DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS AND
ORGANIZATION
(PART-1)
DESIRED LEARNING OBJECTIVES
▪ Type of activities in Product Development Process
▪ Benefits of well-defined Product Development Process
▪ Perspectives of Product Development Process
▪ Generic Product Development Process
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PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS
The sequence of steps or activities that an enterprise employs to
conceive, design and commercialize a product
Intellectual
Organizational
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PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
PROCESS
• A well-defined development process is very useful
because: -
Quality Assurance
Coordination
Planning
Management
Improvement
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PDP PERSPECTIVES:
STATE OF THE PRODUCT
• Perspective in terms of STATE OF THE PRODUCT: -
Reliable
Alternative product,
product Narrow down
repeatedly
concepts produced
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PDP PERSPECTIVES:
INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEM
• Perspective in terms of Information Processing System: -
Output
Input Information for
Corporate Objective, production & Sales
Strategic Opportunities, created
Technologies, Product
Platforms, Production
System
Processing of
Development
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PDP PERSPECTIVE:
RISK MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
• Perspective as a Risk Management System: -
Confidence that correctly working product are
being received in the market
Risks reduced through elimination
Risks identified & Prioritized
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GENERIC PDP
Planning Concept System-level Detail Design
Development Design
Testing and Production
Refinement Ramp-up
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PLANNING
▪ Referred as “Zero” phase
▪ Precedes the project approval and development process
▪ Output of planning phase
Opportunity Target Market
Identification
Business Goals Project Mission
Technology
Assessment Statement
Assumptions
Market Objectives
Constraints
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CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
▪ With the introduction of microelectronics and advanced
technology, we are progressing towards Information era
from the old school Industrial era.
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CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT
▪ Needs of target market identified as per the changing
▪ Alternative product concepts generated and evaluated.
▪ One or more concepts selected for further testing and
development
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Mission
Statement Identify Establish
Customer Target
Needs Specs.
Generate
Product
Concepts
Select
Product
Concept(s)
Concept Test
Product
Development Concept(s)
Phase Set
Final
Specs. Development
Plan Plan
Downstream
Development
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SYSTEM-LEVEL DESIGN
Output
Geometric layout,
Input Functional specification
of subsystems, process
Product architecture,
flow diagram of final
Decomposition in to Sub
assembly
systems, Preliminary design
of components, Allocation of
resources
Processing of system
level inputs
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DETAILED DESIGN
▪ Geometric and Material specification
▪ Tolerance of parts to be produced
▪ Identification standard parts
▪ A process plan and tooling is designed for components to
be fabricated
A control documentation of product is formulated
as a result of or after completion of Detail
Design phase
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DETAILED DESIGN (cont.)
Three critical issues resolved by the end of Detail Design
phase are:
▪ Material Selection
▪ Production Cost
▪ Robust Performance
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TESTING & REFINEMENT
Involves construction and evaluation of multiple production
versions. Generally, two prototypes:
▪ An Early or Alpha Prototype
▪ A Later or Beta Prototype
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ALPHA PROTOTYPE
Alpha prototypes are usually built with production-intent
parts that have the same geometry and material properties as
the production version but not necessarily fabricated with
the actual processes to be used in production.
Purpose:
To determine whether the product will work as designed and
will the product satisfy key customer needs.
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BETA PROTOTYPE
Beta prototypes are usually built with parts supplied by the
intended production processes but may not be assembled
using the intended final assembly process
Purpose:
To answer questions about performance and reliability to
identify necessary engineering changes.
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PRODUCTION RAMP-UP
In this phase,
▪ Product is made through intended production system
▪ To train the work force
▪ Products are sometimes supplied to preferred customers
and are carefully evaluated to remove any remaining flaws
▪ Transition from ramp-up to actual production is gradual
▪ During transition, the product is launched for widespread
distribution
▪ A post launch project review for technical and
commercial assessment
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The concept development
CONCEPT
process is also known as
DEVELOPMENT FRONT-END PROCESS
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IDENTIFY CUSTOMER NEEDS
Goal
Understand customer needs
Communicate to development team
Output
Customer needs - statement
Organized in hierarchy, weighting many to all
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Aerospace Engineering
Departmental Mission
The Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics aims to be
recognized as a leader in aerospace engineering
education and research through excellence in education
and targeted research themes in emerging areas.
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Aerospace Engineering BS
Program Mission
The mission of Aerospace Engineering program is to
prepare technically strong engineering students who can
contribute effectively towards the nation, society, and
aerospace industry through innovation, research,
entrepreneurship, leadership, technology and healthy
life-long learning attitude.
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ESTABLISHING TARGET
SPECIFICATIONS
Goal
Description of what product has to do
Translation of customer needs into technical
terms – the specifications
Output
List of target specifications
Marginal and ideal metric value of each
specification
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CONCEPT GENERATION
Includes
External search, Creative problem solving within
team, systematic exploration of various solution
that team generates
Output
Set of 10-20 concepts
Each represented by a sketch and brief
description
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CONCEPT SELECTION
Goal
Analysis of concepts
Sequential elimination till selection of most
promising concept
Output
Set of one or more selected concepts
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CONCEPT TESTING
Goal
Concept testing to verify, whether meeting
customer needs
Assess market potential of concept
Identify shortcomings to be remedied before
further development
If customers’ response is poor, project may be
terminated, or some earlier activity may be
repeated
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SETTING FINAL SPECIFICATIONS
Goal
Target specifications to be revisited considering
selected and tested concept
Output
Final specifications
Constraints inherent in the concept
Limitations through technical modeling
Tradeoffs between cost and performance
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