Relations and Functions: Concepts and Problems
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halfblue578Relations and Functions: Concepts and Problems
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halfblue578Chapter 1 Relations and Functions
Level 1
1. Let R ( x 2, x2 ) : x is a prime number less than 10 . Range of R is
a){0,1,3,5} b) {2,3,5,7} c) {0,1,9,25} d) None of these. Ans: d
2. Let R be a relation on set of natural numbers defined by {( x, y) : x, y N , 2 x y 4} , the R is :
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (c) Transitive (d) None of these Ans: c
3. Let R be a relation on set of whole numbers defined by {( x, y) : x, y W , 2x y 4} , the R is :
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (c) Transitive (d) None of these Ans: d
4. If A 5,0,3 , then number of relations on A is
a) 6 b) 14 c) 512 d) 3!. Ans: c
5. Let A {1, 2,3} and B {a, b, c} , and let f {(1, a),(2, b),( P, c)} be a function from A to B. For the function
f to be one one and onto, the value of P is:
a)1 b) 2 c) 3 d) 4
Ans: c
6. If f : R S , is defined by f ( x) sin x 3 cos x 1 , is onto, then interval S is :
(a) [1,3] (b) [1,1] (c) [0, 1] (d) [0, 3]
Ans: a
Assertion and Reason Questions:
In the following question, two statements are given, one labelled as Assertion (A) and other
labelled as Reason(R). Select the correct option from the following :
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion.
b) Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion.
c) A is true but R is false.
R is true but A is false.
7. Assertion (A): f : R R is a function defined by f ( x) sin x is a bijection.
Reason(R): If f is both one-one and onto, it is a bijection Ans: d
8. Assertion(A): The relation R x, y : x y is a prime number and x, y N is not a reflexive relation.
Reason(R) : The number ‘2n’
Ans: (c)
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9. Relation R in 𝑆 = {1, 2, 3} is defined as 𝑅 = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 2), (3, 3)}. Which element(s) of relation R be
removed to make R an equivalence relation? Ans : 1, 2
Ans : R 1,1 , 2, 23,3
10. Write the smallest equivalence relation on the set A = {1, 2, 3}.
11. Let R be the equivalence relation in the set Z of integers given by R = {(a, b): 2 divides a – b}. Write the
Ans : 0, 2, 4, 6,
equivalence class [0].
12. Let A = {0, 1, 2, 3} and define a relation R on A as follows: R = {(0, 0), (0, 1), (0, 3), (1, 0), (1, 1),
(2, 2), (3, 0), (3, 3)}. Is R reflexive? symmetric? transitive? Ans: Reflexive & Symmetric
13. Let f : , A be defined by f ( x) sin x. If f is a bijection, then write the set A. Ans : 1,1
2 2
14. Show that the fractional part function f : R R , given by f ( x) x x is neither one-one nor onto.
15. Check whether the function 𝑓: 𝑅 → 𝑅 defined as (𝑥) = 𝑥3 is one-one or not. Ans: It is one one
16. Which of the following functions from Z into Z are bijections?
(A) f (x) = x3 (B) f (x) = x + 2 (C) f (x) = 2x + 1 (D) f (x) = x2 1 Ans: B
x2
17. Let A = R – {3} and B = R – {1}. Consider the function f : A B defined by f x . Show that ‘f’ is
x3
one-one and onto.
18. Let A={1,2,3}. Write the number of equivalence relations on A containing (1,2). Ans: 2
19. Let A={1,2,3}. Find the number of relations on A containing (1,2) and(1,3) which are reflexive and
symmetric but not transitive. Ans: 1
20. Let f : R R be defined by f x x2 1 . Write the pre images of 17 and -3.
Ans: Pre Image of 17 are 4 and -4, pre image of -3 is ∅.
Level 2
x2 5
21. If a function f : R R is defined by f x , then f is
x2 4
a) One-one but not onto b) Onto but not one-one c) Neither one-one nor onto d) a bijection
Ans: c
1
22. If f x 4x3 3x2 3x 4 , then x 3 f is
x
2
1 1
(a) f ( x) b) c) f d) f x
f x x
Ans: d
23. Let P {( x, y) : x 2 y 2 1, x, y R} , then P is:
(a) Reflexive (b) Symmetric (c) Transitive (d) None of these
Ans: b
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24. Which of the following statement is not true about equivalence classes 𝐴𝑖 (𝑖 = 1,2, … . , 𝑛) formed by an
equivalence relation R defined on set A?
(a) ⋃𝑛𝑖=1 𝐴𝑖 = 𝐴
(b) 𝐴𝑖 ⋂𝐴𝑗 ≠ ø, 𝑖 ≠ 𝑗
(c) x 𝜖𝐴𝑖 and x 𝜖𝐴𝑗
(d) All elements of 𝐴𝑖 are related to each other, for all i. Ans: (c)
25. A relation R defined on set 𝐴 = {𝑥: 𝑥 𝜖 𝑍 𝑎𝑛𝑑 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 10} and R= {(x,y) : x = y } is given to be an
equivalence relation. The number of equivalence classes is :
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 10 (d) 11 Ans: (d)
26. An equivalence relation R in A divides it into equivalence classes 𝐴1, 𝐴2, 𝐴3. What is the value of 𝐴1∪𝐴2∪𝐴3
& 𝐴1 ∩ 𝐴2 ∩ 𝐴3? Ans: A&
27. Write the maximum number of equivalence relations on the set A = {1, 2, 3}. Ans: 5
28. If n(A) = m and n(B) = n. Then find the number of functions f : A B . Ans : nm
29. Find the number of one-one functions from A to B. If n(A) = m and n(B) = n.
Ans : No of one one functions from
n P , if n m
A to B m
0, if n m
30. Let A = {1, 2, 3, ... n} and B {a, b}. Then find the number of surjections from A into B. Ans : 2n 2
31. If n(A) = a and n(B) = b. Then find the condition between ‘a’ and ‘b’, so that function may be one-one.
Ans: b a
32. If the set A contains 5 elements and the set B contains 6 elements, then find the number of one – one and onto
mappings from A to B. Ans: 0
33. If n(A) = p and n(B) = q. Then find the number of bijective functions from A to B.
If p q then 0
Ans :
If p q then P
34. If n(A) = a and n(B) = b. Then find the condition between ‘a’ and ‘b’, so that function may be onto. Ans : a b
35. If set A has 3 elements and set B has 4 elements, then what is the number of surjective mappings from
A to B? Ans: 0
36. If set A has 4 elements and set B has 3 elements, then what is the number of injective mappings from
A to B? Ans: 0
37. For real numbers x and y, a relation R is defined as x R y iff x y 2 is an irrational number. Write whether
R is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Ans: Reflexive
38. For real numbers x and y, a relation R is defined as x R y iff x y 2 is an irrational number. Write whether
R is reflexive, symmetric or transitive. Ans: Reflexive
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39. Let Q be set of all rational number and R be the relation on Q defined by R {( x, y) :1 xy 0} . Prove that R
is reflexive, symmetric but not transitive.
x
40. Show that the function f : R → R defined by f (x) = , ∀ x ∈ R, is neither one – one nor onto.
x 1
2
41. Let N be the set of all natural numbers and R be the relation on N N defined by (a, b) R(c, d ) iff
ad (b c) bc(a d ) for all a, b, c, d N. Show that R is an equivalence relation.
42. Let A = {1, 2, 3,…9} and R be the relation in A ×A defined by (a, b) R (c, d) if a + d = b + c for (a, b), (c, d)
in A ×A. Prove that R is an equivalence relation and also obtain the equivalence class [(2, 5)].
Ans : 1,4 , 2,5 , 3,6 , 4,7 , 5,8 , 6,9
43. A relation R in the set of real numbers R defined as 𝑅 = {(𝑎, 𝑏): √𝑎 = 𝑏} is a function or not. Justify.
Ans: Not a function.
44. Let A {x R : 1 x 1} B. Show that f : A B given by f (x) x x is a bijection.
45. Let the relation R be defined on the set A={1,2,3,4,5} by R a, b : a 2
b 2 8 . Then write the set R.
Ans: R={(1,1),(1,2),(2,1),(2,2),(2,3),(3,2),(3,3),(3,4),(4,3), (4,4),(5,5)}
46. If A = {1,2} and B = {a,b,c}.
a) If f : A B , then find the number of one-one functions.
b) If f : B A , then find the number of onto functions. Ans: a) 6 b) 6
1 1
47. Let f : R R be defined by f x . Then find the range of f. Ans: ,1
2 cos x 3
48. Let R be the set of all real numbers and R be the relation on R defined by R a, b : a b . Show that R is
neither reflexive nor symmetric but transitive.
Level 3
49. Let f : R R be defined by f x x x 2 . Check for bijection. Ans: Neither one one nor onto.
x
50. Show that the function f : R → 1,1 defined by f (x) = , ∀ x ∈ R, is bijective.
1 x
Ans : 1,1
sin x cos x
51. If f x then find the range of f(x).
1 tan 2 x 1 cot 2 x
Case Study
52. Mr. Boscowants to arrange a dance party. For that he invites some Boys and Girls. Answer the following
questions:
a) If number of boys are 10 and number of girls are 12, in how many ways can each boy choose his
dancing partner (assuming a couple dance only).
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b) If number of boys are 10 and number of girls are 12, in how many ways can each girl choose her
dancing partner (assuming every girl dance and with exactly one boy).
c) Due to some reasons two girls have to leave the party now in how many ways can a couple dance be
arranged.
Ans : a) 12 P10 b) Nil c) 10
Page 5 of 66
Chapter 2 Inverse Trigonometric Functions
Level 1
1. The domain of the function cos 1 1 x is
a) [-1,1] b) (,1] c) [0,1] d)None of these
Ans: c
2. sin1 sin x x is true when x
a) R b) 0, c) , d) 1,1
2 2
Ans: c
3. sin sin 1 x x is true when x
a) R b) 0, c) , d) 1,1
2 2
Ans: d
4. Which of the following is true
c) Range of sin sin 1 x cos 1 x is {1}
a) Domain of sin 1 x is ,
2 2
d) Range of cos1 x is 0,
b) Range of cos sin x cos x is {-1,1}
1 1
Ans: c
5. If cos 1 x cos 1 y cos 1 z 3 , then the value of x 2 y 2 z 2 2 xyz is
a) 1 b) 3 c) 6 d) 5
Ans: d
6. If cos 1 x cos 1 y cos 1 z 3 then xy yz zx is equal to:
a. 1 b. 0 c. 3 d. 3 Ans: d
4
7. If tan 1 x tan 1 y , then find the value of cot 1 x cot 1 y.
5
Ans :
5
8. What is the range of one branch of sin 1 x , other than principal branch?
3
Ans : ,
2 2
2 1 2
9. What is the principal value of cos 1 cos sin sin ?
3 3
Ans :
Page 6 of 66
3
10. If sin 1 x sin 1 y sin 1 z ,then what is the value of x y z ?
2
1 1
a. 3 b. 3 c. d. Ans : b
3 3
11. Find the domain of the function f x sin 2x cos1 2x .
1 1
Ans : ,
2 2
43
12. Evaluate: sin 1 cos Ans :
5 10
1
13. Evaluate: sin sin 1 . Ans :1
3 2
1 7 5
14. Write the principal value of cos cos .
6 6
1 1 1 1 2
15. Find the principal value of cos 2sin . Ans :
2 2 3
3
16. Write the value of tan 1 2sin 2 cos 1 . Ans :
2 3
Level 2
17. Evaluate sin 1 sin10 . Ans : 3 10
1 3 1
18. Evaluate: tan sin 1 . Ans :
2 5 3
1 2
19. Find the value of tan cos 1 . Ans : 5 2
2 5
20. If tan 1 x tan 1 y , xy 1, then write the value of x y xy. Ans: 1
4
1
tan 1 x tan 1
21. Assertion: If x<0, x 2
Reason: tan 1 x cot 1 x , x R Ans: d
2
2 2
22. If tan 1 x cot 1 x , then which of the following is true? Ans: a
3 1 3 1
(a) There is no real value of x satisfying the above equation.
(b) There is one positive and one negative real value of x satisfying the above equation.
(c) There are two real positive values of x satisfying the above equation.
(d) are two real negative values of x satisfying the above equation.
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23. If sin x 7 x 12 n , n I ,then x =
1 2
a. 2, 1 b. 4,3 c. 3, 4 d. 5,1 Ans: b
24. If tan 1 cot 2 , then is equal to
a. b. c. d. none of these Ans: c
3 4 6
1
25. If cos 1
5
, then the value of cos ec
1
5 is
a. b. c. d. Ans: b
2 2 2
26. If a sin 1 x cos1 x tan 1 x b , then
3
a. a , b b. a 0, b c. a , b d. a 0, b
2 4 4
Ans: d
1
27. If 4sin 1 x cos1 x , then find the value of x. Ans : x
2
28. If tan 1 x cot 1 x sin 1 x , then find the values of α and β. Ans : 0&
3
29. Solve the following equation: cos tan 1 x sin cot 1 .
3
Ans :
4 4
30. If y cot
1
cos x tan 1
cos x , prove that sin y tan 2 .
x
2
31. Solve for x : sin 1 1 x 2sin 1 x . Ans : x 0
2
1
32. Solve for x : sin 1 x sin 1 (1 x) cos 1 x. Ans : 0,
2
1 1 2
33. If tan 1 x cot 1 x tan 1 , x 0, find the value of x and hence, find the value of sec . Ans :
3 x 6
3 2 1
34. Prove that: cos ec 1 cos 1 2 cot 1 cot 1 7 tan 1 7
2 3 7
Level 3
1 1
35. If sin 1 x tan 1 y , what is the value of ?
x2 y 2
a. 1 b. 1 c. 0 d. 2
Ans: a
36. Domain of cos1 x is
a. 1, 2 b. 1, 2 c. 1, 2 d. None of these
Page 8 of 66
Ans: b
1
37. Find the value of tan 1 for all x 0 in terms of cot 1 x . Ans : cot 1 x
x
5 2
38. If (tan 1 x)2 (cot 1 x)2 , then find x . Ans : x 1
8
1 x 3 3x 2
39. If x 1 , then prove that: cos 1 x sin 1 .
2 2 2 6
40. Find the greatest and the least value of: f x sin 1 x cos 1 x .
2 2
5 2 2
Ans: Greatest Value and Smallest Value .
4 8
(Case Study)
41. Mr A and Mr B are following the path of y sin 1 t 1 and y cos 1 t 1 respectively, where t is
2 2
time t 0, 2 and y is the distance travelled. Answer the following questions
a) Draw the graph of path of Mr A and Mr B on same graph paper, with time on x axis and distance on y
axis.
b) In which duration Mr A is succeeding Mr B
1
a) b) 1 ,2
2
42. If a function f : X Y defined as f ( x) y is one-one and onto, then we can define a unique function
g : Y X such that g ( y) x, where x X and y f ( x), y Y . Function g is called the inverse of function f .
The domain of sine function is R and function sine : R R is neither one-one nor onto. The following graph
shows the sine function.
Page 9 of 66
Let sine function be defined from set A to [– 1, 1] such that inverse of sine function exists, i.e., sin–1 x is
defined from [– 1, 1] to A.
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) If A is the interval other than principal value branch, give an example of one such interval. 1
1
(ii) If sin–1 (x) is defined from [– 1, 1] to its principal value branch, find the value of sin 1 sin 1 (1).
2
1
(iii) (a) Draw the graph of sin–1 x from [– 1, 1] to its principal value branch. 2
OR
(iii) (b) Find the domain and range of f(x) = 2 sin–1 (1 – x). 2
3
(i ) 2 , 2 or any other interval corresponding to the domain 1,1 .
Ans :
2
(ii ) 3 (iii )( a )Graph; (b) Domain [0, 2]; Range [ , ]
Page 10 of 66
Chapter 3 Matrices
LEVEL 1
1. If A is a square matrix such that A2= I, where I is the identity matrix then ( A I )3 ( A I )3
a) 7 A b) A c) 8A d) I
Ans. c
2 1 5
2. If A 1 3 7 , A = P + Q, where P is a symmetric matrix and Q is a skew symmetric matrix, then PQ =
5 7 4
a) A b) I c) O d) P
Ans. c
3. If AB BA 3I , then 9 B 1
1 1
a) 3I b) I c) 3 A d) A
3 3
Ans. c
2 4
4. If A and AB O , then which of the following will represent matrix B:
1 2
1 1 6 2 1 1 1 1
a) b) c) d)
0 2 3 1 3 2 1 1
Ans. b
5. If ABC = I, where A, B and C are square matrices of the same order, then B1
a) AC b) CA c) A1C 1 d ) C 1 A1
Ans. b
6. If A is a skew symmetric matrix such that ( An )T kAn , n N ,then the value of “k”is:
(a) 1 (b) - 1 (c) (1) n (d) n
Ans. c
7. The number of non-zero matrices of order 3 2 , with elements 2, 0, -2 only, is:
(a) 729 (b) 243 (c) 728 (d) 81
Ans. c
2 x 0 1 0
8. If A and A1 , then the value of x is:
x x 1 2
Page 11 of 66
1 1
(a) 2 (b) (c) 1 (d)
2 2
Ans. d
1 0
9. If A 1 then the value of A75 is:
1
25
1 3 1 0 1 0 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
0 1 1 3 3 1 0 1
Ans. c
10. For every square matrix A, AATis a:
(a) unit matrix (b) symmetric matrix
(c) skew symmetric matrix (d) diagonal matrix
Ans. b
11. Each diagonal element of a skew symmetric matrix is:
(a) zero (b) positive (c) non-real (d) negative
Ans. a
3 4
12. If is the sum of a symmetric matrix B and a skew symmetric matrix C, then C is:
1 1
5 5 5 3
1 1 0 1
(a) 2 2 2 2
(b) (C) (d)
5 0 5 1 5 0 5 1
2 2 2 2
Ans. c
13. If a matrix A is both symmetric and skew symmetric, then:
(a) A is a diagonal matrix (b) A is a zero matrix
(c ) A is a scalar matrix (d) A is a square matrix
Ans. b
1 0 0
14. For a matrix A 0 1 0 , A2 is equal to :
1 m 1
(a) 0 (b) A (c) I (d) None of these
Ans. c
0 1
15. If A 16
, the A is equal to:
1 0
0 1 0 1 1 0 1 0
(a) 1 0 (b) (c) (d)
1 0 0 1 0 1
Page 12 of 66
Ans. d
16. Which of the following is a correct statement:
(a) Diagonal matrix is also a scalar matrix
(b) Identity matrix is a particular case of a scalar matrix
( c) Scalar matrix is not a diagonal matrix
(b) Null matrix can not be a square matrix
Ans. b
17. If A and B are two matrices such that A + B and AB are both defined, then:
(a) A and B are not necessarily of same order
(b) A and B are square matrices of same order
( c) Number of columns of A = number of rows of B
(d) None of these
Ans. b
18. If A and B are two square matrices such that B A1 BA , then ( A B) 2
(a) O (b) A2 + B2 (c) A2 + 2AB + B2 (d) A + B
Ans. b
0 0
19. If A 6
, find A .
1 0
0 0
Ans.
0 0
20. Write an element a12 of matrix A aij 22, whose elements aij is given by aij e2ix sinj x.
Ans. a12 e2 x Sin 2 x
2 5 17 1
21. Find matrix B of order 2 2 such that B .
3 7 47 13
116 -58
Ans.
43 23
3 4 1 y 7 0
22. If 2 , find x y.
5 x 0 1 10 5
Ans. 10
1 4 3b 5 a b c c 1
43. If A , B and C are three singular matrices given by A ,B and C
c
, then
3 2 a a 2 ac
the value of abc is:
Page 13 of 66
(a) 15 (b) 30 (c) 45 (d) 90 Ans: c
3 3
23. If the matrix A and A2 A, then write the value of .
3 3
Ans. 6
24. If A is a square matrix such that A2 A, then write the value of (I A)2 3 A.
Ans. I
2 1 10
25. If x y , find x.
3 1 5
Ans. 3
2 3 1 3 4 6
26. If , Write the value of x .
5 7 2 4 9 x
Ans. 13
27. If A & B are skew symmetric matrices of the same order, prove that AB+BA is a symmetric matrix.
1 2 2
28. If A 2 1 x is a matrix satisfying AAT 9 I , find x.
2 2 1
Ans. x = -2
3 5
29. If A is written as A P Q , where P is symmetric matrix and Q is skew-symmetric matrix, then
7 9
write the matrix P.
3 6
Ans. P
6 9
30. If for any matrix A, ( KA)T 2 AT , where k is any constant, prove that either K=2 or A is a null matrix.
2 0 7 x 14 x 7 x
31. Find the value of x for which the matrix product 0 1 0 0 1 0 is an identity matrix.
1 2 1 x 4 x 2 x
Ans. 1/5
1 0
32. If A 2
, then find k such that A =8A + k I.
1 7
Ans. k= -7
1 2
33. Find a matrix A such that A 6I2 .
1 4
4 2
Ans. A
1 1
Page 14 of 66
1 4 3 2
34. If A 2 5 , B 1 5 , find matrices C and D such that A + B - 2C =0 and D =CT .
3 6 4 3
1 1
1 3 / 2 7 / 2
Ans. C 3 / 2 0 , D
1 0 9 / 2
7 / 2 9 / 2
a b c
35. If A 1 d f is a skew symmetric matrix, find a, b, c, d, e and f.
4 2 e
a b f c
Hence, evaluate the product: .
d f d e
Ans. a=d=e=0, b=-1,c=4, f=2, Product of matrices=null matrix.
Level 2
1, if i j
36. If A aij 22 where aij , A is equal to :
2
0, i j
(a) I (b) A (c) O (d) none of these
Ans. a
37. Let A, B and C be three matrices of same order. Now consider the following statements:
I. If A = B, then AC = BC
II. If AC = BC, then A = B
Choose the correct option:
(a) Only I is true (b) Only II is true (c) Both I and II are true (d) neither I nor II is true
Ans. a
38. If A, B are two square matrices such that AB =A and BA =B, then
(a) Only B is idempotent (b) A and B are idempotent
( c) only A is idempotent (d) None of these
Ans. b
39. Show that all the diagonal elements of a skew-symmetric matrix are zero.
40. If A is a skew-symmetric matrix of order 3, then prove that det A=0.
1 0
41. Solve for x: x 1 0 0 .
2 0
Ans: 2
Page 15 of 66
42. In a certain city there are 30 colleges. Each college has 15 peons, 6 clerks, 1 typist and 1 section officer.
Express the given information as a column matrix. Using scalar multiplication, find the total number of posts
of each kind in all the colleges.
15 450
6 180
Ans. A , 30 A
1 30
1 30
1 0 2
43. If A 0 2 1 and A3 6 A2 7 A kI 0, find k.
2 0 3
Ans. 2
0 2y z
44. For what value of x, y, z, A= x y z satisfies A ' A1.
x y z
1 1 1
Ans. x , y ,z
2 6 3
45. If A = diag( a 2a a+3) ,B = diag(2 -1 4) and AB = O, then find a. Also find A+ B.
Ans. a 3 , A + B= diag( -1 -7 4)
0 1 0
46. If A 0 0 1 , show that A3=pI +qA+rA2.
p q r
Level 3
47. The number of skew symmetric matrices of order 3 with each entry 2, -2, 3, -3 or 0 are:
(a) 125 (b) 120 (c) 59 (d) 56
Ans. a
3 1
48. Let A . Then show that A 5 A 7 I 0. Using this result calculate A .
2 3
1 2
10 27
Ans.
9 10
49. If a square matrix B satisfies B 2 I B, where I the identity matrix is. If B n 5I 8B, find the value of n.
Ans. n=6
50. A finance company has offices located in every division, every district and every taluka in a certain state in
India. Assume that there are five divisions, thirty districts and 200 talukas in a state. Each office has one clerk,
one cashier and one peon. A divisional office has in addition, one office superintendent and 2 clerks. A district
office has in addition one clerk and one peon.
Page 16 of 66
The basic monthly salaries are as follows:
One office superintendent ₹50000, clerk ₹20000, cashier ₹17500 and peon ₹10000.
Based on the above information answer the following questions:
i) Express the information as the product of matrices and find the total number of posts of each type in
the state.
ii) Using the matrix multiplication, find the total monthly salary bill generated of all the offices taken
together.
1 3 1 1
i ) 5 30 200 0 2 1 2 5 275 235 265
0 1 1 1
Ans. 50000
20000
ii ) 5 275 235 265 12512500
17500
10000
Page 17 of 66
Chapter 4 : Determinants
Level 1
1. In how many ways , the determinant of order 3 can be expanded?
(a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 3 (d) 6
Ans. d
5 5
2. If A 0 5 , A2 25 , then find :
0 0 5
(a) 52 (b) 1 (c) 1/5 (d) 5
Ans. c
10 0
3. For any 2 2 matrix A, if A adj A , then A …..
0 10
(a) 0 (b) 10 (c) 20 (d) 100
Ans. b
1 2 1
4. If A 0 2 3 , then the vlaue of a11 A21 a12 A22 a13 A23 ,
0 0 4
( where Aij is the cofactor of the element aij )
a) 8 b) 8 c) 0 d) 1
Ans. c
1 0 1
5. If A 2 5 7 , then A(adjA)=
1 1 3
1 0 0 1 0 0
a) 0 1 0 b) 0 1 0 c) det A d) 1
0 0 1 0 0 1
Ans. a
6. If A is a square matrix of order n such that AAT= I, then det A =
a) 0 b) 1 c) 2 d) 3
Ans. b
7. If A and B are square matrices of order 3 and A 5, B 3, then find the value of 3 AB . Ans. 405
8. If A is an invertible matrix of order 3 and A 5, write the value of adjA . A Ans. 25
9. If A is an invertible matrix of order 3 and adjA 25 , then find the value of A . Ans. 5
10. If A is a 3 3 invertible matrix, then what will be the value of k, if det(A-1)=(detA)k. Ans. k = 1
11. If A is a square matrix of order 3, with A 9, then write the value of 2 adjA . Ans. 648
Page 18 of 66
2 1
12. If A , find AadjA . Ans. 9
7 5
2 3 1 3
13. If A and B , verify that adj(AB) = (adj B) (adj A)
5 1 4 0
5a b
14. If A = and Adj A = A , then find the value of 5a + b. Ans. 5
3 2
2 3
15. If A = , find A1 and show that 2 A1 9 I A .
4 7
16. Find the value of x, if A is a singular matrix.
x 1 1 1
A 1 x 1 1 Ans. -1, 2
1 1 x 1
17. Find the value of K, if area of the triangle ABC with vertices A(K, 4), B(2, -6), and C(5, 4) is 35 square units.
Ans. -2, 12
18. Find the value of K if the following system of equations fail to have a unique solution:
Kx 3 y z 1
x 2y z 2
Kx y 2 z 1
Ans. K –7 / 2
19. If A is a matrix of order 3 3 such that A ( adj A) = 5I, then find adjA .
Ans. 25
x x 3 4
20. If , write positive value of x.
1 x 1 2
Ans. x 2, 1
21. If A is a square matrix and A 2, then write the value of AAT .
Ans. 4
22. If A is a square matrix of order 3 and A 4, find the value of 2 A .
Ans. 32
1 2 1 4
23. If A and B , find AB .
3 1 3 2
Ans. -70
24. If A is a 3 3 matrix and 3A k A , then write the value of k.
Ans. k 27
2sin x 3
25. If 0 x and the matrix
2sin x
is singular, find the values of x.
2 1
Page 19 of 66
Ans.
3
2 k
26. For what value of k, the matrix has no inverse?
3 5
10
Ans.
3
x 2
27. If A and A3 125, find the values of x.
2 x
Ans. 3
28. If A aij is 3 3 matrix and Aij ' s denote the cofactors of the corresponding elements aij ' s , then write the
value of
(i) a11 A11 a12 A12 a13 A13 (ii) a12 A12 a22 A22 a32 A32
(iii) a21 A11 a22 A12 a23 A13 (iv) a11 A13 a21 A23 a31 A33
Ans. (i) A (ii) A (iii) 0 (iv) 0
2 3 1
29. If A 1 2 2 ’ find A-1 and hence, solve the system of equations:
3 1 1
2x y 3z 13; 3x 2 y z 4; x 2 y z 8.
Ans. x = 1, y = 2, z = -3
1 1 0 2 2 4
30. If A 2 3 4 and B 4 2 4 , find AB. Use this to solve the following system of equations:
0 1 2 2 1 5
x y 3; 2x 3 y 4z 17; y 2z 7.
Ans. x 2, y 1, z 4
4 4 4 1 1 1
31. If A 7 1 3 and B 1 2 2 , find AB. Use this to solve the following system of equations:
5 3 1 2 1 3
x y z 4; x 2 y 2z 9; 2x y 3z 1.
Ans. x = 3, y= 2, z = 1
1 1 2 2 0 1
32. Use the product A 0 2 3 9 2 3 to solve the system of equations :
3 2 4 6 1 2
x 3z 9, x 2 y 2z 4, 2 x 3 y 4 z 3
Ans. x 36, y 5, z 15
Page 20 of 66
2 1 3 2 1 0
33. If A , using the concept of inverse of a matrix, find matrix A.
3 2 5 3 0 1
1 1
Ans.
1 0
Level 2
34. If B is a non-singular matrix and A is a square matrix, then B 1 AB is equal to:
(a) A1 (b) B 1 (c) A (d) B
Ans. c
a 0 0
35. If det A 0 a 0 , then the value of adjA is:
0 0 a
(a) a27 (b) a9 (c) a6 (d) a2
Ans. c
1 1 1 4 2 2
36. Let A 2 1 3 and 10 B 5 0 , If B is the inverse of A, then is equal to:
1 1 1 1 2 3
(a) 5 (b) – 1 (c) 2 (d) – 2
Ans. a
1 0 n
37. If A , then the value of A is:
1 1
1 0 0 1 1 0
(a) (b) (c) (d) None of these
n 1 2 n n 1
Ans. c
3 2 3
38. If 4 5 3 P Q , where P is a symmetric matrix and Q is a skew symmetric matrix, the det(PQ) =
2 4 5
a) det P b) det Q c) det A d) 1
Ans. b
39. If A is a skew symmetric matrix of order 3 then which of the following is always true:
a) A is invertible.
b) A is non- singular.
c) Adj A= A
d) A in never invertible.
Ans. d
Page 21 of 66
40. If the sum of all elements of a 3 × 3 scalar matrix is 9, then the product of all its elements is:
(a) 0 (b) 9 (c) 27 (d) 729 Ans: (a)
2 1
41. If A , then find value of I A A2 A3 ... is :
4 2
1 1 3 1 0 0 1 0
a) 4 3 b)
1
c)
0
d)
4 0 0 1
Ans: (a)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 0
42. If F(x) = [ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 0] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 [𝐹(𝑥)]2 = 𝐹(𝑘𝑥), then the value of k is :
0 0 1
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 0 (d) −2 Ans: (b)
−𝑎 𝑏 𝑐
43. If | 𝑎 −𝑏 𝑐 | = 𝑘𝑎𝑏𝑐, then the value of k is:
𝑎 𝑏 −𝑐
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4 Ans: (d)
𝑎 𝑏
44. Let 𝐴 = [ ] be a square matrix such that (adj A) = A, then (a + b + c + d) is equal to:
𝑐 𝑑
(a) 2a (b) 2b (c) 2c (d) 0 Ans: (a)
2 0 0
45. If A 0 3 0 , then A1 is : ,
0 0 5
1 1 1
2 0 0 2 0 0 2 0 0
2 0 0
1
(a) 0 0 (b) 30 0 0 0 3 0
1
0
1 1 1
c) d) 0
3 3 30 30 3
0 0 5
0 1
0 1
0 1
0 0 0
5 5 5
Ans: (a)
46. If the value of a third order determinant is 12, then find the value of the determinant formed by replacing each
element by its cofactor.
Ans. 144
3 1
47. If A 3 and A 5 2 , then write the adjA.
1
3 3
9 3
Ans.
5 2
2 3 1
48. If A , write A in terms of A.
5 2
Page 22 of 66
1
Ans. A
19
3 1
49. If A , find adj adjA .
4 5
Ans. 19
1 tan x cos 2 x sin 2 x
50. If A , show that AT A1
cos 2 x
.
tan x 1 sin 2 x
2 3
51. If A be such that A1 kA, then find the value of k ?
5 2
1
Ans.
19
2 2 0
52. Find a matrix A such that A 2, adjA 2 5 1 .
0 1 1
2 1 1
Ans. A 1 1 1
1 1 3
53. A trust invested some money in two types of bonds. The first bond pays 10% interest, and second bond pays
12% interest. The trust received Rs2800 as interest. However, if trust had interchanged money in bonds, they would
have got Rs100 less as interest. Using matrix method, find the amount invested by the trust.
Ans. x 10000 ; y 15000
Level 3
1 2
54. If A then the value of A2009 5 A2008 is:
3 5
(a) 6 (b) 6 (c) 6 (d) can’t be determined
Ans. b
55. If P Q 1, then prove that adj (Q1 P1 ) PQ .
56. A mixture is to be made of three foods A, B, C. the three foods A, B, C contain nutrients P, Q, R as shown below:
Ounce per pound of Nutrient
Food P Q R
A 1 2 5
Page 23 of 66
B 3 1 1
C 4 2 1
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
i) Represent the above information a system of linear equations in three variables.
ii) How to form a mixture which will have 8 ounce of P, 5 ounce of Q and 7 ounce of R.
i) x 3 y 4 z 8, 2 x 2 y 2 z 5, 5 x y z 7.
Ans.
ii) x 1, y 1, z 1
Page 24 of 66
Ch.5: CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY
Level 1
Directions (Q1-Q2): Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of these
questions also has four alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one of
the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
a. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
b. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is not a correct explanation for Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct, Reason is incorrect.
d. Assertion is incorrect, Reason is correct.
1. Assertion(A): f ( x) x 3 is always differentiable for all x R 3
Reason(R) : A continuous function in R, is always differentiable in R.
Ans. A true R false
x 2 7 x 12
2. Assertion(A): A function f ( x) is continuous everywhere.
x 2 7 x 10
Reason(R): Polynomial function is continuous everywhere.
Ans. A false, R true
kx
, if x 0
3. f ( x) x continuous at x 0.
3, if x 0
Ans. k = 3
( x 3) 2 36
, x3
4. f ( x) x 3 continuous at x 3.
x3
k,
Ans. k = 12
k cos x
, if x
2x 2
5. f ( x) continuous at x .
3, 2
if x
2
Ans. k = 6
x 2 3x 10
, if x 2
6. f ( x) x 2 continuous at x 2.
if x 2
k,
Ans. k = 7
Sin 5 x
,x0
7. Find k , if f(x) is continuous at x=0 where f ( x) 3 x
k , x0
5
Ans. k =
3
dy cos x
8. If y sin x sin x sin x ....to , prove that
dx 2 y 1
Page 25 of 66
1 x2 1 x2
9. Differentiate tan 1 w.r.t. cos1 x2 .
1 x2 1 x2
1
Ans.
2
10. If y log x x 2 a 2 , prove that (x 2 a 2 ) y 2 xy1 0.
d2y
n
dy
11. If y x 1 x 2 , then show that (1 x 2 ) 2
x n2 y.
dx dx
(cosx)(cosx)... dy y 2 tan x
12. If y (cosx) , show that .
dx y log cos x 1
sin 5 x
cos x, if x 0
13. Find the value of ‘k’ so that the function f ( x) 3x continuous at x 0.
k, if x 0
8
Ans. k =
3
1 cos 4 x
, if x 0
14. Find the value of ‘k’ so that the function f ( x) 8 x 2 continuous at x 0.
k, if x 0
Ans. k = 1
1 cos kx
x sin x ; x 0
15. If f x is continuous at x = 0. Find K
1 ;x0
2
Ans. k = 1
3ax b, x 1
16. If the function f ( x) 11, x 1 is continuous at x=1, find the values of a andb.
5ax 2b, x 1
Ans. a = 3, b = 2
17. Differentiate (cos x) x xcos x w.r.t x.
cos x
Ans. (cos x) x log cos x x tan x xco s x sin [Link] x
x
t d2y
18. If x a sin t , y a cos t log tan , find .
2 dx 2
cos ec 2t sec t
Ans.
a
dy 1 y2
19. If 1 x 2 1 y 2 a(x y), x 1, y 1, show that .
dx 1 x2
Page 26 of 66
Level 2
dy
20. If y log log x , then the value of e y is:
dx
1 1 1
a. e y b. c. d.
x log x x log x
Ans. b
dy
21. If 2x 2y 2x y , then =
dx
x y 2 y 1 x y 2 y 1 2x 2 y
a. 2 b. 2 c. x d. None of these
2x 1 1 2x 2 2y
Ans. b
d 1 a x
tan is:
dx
22. The value of
1 ax
1 1 1 1
a. b. c. d. None of these
1 x2 1 a 1 x2
2
1 x2
Ans. a
xe x... to dy
23. If y e x e , then
dx
y2 y2 y y
a. b. c. d.
1 y y 1 1 y 1 y
Ans. c
24. The value of the derivative of x 1 x 3 at x = 2 is:
a. 2 b. 0 c. 2 d. not defined.
Ans. b
1
25. The number of points at which the function f x is discontinuous is
log x
a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
Ans. c
1 cos 2 x
, x0
26. If f x 2x , then which value of k will make function f continuous at x 0 ?
, x0
k
a) 1 c) 0
b) -1 d) No value
Ans. d
x 2 3x 2
27. The number of points of discontinuity of the rational function f x is
4 x x3
a) 1 c) 3
b) 2 d) None Ans c
28. The number of points of discontinuity of the function f x x 1 x 2 sin x , x 0, 4 ,is
a) 1
Page 27 of 66
b) 2
c) 3
d) 0 Ans. d
𝑑(|𝑥|) 𝑥
29. Show that : = |𝑥| , 𝑥 ≠ 0.
𝑑𝑥
30. A function 𝑓(𝑥) = |1 − 𝑥 + |𝑥||is:
(a) Discontinuous at x = 1 only
(b) Discontinuous at x = 0 only
(c) Discontinuous at x = 0, 1
(d) Continuous everywhere Ans: (d)
x 1 x 1 dy
31. If y cos 1 1
cos ec ,then ....
x 1 x 1 dx
a)
2
b) 0
c) 1
d) None of these Ans. b
sin x cos x
, if x
4x 4 1
32. Find “k” if, f ( x) continuous at x . Ans.
4 2 2
k, if x
4
x
, x0
33. Prove that the function f defined by f x x 2 x remains discontinuous at x 0 , regardless the
2
k , x0
choice of k.
34. Differentiate wrt ‘x’: f x sin 1 x sin 1 1 x 2 Ans. 0
35. Find the derivative of x 2 x 4 at x = 3. Ans. 0
1 kx 1 kx
, 1 x 0
36. Find the value of the constant k so that the function f ( x) x is continuous at
2x 1
, 0 x 1
x 1
x=0.
Ans. K 1
Page 28 of 66
x 5
a, x 5
x 5
37. If the function f ( x) a b, x5 is continuous at x=5, then find the values of a and b.
x5
b x5
x5
Ans. b = -1, a = 1
1 sin 3 x
3cos 2 x , x 2
38. If the function f (x) a, x is continuous at x , then find the values of a and b.
2 2
b(1 sinx)
( 2 x) 2 , x 2
1
Ans. a = ,b=4
2
x 2 3 x a, x 1
39. If the function f defined by f ( x) is derivable, then find the values of a and b.
bx 2, x 1
Ans. a = 3, b = 5
d2y dy
40. If x sin t , y sin pt , prove that (1 x 2 ) 2
x p 2 y 0.
dx dx
5 x 12 1 x 2 1
41. Differentiate sin 1 w.r.t x. Ans.
13 1 x2
d2y
42. If x m y n (x y)m n , prove that 0.
dx 2
y dy x y
43. If log(x 2 y 2 ) 2 tan 1 , show that .
x dx x y
4ax b 10, if x 1
44. If f ( x) is differentiable at x =1, then find the value of a and b.
4ax bx, if x 1
2
5
Ans. a , b 5
4
Level 3
dy
45. If y e
1 log e x
, then is equal to:
dx
a. e b. 1 c. 0 d. x log e x.
Ans. a
x
,x 0
46. If a function f x is defined as f x x 2 then:
0, x 0
a. f x is continuous at x = 0 but not differentiable at x = 0
b. f x is continuous as well as differentiable at x = 0
Page 29 of 66
c. f x is discontinuous at x = 0
d. None of these.
Ans. c
47. Let f x be a differentiable even function. Consider the following statements:
I. f ' x is an even function.
II. f ' x is an odd function.
III. f ' x may be even or odd.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
a. Only I b. Only II c. I and III d. II and III
Ans. b
48. If f x ax3 , then show that xf ' x 3 f x 0 .
x3 x5 dy 1
49. If y x .......... , then show that .
3 5 dx 1 x 2
1 1 x dy 2
50. If y cos 1 sin , prove that
1 x
2
1 x
2
dx 1 x 2
x x x sin x 1 x 1 x 1 x 1
51. If cos cos 2 cos 3 ....... , prove that 2 sec 2 4 sec 2 2 6 sec 2 3 ........ cos ec 2 x 2 .
2 2 2 x 2 2 2 2 2 2 x
dy
1 6 x 4 1 4 x
2 2
52. Find , if y sin . Ans.
dx 5 1 4x 2
dy 1 1
53. If y sin 1{x 1 x x 1 x2 }, 0 x 1, then find . Ans.
dx 1 x 2
2 x x2
Page 30 of 66
Chapter 6: Applications of Derivatives
LEVEL 1
1. Find all the points of local maxima/local minima/ inflection of the function: f ( x) x3 6 x 2 12 x 8 .
Ans. Point of inflection x 2
2. If f ( x) 2 tan 1 (e x ) , then f ( x) is: Ans: a
4
a) Even and strictly increasing in (0, )
b) Even and strictly decreasing in (0, )
c) Odd and strictly increasing in (, )
d) Odd and strictly decreasing in (, )
3. Find the maximum or minimum values ( if any) of the function
i) sin(sin x) ii) sin3x 4 iii) cos(cosx)
Ans. i) – sin 1, sin 1 ii) 3, 5 iii) cos1, 1
4. Find the interval in which f ( x) 2log( x 2) x 2 4 x 1 is increasing.
Ans. (2,3)
5. Find absolute maximum value of 2x3 24x 107 in the interval [1,3]
Ans. 89 at x 3
6. Two sides of a triangle have lengths ‘a’ and ‘b’ and the angle between them is θ. What value of θ will
maximize the area of the triangle? Find the maximum area of the triangle also.
ab
Ans. Area = sq. units, .
2 2
LEVEL 2
x
7. The function f ( x) sin x , x , is
2 3 3
a) Increasing b) Decreasing c) neither increaing nor decreasing d) constant
Ans. a
8. The rate of change ( in cm2/s) of the total surface area of a hemisphere with respect to radius r at r = 3 1.331 cm is :
a) 66 b) 6.6 c) 3.3 d) 4.4 Ans : b
9. The function f ( x) cot 1 x x increases in the interval:
a) (1, ) b) (1, ) c) (, ) d ) (0, )
Ans. d
10. The absolute maximum value of the function 12 x 4/3 6 x1/3 , x [1,1] is:
a) 18 b) 16 c) 14 d ) 12
Ans. a
11. The function f x tan x 4x is strictly decreasing on.
a. , b. , c. , d. ,
3 3 3 2 3 2 2
Ans. d
12. A monotonic function f in an interval I means that f is.
Page 31 of 66
a. Increasing in I b. decreasing in I
c. either increasing in I or decreasing in I
d. neither increasing in I nor decreasing in I Ans. c
13. Let f(x) be a continuous function on [a,b] and differentiable on (a,b). Then this function is strictly in (a,b) if
(a) F’(x) < 0, for all x 𝜖 (a,b)
(b) F’(x) > 0, for all x 𝜖 (a,b)
(c) F’(x) = 0, for all x 𝜖 (a,b)
(d) F(x) > 0, for all x 𝜖 (a,b) Ans: (b)
14. If the function f be given by f x x , x R , then.
a. point of minimum value of f is x = 1
b. f has no point of maximum value in R.
c. Both (a) and (b) are true.
d. Both (a) and (b) are not true.
Ans. b
15. A ladder resting with the wall at an angle of 30 . A man is ascending the ladder at the rate of 3 ft/sec. His rate
of approaching the wall is
3 3 3
a. 3 ft/sec b. ft/sec c. ft / sec d. ft/sec
2 4 2
Ans. b
16. A wire 34 cm long is to be bent in the form of a quadrilateral of which each angle is 90°. What is the
maximum area which can be enclosed inside the quadrilateral?
a. 68 cm2 b. 70 cm2 c. 71.25 cm2 d. 72.25 cm2
Ans. d
17. A point c in the domain of a function f is called a critical point of f if.
I. f'(c) = 0
II. f is not differentiable at c.
Choose the correct option.
a. Either I or II are true b. Only I is true.
c. Only II is true d. Neither I nor II is true
Ans. a
18. The maximum value of the function sin x + cos x is
a. 1 b. 2 c. 2 d. None of these
Ans. b
19. Each side of an equilateral triangle expands at the rate of 2 cm/s. What is the rate of increase of area of the
triangle when each side is 10 cm?
a. 10 2cm2 / s b. 10 3cm2 / s c. 10 cm2 / s d. 5 3cm 2 / s
Ans. b
20. A running track of 440 feet is to be laid out enclosing a football field, the shape of which is a rectangle with a
semicircle at each end. If the area of rectangular portion is to be maximum, find the length of its sides.
Ans. 110 ft,70ft
Page 32 of 66
21. Find an angle θ, 0 < θ < , which increases twice as fast as its sine. Ans.
2 3
22. Show that for a≥1, f x 3 sin x cos x 2ax b is decreasing in R.
23. For what value of x, is f(x) = sin x 3 cos x maximum? Ans.
6
For the curve y = 5x – 2x3, if x increases at the rate of 2 units/sec, then how fast is the slope of curve changing
when x =3? Ans. -72units/sec
24. Find the values of k for which f x kx3 9x2 9x 3 is increasing on R. Ans. (3, )
25. Find the interval between [0,2𝜋] in which f(x) =sinx and g(x) = cosx both are
a) Increasing
b) Decreasing
26. Water is dripping out from a conical funnel of semi-vertical angle at the uniform rate of 2 cm2/ sec in the
4
surface area, through a tiny hole at the vertex of the bottom. When the slant height of cone is 4 cm, find the
rate of decrease of the slant height of water. Ans. 2 / 4 cm / sec
27. Find the value(s) of a for which the function f x = sin x ax b increases on R. Ans. , 1
Find the largest possible area of a right-angled triangle whose hypotenuse is 5cm long.
25
Ans. square units
4
28. A man is walking at the rate of 6.5 km/hr towards the foot of a tower 120m high. At what rate is he
approaching the top of the tower when he is 50m away from the tower? Ans. 2.5km/hr
29. Find the values of b for which sinx –bx +c is a decreasing function on R. Ans. b 1
30. If the sum of the hypotenuse and a side of aright triangle is given, show that area of the triangle is maximum
when angle between them is .
3
31. Twenty meters of wire is available for fencing off a flower bed in the form of a circular sector. Find the
maximum area of the flower bed. Ans 25 sq m
32. Show that triangle of maximum area that can be inscribed in a given circle is an equilateral triangle.
33. At what point, the slope of the curve y = −x3 + 3x2 + 9x – 27 is maximum? Also find the maximum slope.
Ans. 12, Point 1, 16
34. If the function f x 2x3 9mx2 12m2 x 1 , where m>0 attains its maximum and minimum at p and q
respectively such that p 2 q , then find the value of m.
Ans. 2
LEVEL 3
1
35. If f ( x) x , x 0, then its greatest value is:
x
a) 2 b) 0 c) 3 d ) none of these
Ans. a
Page 33 of 66
36.A function y f x has a second order derivative f " x 6 x 1 . If its graph passes through the point (2,1)
and at that point the tangent to the graph is y 3x 5 ,then the function is
a. x 1 b. x 1 c. x 1 d. x 1
2 3 3 2
Ans. b
37. The radius of a cylinder is increasing at the rate of 3 m/s and its altitude is decreasing at the rate of 4 m/s. the
rate of change of volume when radius is 4 m and altitude is 6m, is
a. 20 m3 / s b. 40 m3 / s c. 60 m3 / s d. None of these
Ans. d
38. Directions: Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of these questions
also has four alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You have to select one of the codes
(a), (b), (c) and (d) given below.
a. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
b. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is not a correct explanation for Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct, Reason is incorrect.
d. Assertion is incorrect, Reason is correct.
Assertion: Let f : R R be a function such that f x x3 x2 3x sin x . Then f is one-one.
Reason: f x neither increasing nor decreasing function.
Ans. c
1
39. Show that the local maximum value of x is less than local minimum value.
x
40. Find the rate of change of volume of a sphere with respect to its surface area, when the radius is 2 cm.
Ans. 1cm3 / cm2
41. If x and y are the sides of two squares such that y = x – x2. Find the rate of change of the area of Second
Square with respect to the area of First Square. Ans. 2 x2 3x 1
42. The area of an expanding rectangle is increasing at the rate of 48cm2/sec. The length of the rectangle is always
equal to square of breadth. At what rate, the length is increasing at the instant when breadth is 4.5cm.
Ans. 7.1cm/sec
43. A spherical ball of salt is dissolving in water in such a manner that the rate of decrease of the volume at any
instant is proportional to the surface. Prove that the radius is decreasing at a constant rate.
44. A store has been selling calculators at Rs 350 each. A market survey indicates that a reduction in price (p) of
calculator increases the number of units (x) sold. The relation between the price and the quantity sold is given
1
by the demand function p 450 x.
2
Page 34 of 66
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Determine the number of units (x) that should be sold to maximize the revenue R(x) = x p(x).
Also verify the result. (2)
(ii) What rebate in price of calculator should the store give to maximize the revenue? (2)
Ans : i x 450 (ii) Rs 125 per calcu.
45. Over speeding increases fuel consumption and decreases fuel economy as a result of tyre rolling friction and
air resistance. While vehicles reach optimal fuel economy at different speeds, fuel mileage usually decreases
rapidly at speeds above 80 km/h.
The relation between fuel consumption F (l /100km) and speed V (km / h) under some constraints is given as
V2 V
F 14.
500 4
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Find F, when V = 40 km/h. 1
dF
(ii) Find . 1
dV
(iii) (a) Find the speed V for which fuel consumption F is minimum. 2
OR
dF
(iii) (b) Find the quantity of fuel required to travel 600 km at the speed V at which 0.01. 2
dV
i When V 40 km / h, F 36 / 5 /100km
Ans :
(ii) dF V 1 ; (iii)(a)V 62.5km / h; (b)37.2l
dV 250 4
46. The traffic police has installed Over Speed Violation Detection (OSVD) system at various locations in a city.
These cameras can capture a speeding vehicle from a distance of 300 m and even function in the dark.
Page 35 of 66
A camera is installed on a pole at the height of 5 m. It detects a car travelling away from the pole at the speed
of 20 m/s. At any point, x m away from the base of the pole, the angle of elevation of the speed camera from
the car C is θ .
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Express θ in terms of height of the camera installed on the pole and x. 1
dθ
(ii) Find . 1
dx
(iii) (a) Find the rate of change of angle of elevation with respect to time at an instant when the car is 50m
away from the pole. 2
OR
(iii) (b) If the rate of change of angle of elevation with respect to time of another car at a distance of 50 m
3
from the base of the pole is rad/s, then find the speed of the car. 2
101
1 5 d 5 4
Ans : (i )θ tan x (ii ) 2
5 x2
(iii )( a ) rad / s; (b)15m / s
dx 101
47. Shyama has an underground water tank which is conical in shape with depth 15 m and radius 5 m. The is
filled with water at a rate of 0.1cubic m/hr.
Answer the following questions, based on the above information:
i) When the water is 6 m deep, find at what rate the water level is rising?
ii) When the water is 6 m deep, find at what rate the water-surface area is increasing?
iii) When the water is 6 m deep, find at what rate the wetted surface area of the vessel is increasing?
Ans. i) 1/40pi m/hr ii) 1/30 sq m/ hr iii) 10 / 30 sqm / hr
Page 36 of 66
Ch 7 Integration
Level 1
[Link] second order derivative of which of the following functions is 5x ?
5x 5x
d) 5x log e 5
2
a) 5 x log e 5 b) c) Ans: d
log e 5
2
log e 5
2
1 cot x
cos ecx cos x dx
2. 0 =
a) 0 b) c) d) Ans: a
4 12
3
[Link]: 1
x 2 2 x dx Ans : 2
8 x 13 1 3
1 1
4. dx Ans : 4x 72 4x 72 c
4x 7 3 2
sec x
dx Ans : tan x sec x c
5. sec x tan x
[Link]
dx cos x a
i. cos x a cos x b Ans :
1
sin a b
log
cos x b
c
dx s in x b
ii. sin x a sin x b Ans :
1
sin b a
log
sin x a
c
dx
cos x a sin x b
iii.
1 sin x b
Ans : log c
cos b a co s x a
7..Evaluate
x2 1 1 x2 1
i. x4 1 dx Ans :
2
tan 1
2 x
c
x2 1 x2 2 x 1
x4 1 dx
1
ii. Ans : log c
2 2 x2 2 x 1
x2 x2 1 x2 x 2 1
x4 1 dx
1 1
iii. Ans : tan 1 log 2 c
2 2 x 2 4 2 x x 2 1
1 x2 1 x2 2 x 1
iv. x 4 1 dx Ans :
1
2 2
tan 1
2x 4 2
1
log
x2 2 x 1
c
v. tan xdx Ans :
1
2
tan x 1
tan 1
2 tan x 2 2
1
log
tan x
tan x
2 tan x 1
2 tan x 1
c
x2 1
vi.
x4 7 x2 1 dx Ans :
1
3
x2 1
tan 1
3x
c
Page 37 of 66
1
vii. sin 4
x cos 4 x
dx Ans :
1 tan 2 x 1
tan 1 c
2 2 tan x
cot x 2 cot x 1
viii. cot xdx Ans :
1
2
cot x 1
tan 1
1
ln
2 cot x 2 2 cot x 2 cot x 1
c
[Link]
e cot x logsin x dx Ans : e x log sin x c
x
i.
1 1 x
ii. log x log x 2 dx
Ans :
log x
c
log x x
iii. 1 log x 2 dx Ans :
1 log x
c
iv. sin log x cos log x dx Ans : x sin(log x) c
[Link]
1
i. a 2
sin x b 2 cos 2 x
2
dx Ans :
1
ab
a tan x
tan 1
b
c
dx 1 2 tan x
ii. 1 3sin 2
x 8 cos 2 x
Ans : tan 1
6 3
c
sin x
iii.
sin 3x dx
1 3 tan x
Ans : log c
2 3 3 tan x
10..Evaluate
dx
i. 2 cos x Ans :
2
3
1
tan 1
3
x
tan c
2
dx x
ii. 1 sin x cos x Ans : log 1 tan
2
c
dx
3 sin x cos x 1 x
iii. Ans : log tan c
2 2 12
x cos 6 x
11. dx Ans :
1
log 3 x 2 sin 6 x c
3 x 2 sin 6 x 6
1 cot x
12. dx Ans : ln x logsin x c
x log sin x
13.
1 cos xdx x
Ans : 2 2 sin c
2
Page 38 of 66
1
14. 1 cos ecx
dx
Ans : tan x x sec x c
1 1
15.
3
x .5 dx k .5 C
x2 x2
1
Ans : c
2 ln 5
2
5sin x 3cos x
16. 0
sin x cos x
dx
Ans : 2
x
[Link] f x t sin tdt , then write the value of f ' x .
0
Ans : x sin x
b b 3
dx
[Link] that f x dx f a b x dx and hence, evaluate . Ans :
a a 1 tan x 12
6
x 1 x 2 x 3 dx
19. 0 Ans 14
Directions: Each of these questions contains two statements, Assertion and Reason. Each of these
questions also has four alternative choices, only one of which is the correct answer. You have to select
one of the codes (a), (b). (c) and (d) given below.
a. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is a correct explanation for assertion.
b. Assertion is correct, Reason is correct; Reason is not a correct explanation for Assertion.
c. Assertion is correct, Reason is incorrect.
d. Assertion is incorrect, Reason is correct
1 x
2
log 1 x dx 0
20.. Assertion: 2
Reason: If f is an odd function, then f x dx 0
a
Ans : a
Level 2
[Link] value of I
1 cos 4 x dx , is equal to:
cot x tan x
Page 39 of 66
1 1 1 1
a) cos 4 x c b) cos 4 x c c) cos 4 x c d) cos 4 x c
8 8 16 16
Ans: a
x x
[Link] value of I dx is equal to :
7 x5 9
5 5 5 5
1 7x2 3 1 7x2 3 1 7x2 3 1 7x2 3
a) log 5
c b) log 5
c c) log 5
c d) log 5
c
7 15 15 7 7 15 15 7
7x 3 2
7x 3 2
7x 3 2
7x 3 2
Ans: b
3x 1 A B A
, then cos 1 is
[Link] x 1 x 3 x 1 x 3 B
a) b) c) d)
4 2 3 6
Ans: c
24. x x 1 log x dx is equal to
1
1 log x
2
a) x
x
b) x 2x c) x x log x d)
2
Ans: a
25. x9
dx
4x 1
2 6
5 5 5 5
1 1
4 2 c b) 1 4 12 c c) 1 4 1 c d. 1 4 12 c
a) 5 x x 5 x 10 x x 10 x
Ans: d
e x e x
ex e x dx log e 1 Ax C , then A =
2x
[Link]
a) 0 b)1 c) 2 d) 5
Ans: b
2
[Link] value of sin x cos x dx
2
a) b) 2 c) 3 d) 0
Ans: b
28. sec2/3 x cos ec4/3 xdx
a) 3 tan x c b) 3 tan x c) 3 tan x d) tan x
1/3 1/3 1/3
c c c
1/3
Ans: b
Page 40 of 66
e x 1
log 2
29. sin x dx
log1/2 e 1
1 1
a) cos b) sin c) 2cos 2 d) 0
3 2
Ans: d
3
1 3 x
1 2
[Link] the integral: I dx Ans : 2 1 x 3 c
3
x2
[Link] the integral: I e2 x sin x 2cos x dx Ans : e2 x cos x c
2
log x 1 x
[Link] the integral: 1 log x 2 dx Ans :
1 log x
2
c
5x e x
33. 5x e x dx Ans : c
1 log 5
2 32
34. 2 log 4 x
dx Ans : x c
3
sec 3 x sec 2 x
35.
tan x tan 2 x tan 3xdx Ans : log log sec x log c
3 2
36. 1 2 tan x tan x sec x dx Ans : log sec x sec x tan x c
2x
dx k sin 1 2 x C , then find ‘k’.
1
[Link] Ans : k
1 4 x log 2
x dx
38. Ans : log cos x x sin x c
1 x tan x
x 2 1 x 3
a 3 x3
dx Ans : sin 3 c
3 a
39.
sin 2 x 1
40. Ans : log a 2 sin 2 x b2 cos2 x c
a b
dx
a sin x b 2 cos 2 x
2 2 2 2
ecos x
41.
0 ecos x e cos x
dx
Ans :
2
3
42. x dx
0 Ans : 3
2
1
1 e sin x
dx Ans :
43. 0
a
1
44. dx , then find the value of ‘a’. Ans : a = 2
0
4 x 2
8
x 1
1
45. dx Ans : 1
0
x 1
Page 41 of 66
sin 2 x 1 1
46. dx Ans : log cos 2 x c
2 2
sin x sin x
3 3
x2 1 1 x tan 1 x
4 dx
47. 1 x
Ans : log
4 1 x
2
c
sin x x cos x sin x
48. dx Ans : log 1 c
x x sin x x
ax x
49. dx Ans : a sin 1 a 2 x 2 c
ax a
1 1
50.
sec3 xdx Ans : tan x sec x log tan x sec x c
2 2
1 2 1
a a 1 Ans :
n 1 n 2 n 3
f x dx f a x dx and hence, evaluate x 1 x
2 n
[Link] that dx .
0 0 0
2
52. cos x dx
0 Ans: 4
1 x x2
53. etan
1 1
x
dx Ans : xe tan x
c
1 x
2
1 1 tan 2 x 1
54. dx Ans : tan 1 c
sin x sin x cos 2 x cos 4 x
4 2
3 3 tan x
a
x
sin
1
dx
ax a
55. 0 Ans : 2
2
x
56. dx Ans :
0 1 x 1 x 2
4
1
57. tan x tan x tan 2 xdx Ans : log sec 2 x log sec x log sec( x ) c
2
1 cos x x
58. dx Ans : log sec x tan x 2 tan c
cos x 1 cos x 2
sin x cos x
59. dx Ans : log sin x cos x c
1 sin 2 x
tan x 1
60. dx Ans : log a cos 2 x b sin 2 x c
a b tan 2 x 2 b a
1 1 1 4
61. dx Ans : ln 1 cos x ln 1 cos x ln 1 2 cos x c
sin x sin 2 x 6 2 3
sin 2 x
2
1
62. Pr ove : log 2 1
0
sin x cos x 2
Page 42 of 66
I
x 3
3
dx
3
Ans : x 1 2 x 2 1 3log x x 2 1 c
1 2
63. x2 1 3
4
x
[Link]: 1 sin 2 x cos 2 xdx
0
Ans:
16
log 2
1 x x
[Link]: e x 3
1
dx Ans: e x c
1 x 1 x 1 x
2
2 2 2 2
Level 3
2
cos x
66.
1 ex
dx
2 Ans: 1
1 1
1
1
x x
67. x 3 e x
dx Ans : e x
x x 1 c
x
2
x2 8
68. dx Ans :
2
1 5x 3
1
2
dx 1 2
69. Ans : tan 1
0 1 x 2
1 x2 2 3
3sin x 2 cos x 12 5
[Link] : 3cos x 2sin x dx Ans :
13
x log 3cos x 2sin x c
13
a
dx
x a x 2 2
Ans :
4
71. 0
72.
x x 1
dx
4
1
Ans : tan 1
2
x4 1 c
[Link] the integral: f ( x) g ''( x) f ''( x) g ( x) dx Ans : f ( x) g '( x) f '( x) g ( x) c
dx x
[Link] tan a b . Find the values of a and b. Ans : a ; b c (Arbitrary constant)
1 sin x 2 4
1
et
0 1 t dt a 1
et e
75. , then find the value of dt Ans : a 1
1 t
2
0
2
Page 43 of 66
Page 44 of 66
Ch 9 Differential Equation
Level-I
dy
1. Integrating factor of the differential equation y tan x sec x 0 is :
dx
a) cos x b) secx c) ecos x d) esec x
dx x
2. A homogeneous differential equation of the type h can be solved by making the substitution:
dy y
a) 𝑦 = 𝑣𝑥 b) 𝑣 = 𝑦𝑥 c) 𝑥 = 𝑣𝑦 d) 𝑥 = 𝑦
d2y
3. For the differential equation y 0 if there is a function y ( x) that will satisfy it, then the function
dx 2
y ( x) is called
(a) solution curve only (b) integral curve only
(c) solution curve or integral curve (d) None of the above
4. To solve first order linear differential equation, we use following steps:
I. Write the solution of the given differential equation as y( IF ) (Q IF )dx C
dy
II. Write the given differential equation in the form Py Q, where P and Q are constants or functions of
dx
x only.
III. Find the integrating factor ( IF ) e
Pdx
.
The correct order of the above steps is
(a) II, III, I (b) II, I, III (c) III, I, II (d) I, III, II
dy
5. The integrating factor of the differential equation x y 2 x 2 is
dx
1
a) e x b) e y c) d) x
x
3
d 4 y dy
2 2
6. Obtain the order and degree (if defined) of following differential equation: 4 x .
dx dx
Ans: 4; 2
4
dy d2y
7. Obtain the order and degree (if defined) of following differential equation 3 2 0 .
dx dx
Ans:2;1
2
dy dy
8. Obtain the order and degree (if defined) of following differential equation: y x a 1 .
dx dx
Ans: 1; N.D
2
d 2 y dy
2
dy
9. Obtain the order and degree (if defined) of following differential equation: 2 x sin .
dx dx dx
Ans: 2; N.D
Page 45 of 66
10. What is the number of arbitrary constants in the general solution of a differential equation of order 2?
Ans:2
11. What is the number of arbitrary constants in the particular solution of a differential equation of order 3?
Ans: 0
12. Evaluate the differential equation: 3e x tan ydx (1 e x )sec2 y dy 0 Ans : 1 e x c tan y
3
x x
13. Solve the differential equation: 2 ye dx ( y 2 xe )dy 0 , given that y = 1 when x = 0.
y y
Ans : 2e y log y 2
y
14. Solve the differential equation: ( x 2 y)dy (2 x y)dx 0 Ans : tan 1 log x 2 y 2 c
x
dy
15. Solve the differential equation: 1 x 2 y 2 x 2 y 2 , given that y = 1 when x = 0.
dx
x3
Ans : y tan x
3 4
e2 x y dx
16. Write the integrating factor of the differential equation 1. Ans : e2 x
x x dy
y
Ans : log x log x y c
2
17. Solve the differential equation: (x2 + xy) dy = (x2 + y2)dx.
x
Level-II
dy
18. If cosx is an integrating factor of the differential equation Py Q, then P can be
dx
a) -tanx b) cotx c) tanx d)logcosx
3
19. The order of the differential equation whose solution is y cx c2 3c 2 2, where c is a parameter is:
(a) 0 order (b) 1st order (c) 3rd order (d) None
20. Evaluate the differential equation: 3e x tan ydx (1 e x )sec2 y dy 0
Ans : 1 e x c tan y
3
x x
21. Solve the differential equation: 2 ye y dx ( y 2 xe y )dy 0 , given that y = 1 when x = 0.
x
Ans : 2e log y 2
y
dy
22. Write the integrating factor of the differential equation: x log x y 2 log x . Ans: logx
dx
dy x y
23. Solve the differential equation: cos( x y ) sin( x y ) Ans : log 1 tan xc
dx 2
Page 46 of 66
24. Find the general solution of the differential equation: (1 tan y)(dx dy) 2 xdy 0.
Ans : xe y (sin y cos y ) e y sin y C.
dy 1 1 x2 1
25. Solve: 1 x 2 y 2 x 2 y 2 xy 0. Ans : 1 y 2 1 x2 log c
dx 2 1 x2 1
dy
26. Find the general solution of the differential equation: sin 1 x y.
dx
Ans : tan( x y) sec( x y) x c.
dy x y cos x
27. Find the particular solution of the differential equation: , given that y=1 when x=0.
dx 1 sin x
Ans: 2y 1 sinx x 2 2 0
dy
28. Show that the differential equation is homogeneous and solve it: 2 xy x2 3 y 2 .
dx
Ans: x 2 y 2 x3c
dy y2
29. Show that the differential equation is homogeneous and solve it: .
dx xy x 2
y y
Ans : log log x C
x x
Level-III
dy
30. If the solution of y e x , y (0) 1 is y F ( x)e x , then find F x .
dx Ans: x+1
dx
31. If the solution of sin 3 x sin y is A cos y B sin x C sin 3x D, then find the value of A B C .
dy
Ans:1/3
d
32. Find the general solution of the differential equation: y ( xy ) x(sin x log x)
dx
x3 x3
Ans : x 2 y x 2 cos x 2 x sin x 2cos x log x c
3 9
Case Study
33. A bacteria sample of certain number of bacteria is observed to grow exponentially in a given amount of time.
Using exponential growth model, the rate of growth of this sample of bacteria is calculated.
Page 47 of 66
The differential equation representing the growth of bacteria is given as:
dP
=kP, where P is the population of bacteria at any time ‘t’.
dt
Based on the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Obtain the general solution of the given differential equation and express it as an exponential function of ‘t’.
(2)
(ii) If population of bacteria is 1000 at t = 0, and 2000 at t = 1, find the value of k. (2)
Ans : i P ekt c (ii)k = log 2
Answers
1c 2c 3c 4a 5c 18a 19b
Page 48 of 66
Ch10 Vectors
Level-I
1. If a and b are unit vectors, then the angle between a and b for 3 a b to be a unit vector is:
(a) 30o (b) 45o (c) 60o (d) 90o
2. If a b a b then the vectors a and b are adjacent side of
(a) a rectangle (b) a square (c) a rhombus (d) None of these
3. Two or more vectors having the same initial point are called
(a) unit vectors (b) zero vectors (c) coinitial vectors (d) collinear vectors
4. Which of the following represents graphically the displacement of 40 km, 30° East of North?
5. Using vectors, find the value of k such that (k, -10, 3), (1, -1, 3) and (3, 5, 3) are collinear. Ans k=-2
6. Find ‘a’ and ‘b’ if (iˆ 3 ˆj 9kˆ) (3iˆ ajˆ bkˆ) 0 . Ans; a = -9; b = 27
7. Find the angle between the vectors a b and b a . Ans :
8. In a triangle OAC, if B is midpoint of the side AC and OA a, OB b , then what is OC ?
Ans : 2b a
9. Find the value of a.b , if a 10, b 2 & a b 16 . Ans 12
2 2
10. If a b a.b 400 and a 5 , then find the value of b Ans 4
11. If a b 60, a b 40 and a 22, then find b . Ans 46
12. The vectors a 3iˆ 2 ˆj 2kˆ and b iˆ 2kˆ are the adjacent sides of a parallelogram. Find the acute angle
between its diagonals. Ans :
4
13. If the sum of two-unit vectors is a unit vector, prove that the magnitude of their difference is 3 .
1
Ans :
14. For what value of p, is p(iˆ ˆj kˆ) a unit vector? 3
Page 49 of 66
15. If a xiˆ 2 ˆj zkˆ and b 3iˆ yjˆ kˆ are two equal vectors, then write the value of x y z. Ans 0
2 6
Ans :
16. If is the angle between two vectors iˆ 2 ˆj 3kˆ and 3iˆ 2 ˆj kˆ , find sin . 7
17. Find when the scalar projection of a iˆ ˆj 4kˆ on b 2iˆ 6 ˆj 3kˆ is 4 units. Ans; 5
18. Find the value of p, if (2iˆ 6 ˆj 27kˆ) ( iˆ 3 ˆj pkˆ) 0 . Ans 27/2
19. If a and b are perpendicular vectors, a b 13 and a 5 , find the value of b . Ans 12
20. Find the value of a b , if a 4, b 3 and a.b 6 3 Ans 6
21. If a and b are adjacent sides of a parallelogram, then prove that its diagonals are b a .
Level-II
22. If the vectors iˆ 2 x ˆj 3 y kˆ and iˆ 2 x ˆj 3 y kˆ are perpendicular, then the locus of (x,y) is
(a) a circle (b) an ellipse (c) a hyperbola (d) None of the these
23. If a iˆ a (iˆ ˆj ) a (iˆ ˆj kˆ) 1, then a is equal to
(a) 0 (b) iˆ (c) ĵ (d) iˆ ˆj kˆ
24. ABCDEF is a regular hexagon where centre O is the origin. If the position vectors of A and B are
iˆ ˆj 2kˆ and 2iˆ ˆj kˆ respectively, then BC is equal to
a) iˆ ˆj 2kˆ b) iˆ ˆj 2kˆ c) 3iˆ 3 ˆj 4kˆ d) None of these
15 ˆ
25. If a is a vector of magnitude 50, collinear with the vector b 6iˆ 8 ˆj k and makes an acute angle with
2
the positive direction of Z-axis, then a is equal to
a) 24iˆ 32 ˆj 30kˆ b) 24iˆ 32 ˆj 30kˆ c) 12iˆ 16 ˆj 15kˆ d) 12iˆ 16 ˆj 15kˆ
26. The non-zero vectors a , b and c are related by a = 8 b and c = – 7 b , then the angle between a and c is
a) b) 0 c) d)
4 2
27. If a and b are unit vectors inclined at an angle of 30° to each other, then which one of the following is
correct?
a) a b 1 b) 1 a b 2 c) a b 2 d) a b 2
(a) For any two vectors 𝑎⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗ , which of the following statements is always true ?𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ ≥ |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|
(b) 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ = |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|
(c) 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ ≤ |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|
(d) 𝑎⃗. 𝑏⃗⃗ < |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|
28. An Let 𝑎⃗ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏⃗⃗ be two non - zero vectors. Prove that |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗ | ≤ |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|. State the condition under which
equality holds true, i.e. |𝑎⃗ × 𝑏⃗⃗| = |𝑎⃗||𝑏⃗⃗|. Ans: a b
Page 50 of 66
29. Let a 2iˆ ˆj , b i 2 ˆj and c 4i 3 j . Find the values of x and y such that c xa yb .
Ansx=-1, y=2
30. Write the condition, when the vector a + b bisects the angle between the non collinear vectors a and b .
Ans a b
31. If r.a 0, r.b 0 and r.c 0 for some non-zero vectors, then find the value of a. b c Ans 0
32. If a 3 and 2 k 1 , then what can you say about ka ? Ans 0 k a 6
33. If a and b are unit vectors, then what is the angle between a and b so that a 2b may be unit vector?
Ans
4
34. If a , b and c be three vectors such that a b c 0 , then prove that a b b c c a .
35. If a b b c 0 , show that a c mb where m is a scalar.
36. If for three non-zero vectors a , b and c ; a.b a.c and a b a c , then show that b c .
37. If a , b and c are mutually perpendicular vectors of equal magnitude, then prove that a b c makes an angle of
1
cos 1 with each of vectors a , b and c .
3
a b
38. If a and b are two-unit vectors and θ is the angle between them, then show that: tan
2 ab
39. If a b c d and a c b d , prove that a d is parallel to b c , provided a d and b c .
Ans :
40. If a b c 0 and a 3, b 5 and c 7 , then find the angle between a and b . 3
41. If a , b , c are position vectors of vertices A,B,C of a triangle ABC, show that area of triangle is
1
ab bc ca .
2
1
42. If a parallelogram whose diagonal vectors are d1 and d 2 , then prove that Ar= d1 d 2 .
2
43. If a , b , c are unit vectors, suppose a.b a.c 0 and angle between c and b is
6
. Prove that a 2 b c .
44. a , b , c are three non-zero vectors such that a b c, b c a .Prove that a , b , c are mutually at right angles
and b 1 , c a .
45. What is the cosine of the angle which the vector 2iˆ ˆj kˆ makes with y axis? Ans 1/2
Page 51 of 66
46. If a b a b , show that a and b are perpendicular.
Level-III
47. If A, B, C, D and E are five coplanar points, then DA DB DC AE BE CE is equal to
(a) DE (b) 3 DE (c) 2 DE (d) 4 ED
48. If a iˆ ˆj kˆ and b ˆj kˆ , find a vector c such that a c b and a.c 3 .
Ans : c
1
3
5i 2 j 2k
49. If p iˆ ˆj kˆ and q iˆ 2 ˆj kˆ, find a vector of magnitude 5 3 units perpendicular to the vector q and
coplanar with vectors p and q. Ans : r 5(iˆ ˆj kˆ)
50. Find the value(s) of a for which the vector r a 2 9 iˆ 2 ˆj a 2 16 kˆ makes acute angles with the
coordinate axes. Ans : a 4, 3 3, 4
2
51. If a a , then find the value of the following a iˆ a ˆj a kˆ
2 2
Ans : 2a2
52. If i j k bisects the angle between c and 3i 4 j . Find a unit vector in the direction of c .
1
Ans : 11i 10 j 2kˆ
15
MCQ Answers:1a 2a 3c 4c 22b 23b 24b 25a 26a 27b 46b
Page 52 of 66
Ch 11 3-Dimensional Geometry
Section A (MCQs)
Level-1
x 2 y 5 z 1
1. The coordinates of the point, where the line cuts the yz –plane.
1 2 5
(a) (0, 1, 2) (b) (0, -9, -11) (c) (-2, 0, 0) (d) (0, -5, -1)
2. The distance of the point (,,) from the x-axis is
(a) (b) 2 2 (c) 2 2 (d) 2 2
3. Find the angle between the lines: 2x 3y z and 6x y 4z.
a) 0o b) 90o c)45o d) 30o
1 1 1
4. Direction ratios of two lines are a, b, c and , , , then the lines are
bc ca ab
(a) Mutually perpendicular (b) Parallel (c) Coincident (d) None of these
x3 2 y z 4
5. Which of the following cannot be the direction ratios of the straight line: ?
2 3 1
a) 2, 3,1 b) 2, 3,1 c) 2, 3, 1 d) 6, 9, 3 Ans: c
6. If a line makes angles , , with the positive direction of coordinate axes, then find the value of
cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 . Ans -1
x y z
7. Write the equation of x axis in 3-D Geometry. Ans:
1 0 0
8. Find the reflection of the point , , in the xy plane. Ans : , ,
9. If a line makes angles , , with the positive direction of coordinate axes, then find the value of
sin 2 sin 2 sin 2 . Ans: 2
x 2 y 1 z 3
10. Find point(s) on the line which are at a distance of 3 2 from the point (1, 2, 3).
3 2 2
56 43 111
Ans : , ,
17 17 17
x y 1 z 2
11. A perpendicular is drawn from point A (1,6,3) to the line l : , answer the following
1 2 3
questions
i. Find the coordinates of the foot of the perpendicular. Ans (1, 3, 5)
ii. Find the image of the point A in the line l. Ans (1,0,7)
iii. Find the perpendicular distance between point A and the line l. Ans 13
x 1 y 6 z 3
iv. Find the equation of perpendicular line to l and passing through point A. Ans
0 3 2
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x 2 2y 5
12. If the equation of a line is , z 1, then find the direction ratios of the line and a point on the
2 3
line.
5
Ans : dr ' s : 4, 3, 0 ; Point : 2, , 1
2
13. Find the vector equation of a line passing through the point (2,3,2) and parallel to the line
r 2iˆ 3 ˆj 2iˆ 3 ˆj 6kˆ . Also find the distance between these lines. Ans:
2 145
7
Level-2
14. Two lines x ay b, z cy d and x a ' y b' , z c ' y d ' are perpendicular to each other if:
a c a c
(a) aa' cc' 1 (b) ' ' 1 (c) ' ' 1 (d) aa' cc' 1
a c a c
x 1 y 2 z 3 x 2 y 3 z 1
15. If the straight lines and intersect at a point, then the integer k is
k 2 3 3 k 3
equal to
a) -5 b) 5 c) 2 d) -2
16. Find the equation of the line 𝑙2 which is mirror image of the line 𝑙1 with respect to line l :
𝑥 𝑦−1 𝑧−2
= = , given that line 𝑙1 passes through the point P(1,6,3) and parallel to line l.
1 2 3
x 1 y z 7
Ans:
1 2 3
17. Two vertices of the parallelogram ABCD are given as A(1, 2,1) and B 1, 2,5 . If the equation of the line
x 4 y 7 z 8
passing through C and D is , then find the distance between sides AB and CD. Hence,
1 2 2
26
find the area of parallelogram ABCD. Ans: d , Area 2 26 units.
3
18. The x coordinate of a point on the line joining the points P(2,2,1) and Q(5,1,-2) is 4. Find its z coordinate.
Ans: z = -1
x 1 y 3 z 5 x2 y4 z 6
19. Show that the lines and are coplanar. Also find the point of
3 5 7 1 3 5
intersection.
20. Find the equation of line of shortest distance between the given two lines
x 4 y 2 z 3 x5 y 3 z x y z 3
and . Ans :
4 2 0 5 3 0 0 0 1
x 1 y 5 z
21. Find the equation of a line passing through point (2, 3, 4) and perpendicular to the lines and
1 1 1
x 1 y 3 z 2 x 2 y 3 z 4
. Ans :
3 2 1 1 4 5
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x 1 y 2 z a x 4 y 1
22. Find the value of ‘a’ so that the following lines are skew: , z.
2 3 4 5 2
Ans: a R 3
Level-3
23. The line which passes through the origin and intersect the two lines
x 1 y 3 z 5 x 4 y 3 z 14
; , is
2 4 3 2 3 4
x y z x y z x y z x y z
a) b) c) d)
1 3 5 1 3 5 1 3 5 1 4 5
x 2 y 3 z 1 x 1 y 2 z 3
24. Find the equation of the line which intersects the lines and and
1 2 4 2 3 4
passes through the point (1, 1, 1).
x 1 y 1 z 1
Ans :
3 10 17
25. Find the angles between the lines whose direction cosines are given by the equation l m n 0 and
l 2 m2 n 2 0 Ans : / 3 .
26. Show that the straight lines whose direction cosines are given by the equation 2l+2m-n=0 and mn+nl+lm=0
are at right angles.
x 2 y 5 z 1
27. Find the coordinates of the point, where the line cuts the yz –plane. Ans: (0,11,9)
1 3 5
x3 y 3 z
28. Find the equations of two lines through the origin which intersect the line at angle of
2 1 1 3
x y z x y z
each. Ans : &
1 2 1 1 1 2
29. The equation of motion of a missile is x 3t , y -4t , z t , where‘t’ is the time in seconds and the distance is
measured in kilometers. Based on the above information, answer the following questions.
(i) What is the path of the missile?
(a) straight line (b) parabola (c) circle (d) ellipse
(ii) Which of the following points lie on the path of the missile?
(a) (6, 8, 2) (b) (6, -8, -2) (c) (6, -8, 2) (d) (-6, -8, 2)
(iii) At what distance will the missile be from the starting point (0, 0, 0) in 5 seconds?
(a) 550 km (b) 650 km
(c) 450 km (d) 750 km
(iv) If the position of missile at a certain instant of time is (30, -40, 10), then what will be the height of the
missile from the ground? (The ground is considered as the xy-plane)
(a) 30 km (b) 40 km
(c) 50km (d) 10 km
Answers
Page 55 of 66
1b 2c 3b 4b 12d 13a 19a 26(i)a (ii)c (iii)b (iv)d
Page 56 of 66
Ch 12 Linear Programming Problems
Level-I
1. L.P.P is a process of finding
(a) Maximum value of objective function (b) Minimum value of objective function
(c) Optimum value of objective function (d) None of these
2. Corner points of feasible region of inequalities gives
(a) optimal solution of L.P.P. (b) objective function
(c) constraints. (d) linear assumption
3. The optimal value of the objective function is attained at the points
(a) Given by intersection of inequations with axes only
(b) Given by intersection of inequations with x- axis only
(c) Given by corner points of the feasible region
(d) None of these
4. Which of the following statement is correct?
(a) Every L.P.P. admits an optimal solution
(b) A L.P.P. admits a unique optimal solution
(c) If a L.P.P. admits two optimal solutions, it has an infinite number of optimal solutions
(d) The set of all feasible solutions of a L.P.P. is not a convex set.
5. Objective function of a L.P.P. is
(a) a constant
(b) a function to be optimized
(c) a relation between the variables
(d) None of these
6. The area of the feasible region for the following constraints 3 y x 3, x 0, y 0 will be
(a) Bounded (b) Unbounded (c) Convex (d) Concave
7. The value of objective function is maximum under linear constraints, is
(a) At the centre of feasible region (b) At (0, 0)
(c) At any vertex of feasible region (d) The vertex which is at maximum distance from (0, 0)
8. The number of corner points of the L.P.P. Max Z = 20x + 3y subject to the constraints
x y 5, 2x 3 y 12, x 0, y 0 are
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 1
9. Corner points of the feasible region determined by the system of linear constraints are (0, 3), (1, 1) and (3, 0)
. Let Z = px + qy, where p, q > 0. Condition on p and q so that the minimum of Z occurs at (3, 0) and (1, 1) is
q
(a) p = 2 q (b) p (c) p = 3 q (d) p = q
2
10. If the corner points of the feasible region for an LPP are (0, 2), (3, 0), (6, 0), (6, 8) and (0, 5) then the
minimum value of the objective function F=4x + 6y occurs at q5 p101 bansal
(a)(0, 2) only (b) (3, 0) only
(c) the mid-point of the line segment joining the points (0, 2) and (3, 0) only
(d) every point on the line segment joining the points (0, 2) and (3, 0).
11. The graph of the inequality 2x + 3y > 6 is
(a)half plane that contains the origin
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(b) half plane that neither contains origin nor the points of the line 2x + 3Y = 6
(c) whole XOY-plane excluding the points on the line 2x + 3y = 6
(d) entire XOY-plane.
12. In an LPP if the objective function Z = ax + by has same maximum value on two corner points of the feasible
region, then the number of points at which maximum value of Z occurs is
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) finite (d) infinite
13. Which of the following represents the correct feasible region determined by the following constraints of an LPP?
x y 10, 2x 2 y 25, x 0, y 0. Ans: c
14. An objective function 𝑍 = 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 is maximum at points ( 8,2) and (4, 6) and b 0 , and ab = 25, then the
maximum value of the function is equal to :
a) 60 b) 50 c) 40 d) 80 Ans : 50
15. The common region determined by all the constraints of a linear programming problem is called:
(a) An unbounded region (b) an optimal region
(c) a bounded region (d) a feasible region.
Ans: (d)
16. The restrictions imposed on decision variables involved in an objective function of a linear programming
problem are called:
(a) Feasible solutions (b) Constraints
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(c) Optimal solutions (d) Infeasible solution
Ans: (b)
17. Of the following, which group of constraints represents the feasible region given below:
(a) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 76, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 104, 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
(b) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≤ 76, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 104, 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
(c) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 76, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 104, 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
(d) 𝑥 + 2𝑦 ≥ 76, 2𝑥 + 𝑦 ≥ 104, 𝑥, 𝑦 ≥ 0
Ans: (c)
Level-II
18. Consider the objective function Z = 40x + 50y. The minimum number of constraints that are required to
maximize Z are
(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 1
Assertion- Reason Question
In the following question two statements are given one labelled Assertion(A) and the other labelled
Reason (R). Select the correct answer from the codes (a), (b), (c) and (d) as given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of the assertion
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of the assertion
(c) A is true, but R is false
(d) A is false, but R is true
19. Assertion: If a L.P.P. admits two optimal solutions then it has infinitely many optimal solutions.
Reason: If the value of the objective function of a LPP is same at two corners then it is same at every point
on the line joining two corner points.
Case Study
20. The month of September is celebrated as the Rashtriya Poshan Maah across the country. Following a healthy
and well-balanced diet is crucial in order to supply the body with the proper nutrients it needs. A balanced
diet also keeps us mentally fit and promotes improved level of energy.
Page 59 of 66
A dietician wishes to minimize the cost of a diet involving two types of foods, food X (x kg) and food Y(y kg)
which are available at the rate of Rs 16/kg and Rs 20/kg respectively. The feasible region satisfying the
constraints is shown in Figure-2.
On the basis of the above information, answer the following questions:
(i) Identify and write all the constraints which determine the given feasible region in Figure-2. (2)
(ii) If the objective is to minimize cost Z = 16x + 20y, find the values of x and y at which cost is
minimum. Also, find minimum cost assuming that minimum cost is possible for the given unbounded
region. (2)
i x 2 y 10; x y 6; 3x y 8; x 0; y 0
Ans :
(ii) x 2, y 4; Min Cost Rs 112.
Answers
1c 2a 3c 4c 5b 6b 7c 8a 9b 10d 11b 12d 13c 14a
Page 60 of 66
Chapter – 13 Probability
Level 1
5 1 1
1. If A & B are events such that P ( A B) , P( A B) , P B , then A & B are :
6 3 2
a) Dependent b) Independent c) Mutually exclusive d) None of these.
Ans: b
2. In a competition A, B and C are participating. The probability that A wins is twice that of B, the probability that B
wins is twice that of C, then the probability that A wins is :
1 2 3 4
a) b) c) d)
7 7 7 7 Ans: d
3. If A and B are two events such P( A) 0 and P( B) 1, then P A / B
1 P A B
b) 1 P A / B
P ( A)
a) 1 P A / B c) d)
p( B) p( B) Ans: c
4. A card is drawn from a deck of 52 cards. If two events are performed while drawing a card as “card drawn is a
club” & “the card drawn is an ace”, then the events are :
a) Mutually exclusive & independent
b) Not mutually exclusive but independent.
c) Not mutually exclusive but independent.
d) Neither mutually exclusive nor independent. Ans: b
5. If P A 0.2, P B p and P A B 0.12 , find the value of p given that A and B are independent.
2
Ans :
5
6. If A and B are two events such that P A P B P A B P A , then find the value of P A | B
Ans: 1
7. A drunken person takes a step forward with probability 0.4 and backward with probability 0.6. Find the probability
C6 0.24
11 5
Ans :
that at the end of 11 steps, he is just one step away from the starting point.
7 9 4
PE , PF and P E F
8. If 13 13 13 , then evaluate
(i) P E '/ F (ii) P E / F ' (iii) P E '/ F '
5 3 1
Ans : (i) (ii) (iii)
9 4 4
Level 2
9. Three numbers are chosen at random from 1 to 20. The probability that they are consecutive is
Page 61 of 66
1 1 3 5
i. ii. iii. iv.
190 120 190 190
3
Ans :
190
10. If A and B are two events such that P A B , P A B and P A , then events A & B are
1 1 1
6 4 4
i. Independent but not equally likely
ii. Mutually exclusive and independent
iii. Equally likely and mutually exclusive.
iv. Equally likely but dependent
Ans : i
A 1 B 1
11. For two events A & B, if P( A) P & P , then
B 4 A 2
A' 3 B' 1
a) A & B are independent b) P c) P d) All of these.
B 4 A' 2
Ans : d
12. In a family of three children, the probability of having at least one boy in a family is :
3 4 7 3
a) b) c) d)
7 7 8 8
Ans : c
13. Two aero planes, first and second bomb a target in succession. The probabilities of first and second scoring a hit
correctly are 0.3 and 0.2 respectively. The second plane will bomb only if the first plane misses the target. The
probability that the target is hit by the second plane is
1 7 3 7
a) b) c) d)
5 10 50 22
Ans : d
14. 12 balls are distributed among 3 boxes, find the probability that first box will contain 3 balls.
12C3 29
Ans :
312
15. If A and B’ are independent events, then prove that P A B 1 P A P B .
16. A speaks truth in 75% cases and B speaks truth in 80% cases. Find the probability that they contradict each other
7
in a statement. Ans :
20
17. The probability of finding a green signal on a busy crossing X is 30%. What is the probability of finding a green
signal on X on two consecutive days out of three?
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Ans: 0.126
18. Two persons A and B take turns in throwing a pair of die. The first person to throw 9 from both dice will be awarded
8
the prize. If A throws first, then find the probability that B wins the game. Ans :
17
19. In an examination, an examinee either guesses or copies or knows the answer of multiple choice questions with
1 1
four choices. The probability that he makes a guess is and probability that he copies the answer is . The
3 6
1
probability that this answer is correct, given that he copied it, is . Find the probability the he knew the answer to
8
24
the question, given that he correctly answered it. Ans :
29
20. A letter is known to have come either from TATANAGAR or from CALCUTTA. On the envelope, just two
consecutive letters TA are visible. What is the probability that the letter came from TATA NAGAR.
7
Ans :
11
21. A letter is known to have come either from LONDON or CLIFTON. On the envelope just 2 consecutive letters ON
are visible. What is the probability that the letters come from (i) LONDON (ii) CLIFTON
12 5
Ans : ,
17 17
22. A bag contains 6 red and 8 black balls, and another bag contains 8 red and 6 black balls. A ball is drawn from first
bag and without noticing its colour it's put in second bag. Then a ball is drawn from second bag, find the probability
59
that ball drawn is red in colour. Ans :
105
23. A class consists of 80 students. 30 of them are girls and remaining boys, 10 of them are rich and remaining poor,
20 of them are fair complexioned and others not. What is the probability of selecting a fair complexioned rich girl?
3
Ans :
256
24. Three critics review a book. Odds in favor of book are 5:2, 4:3 and 3:4 respectively for three critics. Find the
209
probability that majority are in favor of book. Ans :
343
25. Two cards are drawn from a pack of 52 playing cards at random and kept out. Then one card is drawn from the
9
remaining 50 cards. Find the probability that it is an ace. Ans :
50
26. Three cards are drawn with replacement from a well shuffled pack of cards. Find the probability that
[Link] cards drawn are king, queen and jack respectively.
[Link] cards drawn are king, queen and jack.
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1 6
Ans: (i) 2197 (ii) 2197
27. The probability of simultaneous occurrence of at least one of two events A and B is p. If the probability that exactly
one of A , B occur is q, then prove that P( A ') P( B ') 2 2 p q .
28. Bag A contains 3 red and 5 black balls, while bag B contains 4 red and 4 black balls. Two balls are transferred at
random from bag A to bag B and then a ball is drawn from bag B at random. If the ball drawn from bag B is found
18
Ans :
to be red. Find the probability the 2 red balls were transferred from bag A to bag B. 133
29. In an urn there are 4 red and 4 blue balls. Find the probability of drawing the first ball as red, second as blue, third
3
Ans :
as red, fourth as blue and so on. 35
30. There are 40 hard working scholars in a class, out of which 10 are sports persons, out of these 3 scholars are selected,
write the probability distribution of selected persons who are sports person also.
Ans:
X 0 1 2 3
P(X) 10C3 30C1 10C2 30C2 10C1 30C3
40C3 40C3 40C3 40C3
31. Lot A consists of articles: 3 are good and 2 are defective, while lot B consists of articles: 4 are good and 1 defective.
If a new lot C is to be formed by taking 3 articles from A and 2 from B, then find the probability that the article
8
chosen for new lot C is defective? Ans :
25
32. A card is drawn from a well shuffled deck of 52 cards. The card drawn is found to be a spade. Then find the
1
probability that it is an ace? Ans :
13
33. The probability that at least one of the events A & B happens is 0.6. If the probability of their simultaneous
occurrence is 0.2, then find P A P B Ans :1.2
34. A bag contains 20 balls numbered from 1 to 20. If five balls are drawn at random and arranged in ascending
order, find the probability that the third ball is at number 14.
13C2 1 6C2
Ans :
20C5
35. .A bag contains one black ball and two white balls. A ball is drawn from the bag in such a way that if the ball drawn
is white it is kept out of the bag after drawing it, rather if its black the ball is put back in bag, find the probability
of :
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(i) The first ball drawn is white. (1)
(ii) The second ball drawn is a white ball. (2)
(iii) The third ball drawn is a white ball. (2)
2 5 19
Ans : (i ) , (ii ) , (iii )
3 9 54
36. Three numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from six positive integers. Let X denotes the largest
of three numbers obtained. Find the probability distribution of X.
Ans:
X 3 4 5 6
P(x) 1/20 3/20 3/10 ½
37. A shopkeeper sells three types of flower seeds A1, A2 and A3 . they are sold as a mixture where the proportions are
4 : 4 : 2 respectively. The germination rates of the three types of seeds are 45%, 60% and 35%. Calculate the
probability
(i)Of a randomly chosen seed to germinate
(ii)That it will not germinate given that the seed is of types A3.
(iii)That it is of the types A2, given that a randomly chosen seed does not germinate.
16
Ans: (i) 0.49 (ii) 0.65 (iii)
51
Level 3
38. A bag contains 25 tickets numbers from 1 to 25. A ticket is drawn and then another ticket is drawn without
11
replacement. Find the probability that both the tickets will show even numbers. Ans :
50
39. Three integers are selected at random from integers 1 to 11. Find the probability that the selected integers form AP.
5
Ans :
33
40. Three numbers are selected at random (without replacement) from six positive integers. Let X denotes the smallest
of three numbers obtained. Find the probability distribution of X.
Ans:
X 1 2 3 4
P(x) 10/20 6/20 3/20 1/20
41. There are two boxes I and II. Box I contain 3 red and 6 black balls. Box II contains 5 red and ‘n’ black balls. One
of the two boxes is selected at random, and a ball is drawn at random. This ball is found to be red. If the probability
that this red ball comes out from box II is 3/5, find the value of ‘n’ Ans: n=5
Page 65 of 66
42. A bag contains 4 balls. Two balls are drawn at random and are found to be white. What is the probability that all
3
balls are white? Ans :
10
, P A | B and P A B , then prove that P A B P A B 1 .
3 1 4
43. If P B
5 2 5
44. A bag contains (2n+1) coins. It is known that n of these coins have a head on both sides whereas the rest of the
coins are fair. A coin is picked up at random from the bag and is tossed. If the probability that the
31
toss results in a head is , determine the value of n. Ans: n =10
42
Case Study
45. Let A & B be two friends. Their chances of solving a problem correctly are 1/3 and1/4 respectively. If probability
of their making a common error is 1/20, and they obtain the same answer, using the given information answer the
following :
(i) Both of them solve the problem correctly.
(ii) Exactly one of them solves the problem.
(iii) If E is the event that they got the same answer, find the probability that their answer is correct.
1 5 10
Ans: i) 12 ii) 12 iii) 13
Page 66 of 66
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