1 BJECT : MATHEMAT!~~ TARGET snusus PGTRB Unit I Unit IL ALGEBRA Groups —Examples~ Cyclic Groups Permutation Groups~Lagrange’s theorem — Normal subgroups ~ Homomorphism —Cayley’s theorem — Cauchy's theorem — Sylow’s theorems — Finite Abelian Groups. \d — Ring Homomorphism — Ideals and Quotient Rings — Field of Quotients of Integral domains ~ Euclidean Rings ~ Polynomial Rings — Integral Domain — Rings ~ Unique factorization domain. Fields — Extension fields — Elements of Galois theory — Finite fields. Vector Spaces ~ Linear independence of Bases ~ Dual spaces ~ Inner product spaces — Linear transformations — Rank — Characteristic roots — Matrices — Canonical forms —Diagonal forms ~ Triangular forms ~ Nilpotent transformations ~ Jordan form — Quadratic forms and Classification — Hermitian, Unitary and Normal transformations. REAL ANALYSIS Elementary set theory ~ Finite, countable and uncountable sets ~ Real number system as a complete ordered ficld ~ Archimedean Property — Supremum, infimum, Sequences and Series ~ Convergence —limit supremum ~ limit infimum ‘The Bolzano ~ Weierstrass theorem ~ The Heine ~ Bore! Covering theorem — Continuity, Uniform Continuity, Differentiability ~The Mean Value theorem for derivatives ~ Sequences and Series of functions — Uniform convergence. Riemann — Stieltjes integral: Definition and existence of the integral properties of the integral ~ Integral and Differentaition ~ Integration of vector valued functions ~ Sequences and Series of functions: Uniform convergence ~ Continuity, Integration and Differentiation. Power series — Fourier series. Functions of several variables — Directional derivative — Partial derivative derivative as a linear transformation ~ The Inverse function theorem and ‘The Implicit function theorem.12 Unit HI Unit IV Unit V TOPOLOGY Topological spaces ~ Basis ~ The order Topology ~ The product Topology — The subspace Topology ~ Closed sets and limit points. Continuous functions ~ The box and product Topologies ~ The matrix Topology. Connected spaces ~ Connected subspaces of the real line - Components and local connectedness ~ compact spaces ~ Compact subspaces of the real line Limit point compactness ~ Local compactness. Countability and separation Axioms ~ Normal spaces ~ The Urysohn Lemma The Urysohn metrization theorem ~The Tietze extension theorem. COMPLEX ANALYSIS Introduction to the concept of analytic function: Limits and continuity — Analytic functions ~ Polynomials and rational functions — Elementary theory of power series ~ Maclaurin’s series ~ Uniform convergence ~ Power series and Abel's limit theorem — Analytic functions as mapping — Conformality arcs and Closed curves ~ Analytical functions in regions ~ Conformal mapping ~ Linear transformations ~ the linear group, the cross ratio and symmetry. Complex integration ~ Fundamental theorems - line integrals ~ rectifiable ares — line integrals as functions of ares — Cauchy's theorem for a rectangle ~ Cauchy's theorem in a Circular dise ~ Cauchy’s integral formula: The index of a point with respect to a closed curve ~ The integral formula — Higher derivatives ~ Local properties of Analytic functions and removable singularities ~ Taylor's theorem ~ Zeros and Poles ~ The local mapping ~ The maximum modulus Principle. FUNCTIONAL ANALYSIS Banach Spaces ~ Definition and examples—Holder’s inequality and Minkowski’s inequality — Continuous linear transformations — The Hahn-Banach theorem — Natural imbedding of X in X** — The Open mapping and The Closed graph theorem ~ Properties of conjugate of an operator. Hilbert spaces — Orthonormal bases — Conjugate space H* — Adjoint of an operator — Projections ~ Matrices ~ Basie operations of matrices ~ Determinant of a matrix — Determinant and Spectrum of an operator ~ Spectral theorem for operators on a finite dimensional Hilbert space — Regular and Singular elements ina Banach Algebra ~ Topological divisor of zero ~ Spectrum of an element in a Banach algebra ~The formula for the spectral radius — Radical and semi-simplicity.13 Unit VI Unit VII Unit VIII DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY Curves in spaces ~ Serret ~ Frenet formulae ~ Locus of centers of curvature — Spherical curvature ~ Intrinsic equations — Helices — Spherical Indicatrix Surfaces — Curves on a surface — Surface of revolution — Helicoids — Gaussian curvature ~First and Second fundamental forms Isometry ~ Meusnier’s theorem Euler’s theorem- lines of curvature ~ Dupin’s Indicatrix ~ Asymptotic lines ~ Edge of regression — Developable surfaces associated to a curve ~ Geodesies ~ Conjugate points on Geodesies. DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS Ordinary Differential Equations Linear differential equation with constant and variable co-efficients — Linear dependence and independence ~ Wronskian ~ Non homogeneous equations of order two and n ~ Initial value problems for nth order equations ~ Second order equations with ordinary point and regular singular points ~ Legendre Equations Bessel’s equation — Hermite’s equation and their properties ~ Existence and Uniqueness of solutions to first order equations ~ Exact equation ~ Lipschitz condition ~ Non local existence of Solution - Approximation to Uniqueness of solutions. Partial Differential Equations Lagrange and Charpit methods for solving first order Partial Differential equations ~ Classification of Second order partial differential equations ~ General solution of higher order partial differential equation with constant co-efficients Method of separation of variables for Laplace, Heat and Wave equations (upto two dimensions only). CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS Classical Mechanies Generalised Co-ordinates ~ Lagrange’s equations — Hamilton’s Canonical equations — Hamilton’s principle ~ Principle of least action ~ Canonical transformations ~ Differential forms and Generating functions ~ Lagrange and Poisson brackets. Numerical Analysis Numerical solutions of algebraic and transcendental equations — Method of iteration - Newton Raphson method — Rate of convergence ~ Solution of Linear algebraic equations using Gauss elimination and Gauss ~ Seidel methods. Finite differences — Lagrange, Hermite and Spline Interpolation, Numerical differentiation and integration — Numerical solutions of Ordinary differential equations using Picard, Euler, Modified Euler and Runge- Kutta methods14 Unit IX Unit X OPERATIONS RESEARCH Linear programming problem — Simplex Methods ~ Duality ~ Dual Simplex Method — Revised Simplex Method — Integer Programming Problem — Dynamic Programming — Non linear programming ~ Network Analysis — Directed Network ~ Max Flow Min Cut theorem — Queuing theory ~ Steady State solutions of M/M/1, M/M/I with limited waiting space, M/M/C, M/MIC with limited waiting space, M/G/I models — Inventory models ~ Deterministic models with and without shortages ~ Single Price break models PROBABILITY THEORY Sample space ~ Discrete Probability — Independent events ~ Baye’s theorem — Random variables and Distribution functions (Univariate and Multivariate) — Expectation and Moments ~ Moment Generating function — Characteristic functions and Cumulants — Independent Random variables — Marginal and conditional distributions~ Probability inequalities (Tehebyshev, Markov, Jensen)— Modes of convergence, Weak and Strong laws of large numbers ~ Central limit theorem (iid case). Probability distributions — Binomial, Poisson, Uniform, Normal, Exponential, Gamma, Beta, Cauchy distributions — Standard Errors — Sampling distributions oft, F and Chi square and their uses in tests of significanee ~ ANOVA ~ Large sample tests for mean and proportions. TARGET COACHING CENTRE MADURAI 9442044584