CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA
FINAL EXAMINATION
COURSE ELECTRICAL POWER AND MACHINES
COURSE CODE EPE491/KJK529/559
EXAMINATION JULY 2024
TIME 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
1. This question paper consists of five (5) questions
2. Answer ALL questions in the Answer Booklet. Start each answer on a new page.
3. Do not bring any material into the examination room unless permission is given by the
invigilator.
4. Please check to make sure that this examination pack consists of:
i) the Question Paper
ii) a one - page Appendix 1
Hi) an Answer Booklet - provided by the School
5. Answer ALL questions in English.
DO NOT TURN THIS PAGE UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO
This examination paper consists of 5 printed pages
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2 CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
QUESTION 1
a) List TWO (2) advantages and disadvantages of overhead and underground
transmission lines.
(4 marks)
b) Figure Q1b shows a one-line diagram of a power system consists of a 400 V, 60 Hz,
three-phase generator that supplies three loads in parallel. Assuming the transmission
line is lossless. Determine the following:
i) The total real, reactive, and apparent power consumed by all the loads,
ii) The overall power factor of the system
iii) The total line current.
wye-connected
Load A 50 kVar
p.f = 0.8 lagging
f=^
vJ
II
Load B
wye-connected
10 kW
Purely resistive load
delta-connected
LoadC 20 hp
p.f = 0.7 lagging
Figure Q1b
(12 marks)
c) A magnetic circuit made of a cast steel core is shown in Figure Q1c. The cast steel
core has a mean length, cross-sectional area, and relative permeability of 40 cm,
10 cm 2 , and 3000 respectively. The air gap is 0.05 cm wide.
i) Draw and label a magnetic circuit of the ferromagnetic core.
ii) Find the value of total reluctance.
(6 marks)
) Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
3 CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
40 cm
I— n
I
I
• C
?
Air gap -*• C
1 "? 300
1 y
I
l ">
l
Figure Q1c
QUESTION 2
a) A 20 kVA, 2400/240 V, single-phase transformer has the following parameters: Ri
= 5 O, R2 = 15 Q the leakage reactance is Xi = 0.05 Q and X2 = 0.15 Q. Draw the
equivalent circuit of this transformer. Then, calculate the full-load voltage
regulation of the transformer when operated at rated secondary voltage (referred
to as the secondary side) with a 0.85 power factor lagging.
(12 marks)
b) List FOUR (4) characteristics of an ideal transformer that distinguish it from real
transformers.
(4 marks)
QUESTION 3
a) An induction motor is defines as an AC electric motor in which the electric current
in the rotor that produces torque is obtained by electromagnetic induction from the
magnetic field of the stator winding. Describe the principle operation of a 3 phase
induction motor.
(4 marks)
b) A 4-pole, star-connected three-phase induction motor operates from 50 Hz supply
with a line voltage of 450 V. The equivalent per phase circuit parameters referred to
the stator are given as follows:
/?! = 2.3 n R7 = 2.5 n Rc = 3.5 n
Xx = 3 . i n Xn = 3.5 n Xm = 75 n
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
4 CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
Using the approximate equivalent circuit at full-load slip of 0.05, determine:
i) Slip speed of the rotor.
ii) The stator and rotor phase current.
iii) The output power if rational losses are 150 W
(10 marks)
c) An induction motor starts usually there is large starting current flows in the line. This
initial excessive current may affect the operation of other electrical equipment
connected to the same line. If a large current flows for a long time, the motor can
overheat motor and damage the insulation. Name and describe TWO (2) application
methods/techniques to decrease the stator terminal voltage.
(4 marks)
QUESTION 4
a) A DC shunt motor has a current of 15 A from the supply line of 150 V. The values of the
motor armature and field resistance are 0.5 Q and 100 O, and the rotational loss is equal
to 200 W. For this condition, draw and label the power flow diagram for shunt DC motor. Then,
calculate:
i) The copper losses in the armature and field resistance
ii) The total losses
iii) The input power
iv) The output power
v) The efficiency at full load
(10 marks)
b) A three phase 415 V, 50 Hz, Y- connected, 4 pole synchronous generator has a
synchronous reactance of 5 Q and an armature resistance of 1 D. The generator is
connected to an infinite bus and delivers 15 A at full load with 0.8 power factor lagging.
Given that the total friction and windage losses amount to 300W. Calculate:
i) The excitation voltage at the rated condition
ii) The overall efficiency of the generator
iii) The maximum power the generator can supply if the field current keep constant
(10 marks)
c) Describe TWO (2) methods to control the speed of a DC motor.
(4 marks)
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
5 CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
QUESTION 5
a) A three-phase, wye-connected synchronous motor is rated at 100 MVA, 15 kV, 50 Hz,
and 0.9 lagging power factor. Its synchronous reactance is 0.4 CI, and the armature
resistance is negligible. Determine the voltage regulation of this motor.
(6 Marks)
b) Diode is an electronic device, possesses two terminals which are anode and
cathode, and it conducts current in one direction only from anode to cathode.
i) Sketch forward and reverse biased diode
ii) Determine voltage drop voltage for Silicon (Si) and Germanium (Ge) diodes.
iii) Figure 5b shows a non-ideal diode consisting of Germanium diode. Calculate
dc voltage across the load and average dc current in each diode
(6 marks)
Figure Q5b
c) Discuss TWO (2) types of faults in electrical systems that can cause disruptions or safety
hazards.
(8 Marks)
END OF QUESTION PAPER
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA
APPENDIX 1 CE/JUL 2024/EPE491/KJK529/559
1. V{t) = l ^ s i n w t 24. PF = cos 6 = Poc 47. EA = VT- IaZs
VnrJn
2 V = — 25. YE = — - ; — vn —
\VT\
3. 0 — 6V — 8i H
26. K j = - ^ z - 0 49. VR = ^ ^
\EA\
4. P = V7cos6> 27. PF = cos6 = 50. Pm = 3£"G/acos<t>
vsch
5. Q = VIsin8 [Link] = v
f^9 51. Rd =
3 / a ^a
'sc
6. S = VI 29. ZSE = ffeq +jXeq 52.
7. P 3 0 = 31^/0 cos 0 30. V1(fldy) = / 2 Z e(? + K2' 53. Ed = 0.9E
E
8. Q30 = 3V0I0sme ^•Vi(adj)=hZeq + V2 54. /, - d
v ad
9. 5 3 0 = 3 i y 0 32 7Pi = ^ n~aV^rated^
aV
2(rated)
K
10. P 3 0 = V37L/L cos 9 33. W?
i(ac!j)~^2(rated)
^2(rated)
11. <230 = V3> L / L sin0 34. EA = VT-IA(RA + Rf)
12. 5 3 0 = y/3VLIL 35. EA = VT-IARA
13. tf/c = Ni 36. EA = VT-IA(RA + Rf2)
14. B = fiH 37.T = ^ -
2nN
15. /I = MrMo 38.77 x 100%
16. 0 = BA 39. s _ nsup _ ns-nr
17. 5R 40. PSCL = 3/ 2 2 P x
fM
18. Emfind = 4.44/W0, 41.P«CL = 3 / 2 2 P 2
_ 3E S 0
E, AT, ;, 42. Pc =
20. P e q = Rt + a2R2 43.P^ = 3 / 2 2 ^
21. * e(? = * ! + a 2 X 2 44.P m = 3 / 2 2 P 2 ( ^ )
22. Rf>
l
e q n — P2 + 3
45. Pout — Pm ~ Pu.
23. Xp„ =Xy
• ^ 2 +
•
46. EG = VT + IaZs
© Hak Cipta Universiti Teknologi MARA