCP)

CANNABIS
synonyms:

• marijuana, marihuana,bhang,sidhi, sabji, patti, majun, hemp, weed, tea, grass, pot, joint sticks, thai sticks,
buddha sticks, kif, khif, blow, draw, mary jone, acapulco gold, sensemilla, sensi, red seal, reefer.
• charas, hashish.
• cannabis oil, red oil, honey oil, hash oil

EFFFECTS:

PHYSICAL EFFECTS- • Reddening of eyes • Dry mouth • Increased appetite

MENTAL EFFECTS- * Immediate hallucinogenic effect i.e. intoxication, floating in space (dreamy sense), expansion of
mind, carefree attitude * Intoxication depends upon dose, social culture, individual characteristics & environment *
Perception of senses distorted * Panic & fear grips * In company of others- talkative * Alone-drowsy & calm * Ability to
do tasks needing attention, fine judgement, prolonged & complicated nature, sensitive & co-ordination is impaired e.g.
Driving

MEDICAL EFFECTS- * Structural changes in brain cells * Short term memory fails * Continuous smoking induces
impotency

DEPENDENCE- * Moderate based on appreciation of the effects

LSD
synonyms: L.S.D., lysergic acid diethylamide, acid dots, trips, morning glory, pink jesus, pink dots, chief purple, wedges.

DRUGS AND CRIME

* addiction provides motive for crime * addicts need drugs which will be available from illegal sources * drugs are costly
and forces the addicts to get money by illegal means * in drug trade there is plenty of money

ADDICT
• addict himself - he may carry needle marks on his hands, arms, thighs, legs. • saliva, stomach wash, urine , sweat ,
hair ,blood of the addict. • cigarettes, smelling salt, medicine, sweetmeats, pipe, tobacco pouch , lighter , bottle can be
recovered from the possession of the addict . • gum, adhesives, books, notebooks, pen , pencils , powder , cream ,
cosmetics etc.

IDENTIFICATION OF THE ADDICT

• drug on the person • possession of paraphernalia used for smoking, injection of drugs • needle pricks • scars caused
by needle pricks • presence of abscess over the veins • drug in body • symptoms in absence of alcohol intoxication *
pupils-dilated or contracted * unsteady gait * incoherent speech * loose mental process * vacant look * drowsiness *
itching * tendency to laugh/weep at trivials

• withdrawal symptoms • nalline test positive indicates opiate addict • urine test • changes in behavior

collection of evidence
• advice * take help of expert * do not taste, smell or smoke suspected drug * handling & packing correct * never
depend upon field tests only

• source of evidence * addict * habitat of addict * peddlers

habitat of addict
• drug - pure or mixed • paraphernalia to take drug like smoking pipe , injection needles , utensils to cook the drug. •
leavings of the drug i. e.. drug sticking to paper packs , polythene bags , bottles/containers , scattered drug particles . •
equipment used to modify the drug. • hiding for drug - secret chambers , almirahs , boxes , overhead tanks or reservoirs
of flushes .

peddlers
• fake sides and bottoms of briefcases, suitcases, trunks or boxes etc... • courier or postal services • hidden drugs in
export materials like spices, chilies, cotton/textile bails, pickle, other chemicals. • dash boards, recesses, seats, tool
boxes, tyres and tubes of vehicles . • shoes and clothes • body packers

laboratory support
• ensures the proper handling and security of physical drug evidence • analyses (qualitatively & quanitatively) drug
evidence • provides expert testimony in courts of law • provides field assistance to investigators • assist in training law
enforcement personnel

SAMPLING PROCEDURE Standing order No.1/89, New Delhi 13th June, 1989. Deptt. Of Revenue, Ministry of Finance.
• Drugs to be properly classified and weighed • Based on size , weight, identical markings & contents giving identical
results on colour tests indicate packages to be identical • Packages to be numbered & kept in lots for sampling •
Identical packages to be bunched in lots of 10 each except 40 for ganja and hashish • One more sample in duplicate to
be drawn from remainders 5 or more except 20 or more in case of ganja and hashish.. • Samples to be drawn in
duplicate from each package.

SAMPLING METHOD (NCB – INDIA)

• About 5gm of each NDPS sample save 24 gm for opium, ganja and charas • Representative sample in equal quantity
from all samples of a lot to be mixed to make a composite whole for taking a sample in duplicate from that lot. •
Samples in duplicate to be kept in heat sealed plastic bags bearing all details. • Sampling procedure for a large number
of samples is different from UNIDCP manual used world wide. • Order is silent regarding method to draw representative
sample from single package. • Order is silent for sampling packages containing less than 24 gm. Opium/Ganja /Charas
and less

SAMPLING OF POWDERED DRUGS

• Take polythene bag of enough larger size • Transfer sample to bag & shake to homogenise • Break lumps with a little
pressure • Pour sample on a flat sheet to make a cone • Flatten & quarter the cone • Take sample from alternative
quarters

DEFINITIONS
1. ADDICT: a person who has dependence on any narcotic drug or psychotropic substances.
2. BOARD: the Central Board of Excise and Customs constituted under the Central Boards of Revenue Act, 1963.
3. CANNABIS:
CHARAS: the separated resin, in whatever form, whether crude or purified, obtained from the cannabis plant
GANJA: the flowering or fruiting tops of the cannabis plant (excluding the seeds and leaves when not
accompanied by the tops)
HASHISH OIL: concentrated preparation and resin known as hashish oil or liquid hashish
CANNABIS PLANT: any plant of the genus cannabis
4. COCA DERIVATIVE:
(I) crude cocaine, that is, any extract of coca leaf which can be used, directly or indirectly, for the
manufacture of cocaine
(II) ecgonine and all the derivatives of ecgonine from which it can be recovered
(III) cocaine, that is, methyl ester of benzoyl-ecgonine and its salts; and
(IV) all preparations containing more than 0.1 Per cent' of cocaine
5. COCA LEAF:
(I) The leaf of the coca plant except of a leaf from which all ecgonine, cocaine and any other ecgonine
alkaloids have been removed
(II) any mixture thereof with or without any neutral material
6. COCA PLANT: the plant of any species of the genus Erythroxylon
7. CONTROLLED SUBSTANCE: any substance which the Central Government may, having regard to the available
information as to its possible use in the production or manufacture of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances
or to the provisions of any International convention, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare to be a
controlled substance.
8. ILLICIT TRAFFIC: in relation to narcotic drugs and Psychotropic substances means
(I)
cultivating any coca plant or gathering any portion of coca plant;
(II) cultivating the opium poppy/or any cannabis plant
(III) engaging in the production, manufacture, possession, sale, purchase, transportation, warehousing,
concealment, use or consumption, import inter-State, export inter-State, import into India, export from
India or transhipment, of narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances;
(IV) Dealing in any activities in narcotic drugs or psychotropic substances other than those referred to in sub-
clauses (i) to (iii); or
(V) handling or letting out anv premises for the carrying on of any of the activities referred to in sub-clauses
(i) to (iv)
9. MANUFACTURED DRUG:
(I) all coca derivatives, medicinal cannabis, opium derivatives and poppy straw concentrate
(II) any other narcotic substance or preparation which the Central Government may, having regard to the
available information as to its nature or to a decision, if any, under any international Convention, by
notification in the Official Gazette, declare to be a manufactured drug
10. NARCOTIC DRUG: means coca leaf, cannabis (hemp), opium, poppy straw and includes all manufactured goods.
 11. PSYCHOTROPIC SUBSTANCE: any substance, natural or synthetic, or any natural material or any salt or
preparation of such substance or material included in the list of psychotropic substances specified in the
Schedule;
12. OPIUM:
(I) the coagulated juice of the opium poppy
(II) any mixture, with or without any- neutral material, of the coagulated juice of the opium poppy
13. OPIUM DERIVATIVE:
(I) medicinal opium, that is, opium which has undergone the processes necessary to adapt it for medicinal
use in accordance with the requirements of the Indian Pharmacopoeia or any other pharmacopoeia
notified in this behalf by the Central Government, whether in powder form or granulated or otherwise
or mixed with neutral materials
(II) prepared opium, that is, any product of opium by any series of operations designed to transform opium
into an extract suitable for smoking and the dross or other residue remaining after opium is smoked
(III) phenanthrene alkaloids, namely, morphine, codeine, thebaine and their salts
(IV) diacetylmorphine, that is, the alkaloid also known as diamorphine or heroin and its salts
(V) all preparations containing more than 0.2 per cent of morphine or containing any diacetylmorphine
14. OPIUM POPPY:
(I) the plant of the species Papaver somniferum L.;
(II) the plant of any other species of Papaver from which opium or any phenanthrene alkaloid can be
extracted and which the Central Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, declare to be
opium poppy for the purposes of this Act
15. POPPY STRAW: all parts (except the seeds) of the opium poppy after harvesting whether in their original form or
cut, crushed or powdered and whether or not juice has been extracted therefrom
16. POPPY STRAW CONCENTRATE: the material arising when poppy straw has entered into a process for the
concentration of its alkaloids.

NDPS ACT
CHAPTER-3 PROHIBITION, CONTROL AND REGULATION

8. Prohibition of certain operation

-No person shall

(a) cultivate any coca plant or gather any portion of coca plant; or

(b) cultivate the opium poppy or any cannabis plant, or

(c) produce, manufacture, possess, sell, purchase, transport, warehouse, use, consume, import inter-State, export inter-
State, import into India, export from India or tranship any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance

9. Power of 'Central- Government to permit, control and regulate'

[9A. Power to control and regulate controlled substances

(1) If the Central Government is of the opinion that, having regard to the use of any controlled substance in the
production or manufacture of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance, it is necessary or expedient so to do in the
public interest, it may, by order, provide for regulating or prohibiting the production, manufacture, supply and
distribution thereof and trade and commerce therein.
(2) Without prejudice to the generality of the power conferred by sub-section (1), an order made thereunder may
provide for regulating by license permits or otherwise, the production manufacture, possession transport, import inter-
State, export inter-State, sale, purchase, consumption/ use, storage, distribution, disposal or acquisition of any
controlled substance.

10. Power of State Government to permit, control and regulate

(1) Subject to the provisions of section 8, the State Government may, by rules-

(a) Permit and regulate

(i) the possession, transport, import inter-State, export inter-State, warehousing sale, purchase, consumption and use of
poppy straw [except poppy straw produced from plants from which no juice has been extracted through lancing];

(ii) the possession, transport, import inter-State, export inter-State, sale, purchase, consumption and use of opium;

(iii) the cultivation of any cannabis plant, production, manufacture, possession, transport, import inter-State, export
inter-State, sale, purchase consumption or use of cannabis (excluding charas);

(iv) the manufacture of medicinal opium or any preparation containing any manufactured drug from materials which the
maker is lawfully entitled to possess;

(v) the possession, transport, purchase, sale, import inter-State, export inter-State, use or consumption of
[manufactured drugs (other than prepared opium and essential narcotic drugs)] and of coca leaf and any preparation
containing any manufactured drug,

(vi) the manufacture and possession of prepared opium from opium lawfully possessed by an addict registered with the
State Government on medical advice for his personal consumption:

(b) prescribe any other matter requisite to render effective the control of the State Government over any of the matters
specified in clause (a)

(2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such rules may-

(a) empower the State Government to declare any place to be warehouse wherein it shall be the duty of the owners to
deposit all such poppy straw as is legally imported inter-State and is intended for export' inter-State or export from
India; to regulate the safe custody of such poppy straw warehoused and the removal of such poppy straw for sale or
export inter-State or export from India; to levy fees for such warehousing and to prescribe the manner in which and the
period after which the poppy straw warehoused shall be disposed of in default of payment of fees;

(b) provide that the limits within which, licenses may be. given for the cultivation of any cannabis plant shall be fixed
from time to time by or under the orders of the State Government;

(c) provide that only the cultivators licensed by the prescribed authority of the State Government shall be authorised to
engage in cultivation of anv cannabis Plant;

(d) require that all-cannabis, the produce of land cultivated with ' ' cannabis plant, shall be delivered-by the cultivators
to the officers of the State Government authorised in this behalf;

(e) empower the Stale Government to fix from time to time, the price to be paid to the cultivators for the cannabis
delivered;
(f) prescribe the forms and conditions of licences or permits for the purposes specified in sub-clauses (i) to (vi) of clause
(a) of sub-section (1) and the authorities by which such licences- or permits may be granted and the fees that may be
charged therefor.

11. Narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, etc., not liable to distress or attachment.-

Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in any law or contract, no narcotic drug, psychotropic substance,
coca plant, the opium poppy or cannabis plant shall be liable to be distrained or attached by any person for the recovery
of any money under any order or decree of any court or authority or otherwise.

12. Restrictions over external dealings in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.-

No person shall engage in or control any trade whereby a narcotic drug or psychotropic substance Is -obtained outside
India and supplied to any person outside India save with the previous authorization of the Central government and
subject to such conditions as may be imposed by that Government in this behalf.

14. Special provision relating to cannabis-

Notwithstanding anything contained in section 8, Government may, by general or special order and subject to such
conditions as may be specified in such order, allow cultivation of any cannabis plant for industrial purposes only of
obtaining fibre or seed or for horticultural Purposes.

CHAPTER-4 OFFENCES AND PENALTIES

15. Punishment for contravention in relation to poppy straw

Whoever, in contravention of any provisions of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of a licence granted
thereunder, produces, possesses, transports, imports inter-State, exports inter-State, sells, purchases, uses or omits to
warehouse poppy straw or removes or does any act in respect of warehoused poppy straw shall be punishable,

(a) where the contravention involves small quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to [one
year], or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees oi with both; or

(b) where the contravention involves quantity lesser than commercial quantity but, greater than small quantity, with
rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years and with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees; or

(c) where the contravention involves commercial quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less
than ten years but which may extend to twenty years and shall also be liable to fine which shall not be less than one lakh
rupees but which may extend to two lakh rupees:

16. Punishment for contravention in relation to coca plant and coca leaves.

-Whoever, in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of licence granted
thereunder, cultivates any coca plant or gathers any portion of a coca plant or produces, possesses, sells, purchases,
transports, imports inter-State, exports inter-State or uses coca leaves shall be punishable with rigorous imprisonment
for a term which may extend to ten years, or with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees.

17. Punishment for contravention in relation to prepared opium

Whoever, in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of licence granted
thereunder, manufactures, possesses, sells, purchases, transports, imports inter-State, exports inter-State or uses
prepared opium shall be punishable,

(a) where the contravention involves small quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to one
year, or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees or with both; or

(b) where the contravention involves quantity lesser than commercial quantity but greater than small quantity, with
rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years and with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees; or

(c) where the contravention involves commercial quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less
than ten years but which may extend to twenty years and shall also be liable to fine which shall not be less than one lakh
rupees but which may extend to two lakh rupees:

20. Punishment for contravention in relation to cannabis plant and cannabis

Whoever, in contravention of any provisions of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of licence granted
thereunder,-

(a) cultivates any cannabis plant or

(b) produces, manufactures, possesses, sells, purchases, transports, imports inter-state, exports inter-state or uses
cannabis, shall be punishable
(i) Where such contravention relates to clause (a) with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend
to ten years and shall also be liable to fine which may extend to one lakh rupees and

21. Punishment for contravention in relation to manufactured drugs and preparations

whoever, in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of licence granted
thereunder, manufactures, possesses, sells, purchases, transports, imports inter-State, exports inter-State or uses any
manufactured drug or any preparation containing any manufactured drug shall be punishable,

(a) where the contravention involves small quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to [one
year], or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees, or with both;

(b) where the contravention involves quantity, lesser than commercial quantity but greater than small quantity, with
rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years and with fine which may extend to one lakh rupees;

(c) where the contravention involves commercial quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less
than ten years but which may extend to twenty years and shall also be liable to fine which shalt not be less than one
lakh rupees but which may extend to two lakh rupees:

23. Punishment for illegal import in to India, export from India or transshipment of narcotic drugs and psychotropic
substances

Whoever, in contravention of any provision of this Act or any rule or order made or condition of licence or permit
granted or certificate or authorisation issued thereunder, imports into India or exports from India or tranships any
narcotic drug or psychotropic substance shall be punishable,

(a) where the contravention involves small quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to [one
year], or with fine, which may extend to ten thousand rupees or with both;

(b) where the contravention involves quantity lesser than commercial quantity but greater than small quantity, with
rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, and with fine; which may extend to one lakh rupees;
(c) where the contravention involves commercial quantity, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which shall not be less
than ten years but which may extend to twenty years and shall also be liable to fine which shall not be less than one lakh
rupees but which may extend to two lakh rupees:

26. Punishment for certain acts by licensee or his servants

If the holder of any licence, permit or authorisation granted under this Act or any rule or order made thereunder or any
person in his employ and acting on his behalf

(a) omits, without any reasonable cause, to maintain accounts or to submit any return in accordance with the provisions
of this Act, or any rule made thereunder;

(b) fails to produce without any reasonable cause such licence, permit or authorisation on demand of any officer
authorised by the Central Government or State Government in this behalf;

(c) keeps any accounts or makes any statement which is false or which he knows or has reasons to believe to be
incorrect or

(d) wilfully and knowingly does any act in breach of any of the conditions of licence, permit or authorisation for which a
penalty is not prescribed elsewhere in this Act,

he shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three years or with fine or with both

27. Punishment for consumption of any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance

Whoever, consumes any narcotic drug or psychotropic substance shall be punishable,

(a) where the narcotic drug or psychotropic substance consumed is cocaine, morphine, diacetyl-morphine or any other
narcotic drug or any psychotropic substance as may be specified in this behalf by the Central Government by notification
in the Official Gazette, with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to one year, or with fine which may
extend to twenty thousand rupees; or with both; and

(b) where the narcotic drug or psychotropic substance consumed is other than those specified in or under clause (a),
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months or with fine which may extend to ten thousand rupees or
with b0oth.