Class 4 Science Exam Paper
Uploaded by
tmgtulmanClass 4 Science Exam Paper
Uploaded by
tmgtulmanCommon questions
Powered by AIMatter exists in three primary states: solid, liquid, and gas. Solids have a fixed shape and volume, such as ice. Liquids have a defined volume but take the shape of their container, like water. Gases lack a definite shape or volume and expand to fill their container, such as air .
Pollination is critical for the sexual reproduction of plants, allowing for genetic diversity and the production of seeds and fruits. The honey bee is notably beneficial in this process because it efficiently transfers pollen from one flower to another as it collects nectar, thereby enhancing pollination success rates .
Respiration is vital because it enables organisms to convert glucose and oxygen into energy required for cellular functions, releasing carbon dioxide and water as byproducts. This energy powers essential bodily functions, allowing living beings to grow, reproduce, and maintain homeostasis .
During photosynthesis, plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen as a byproduct . This oxygen is essential for most life forms on Earth as it is used in cellular respiration. Thus, photosynthesis is crucial as it helps maintain atmospheric oxygen levels, supports life, and contributes to the global carbon cycle, mitigating climate change.
Liquids and gases are termed fluids because they have the ability to flow and adapt to the shape of their containers. This fluidity is due to the lack of fixed positions for particles, which can move freely past one another, unlike in solids .
Herbs are small, often aromatic plants with soft stems and minimal woody tissue. They are typically used for culinary, medicinal, and fragrant purposes. An example of an herb is basil, which is commonly used in cooking .
Nutrition involves obtaining materials necessary for energy production and growth. Autotrophs, such as plants, produce their own food through photosynthesis using sunlight, whereas heterotrophs, like animals, depend on consuming other organisms for energy. Autotrophs convert inorganic substance into organic, while heterotrophs rely on pre-existing organic compounds .
Condensation occurs when gas converts into a liquid upon cooling. This happens because the decrease in temperature reduces the kinetic energy of gas molecules, allowing them to come closer and form bonds as a liquid. An everyday example is the formation of dew on grass as water vapor in the air cools overnight .
The life cycle of a butterfly consists of four distinct stages: egg, larva (caterpillar), pupa (chrysalis), and adult (butterfly). After emerging from the egg, the caterpillar feeds and grows before forming a chrysalis. Within the chrysalis, it undergoes metamorphosis and emerges as an adult butterfly .
The change of state in matter occurs when a substance transitions from one state to another, like solid to liquid (melting) or liquid to gas (evaporation). Two factors that cause these changes are temperature and pressure. For instance, heating ice causes it to melt into water, and increasing pressure can cause gases to liquefy .